eu

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "eu"

Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

eu

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Basque.

Aromanian[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. Alternative form of io

Bourguignon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin ovum.

Noun[edit]

eu m (plural eus)

  1. egg

Chuukese[edit]

Numeral[edit]

eu

  1. one

Related terms[edit]

Corsican[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. Alternative form of eiu

References[edit]

Drehu[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

eu

  1. when

References[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle French eu, from Old French eü, from Vulgar Latin *habūtus, replacing Classical Latin habitus.

The spelling, which contradicts the pronunciation, is because Middle French -eu- besides /ø/ also sometimes represented long /yː/. The latter cases were generally replaced with -û- in Early Modern French, e.g. dû, flûte for Middle French deu, fleute. However, in the case of eu and related forms the spelling û was considered awkward and so the Middle French form was preserved.

Pronunciation[edit]

Participle[edit]

eu (feminine eue, masculine plural eus, feminine plural eues)

  1. past participle of avoir

Anagrams[edit]

Galician[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese eu, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈew/, (occasionally) /ˈɛw/, /ˈɪw/, (sandhi) /ˈjew/
  • Audio(file)

Pronoun[edit]

eu (after a preposition min, accusative me, dative me)

  1. I
    • 1399, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 580:
      Saban todos que yeu Fernan Martinez, Clerigo rector da Yglesia de San Thomas da pescaria da Vila da Cruña
      Everyone know this, that I Fernán Martinez, rector cleric of the church of Saint Tomas, of the Pescaría (fishery) of the Town of A Coruña

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • “eu” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “yeu” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “ieu” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.


Further reading[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

eu

  1. Rōmaji transcription of えう

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Compare Ancient Greek εὖ (eû, “well”, adverb).

Pronunciation[edit]

Interjection[edit]

eu

  1. bravo! well done!

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • “eu”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “eu”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Latvian[edit]

Interjection[edit]

eu

  1. Use to draw somebody's attention

Manx[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu (emphatic form euish)

  1. second-person plural/form of ec
    at you/ye

Middle English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

eu

  1. Alternative form of ewe

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. (chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of yow

Nias[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kahiw, from Proto-Austronesian *kaSiw.

Noun[edit]

eu (mutated form geu)

  1. wood

References[edit]

  • Sundermann, Heinrich. 1905. Niassisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Moers: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, p. 61.

Old French[edit]

Verb[edit]

eu

  1. past participle of avoir

Old Galician-Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. I

Descendants[edit]

  • Eonavian: eu
  • Fala: ei
  • Galician: eu
  • Portuguese: eu (see there for further descendants)

Old Occitan[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • ieu
  • ie (before an enclitic)

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

Descendants[edit]

Old Saxon[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

See iu.

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. you (accusative)

Declension[edit]

Old Saxon personal pronouns
Personal pronouns
Singular 1. 2. 3. m 3. f 3. n
Nominative ik thū hē siu it
Accusative mī, me, mik thī, thik ina sia
Dative mī thī imu iru it
Genitive mīn thīn is ira is
Dual 1. 2. - - -
Nominative wit git - - -
Accusative unk ink - - -
Dative
Genitive unkero, unka

inker, inka

- - -
Plural 1. 2. 3. m 3. f 3. n
Nominative wī, we gī, ge sia sia siu
Accusative ūs, unsik eu, iu, iuu
Dative ūs im
Genitive ūser euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera iro

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese eu, from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆. Doublet of ego.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu m or f by sense

  1. I (first-person singular personal pronoun)
  2. (Brazil, nonstandard, highly proscribed) first-person singular prepositional pronoun; me

Quotations[edit]

For quotations using this term, see Citations:eu.

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number Person Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct object) 		Dative
(indirect object) 		Prepositional Prepositional
with com 		Non-declining
m f m f m and f m f m f m f
Singular First eu me mim comigo
Second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor a senhora
Third ele ela o
(lo, no) 		a
(la, na) 		lhe ele ela com ele com ela o mesmo a mesma
se si consigo
Plural First nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil) 		a gente
Second vós vos vós convosco, com vós vocês
os senhores as senhoras
Third eles elas os
(los, nos) 		as
(las, nas) 		lhes eles elas com eles com elas os mesmos as mesmas
se si consigo
Indefinite se si consigo

Noun[edit]

eu m (plural eus)

  1. (chiefly philosophy) ego; self (individual person as the object of his own reflective consciousness)
    Synonym: ego

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Interjection[edit]

eu!

  1. Used to draw attention to oneself after having their name called.
    Dr. Hélio? – Eu!
    Dr. Hélio? – Here!

Descendants[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (pronoun) /jew/, (noun) /ew/
  • IPA(key): (pronoun, colloquial) /jo/
  • Rhymes: -ew
  • Hyphenation: eu
  • Audio(file)

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. (nominative form) I

Declension[edit]

Nominative
eu
Accusative
stressed unstressed
mine mă
Genitive
Singular Plural
m & n f m f & n
meu mea mei mele
Dative
stressed unstressed
mie îmi
Reflexive
Accusative Dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
mine mă mie îmi

See also[edit]

Romanian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person eu noi
2nd person plain tu voi
semi-polite dumneata dumneavoastră
polite dumneavoastră
3rd person
familiar 		m el ei
f ea ele
3rd person
polite 		m dumnealui dumnealor
f dumneaei

Noun[edit]

eu n (plural euri)

  1. ego

Declension[edit]

Declension of eu
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) eu eul (niște) euri eurile
genitive/dative (unui) eu eului (unor) euri eurilor
vocative eule eurilor

Romansch[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu (Vallader)

  1. Alternative form of jau (“I”)

Sassarese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. Alternative form of éiu: I
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Primabéra [Springtime]”, in La poesia di l'althri [The poetry of others], Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 13:
      […] guasi guasi credu
      chi podaristhia eu puru
      o dubaristhia
      nascì torra. […]
      I almost believe that I, too, can, or should, be born again.
    • 2020 March 25, Ignazio Sanna, “Di nomme fozzu Asdrubale [My name is Asdrubale]”, in Ignazio Sanna - Prosa e poesia in sassarese‎[1]:
      Faccisigàddu, diggu grazie a Firumèna chi s’alluntàna e s’arròmba a lu muru; eu a lu muru d’aócci.
      Embarrassed, I thank Filomena, who distances herself, and leans on the wall; I [lean] to the opposite wall.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Sicilian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈɛu/
  • Hyphenation: è‧u

Pronoun[edit]

eu

  1. (first person singular pronoun) I
    Eu sacciu lèggiri 'n sicilianu. ― I can read Sicilian.

Usage notes[edit]

  • It can be postponed to a verb
  • It can, some dialects, be used for emphasis
    Jù ci parrai-ju
    I talked to him.

Inflection[edit]

nominative eu
prepositional mìa
accusative mi
dative mi
reflexive mi

See also[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 'u (after vowels)
  • 'w (after the preposition i)

Pronunciation[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

  • Despite being written as u, the vowel here is /i̯/ in north Wales, making it homophonous with singular ei in all varieties of the spoken language.

Determiner[edit]

eu (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)

  1. their
    Cwynent am eu blinder a’u hafiechyd.
    They complained of their weariness and their illness.

Pronoun[edit]

eu (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)

  1. them (as the direct object of a verbal noun)
    Rhaid sganio’r ffeiliau cyn eu hagor a’u harchwilio.
    You have to scan the files before opening them and exploring them.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Nhw is often added after the noun or verbnoun which eu precedes. In formal language, this is done to emphasise the determiner or pronoun. In colloquial language, it is not necessarily an indicator of emphasis, and is often included with the determiner and always included with the pronoun. The exception to the latter case is in passive constructions employing cael, where nhw is never used.
  • In formal Welsh, the contraction ’u is a valid form of eu found after mostly functional vowel-final words. In colloquial Welsh, eu is often contracted to ’u after almost any vowel-final word.
  • Pronomial eu and ’u can occur before any verbal noun. Before a verb, pronomial ’u is found only in formal language after certain vowel-final preverbal particles. See entry for ’u for more information.

Further reading[edit]

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “eu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

eú

  1. (Ekiti) anvil

Zhuang[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Verb[edit]

eu (1957–1982 spelling eu)

  1. to sing (a folk song)

Etymology 2[edit]

Adjective[edit]

eu (1957–1982 spelling eu)

  1. weak; frail; feeble
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