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See also: and
U+4F3A, 伺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F3A

[U+4F39]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4F3B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 9, +5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人尸一口 (OSMR), four-corner 27220, composition )

  1. serve, wait upon, attend
  2. examine

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 97, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 483
  • Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 139, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+4F3A

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *slɯ, *slɯs) : semantic (person, man) + phonetic (OC *slɯ) – a person stands beside (attends), looks in.

Pronunciation 1[edit]


  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ ~候
/sz̩⁵³/ ~機
Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Jinan /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Qingdao /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰz̩³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
/t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ ~新
Yinchuan /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ ~候
/sz̩¹³/ 窺視
Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Chengdu /sz̩¹³/
/t͡sʰz̩¹³/
Guiyang /sz̩²¹³/
/t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Kunming /t͡sʰz̩²¹²/ ~候
/sz̩²¹²/ ~機
Nanjing /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩³¹/
Hangzhou /sz̩⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /zz̩²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰz̩³²⁴/
/sz̩²²/
Tunxi /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/ ~候
/sz̩⁵⁵/ ~機
Xiangtan /sz̩⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /sz̩⁵³/
Taoyuan /sï⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡si²²/
Nanning /t͡sʰz̩³³/
Hong Kong /t͡si²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /su²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /søy²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /su³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /sɯ³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /si²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2 1/2
Initial () (16) (16)
Final () (19) (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter siH si
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/sɨH/ /sɨ/
Pan
Wuyun
/sɨH/ /sɨ/
Shao
Rongfen
/sieH/ /sie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sɨH/ /sɨ/
Li
Rong
/siəH/ /siə/
Wang
Li
/sĭəH/ /sĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren
/siH/ /si/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si3 si1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2 1/2
No. 11955 11952
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*slɯs/ /*slɯ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. to spy; to examine
  2. to wait

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]


Note:
  • Xiamen, Zhangzhou:
    • sù - literary;
    • sū - vernacular.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
    Harbin /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ ~候
    /sz̩⁵³/ ~機
    Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Jinan /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
    Qingdao /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡sʰz̩³¹²/
    Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
    Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
    /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ ~新
    Yinchuan /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡sʰz̩¹³/ ~候
    /sz̩¹³/ 窺視
    Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
    Chengdu /sz̩¹³/
    /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
    Guiyang /sz̩²¹³/
    /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
    Kunming /t͡sʰz̩²¹²/ ~候
    /sz̩²¹²/ ~機
    Nanjing /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
    Hefei /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
    Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
    Suzhou /zz̩³¹/
    Hangzhou /sz̩⁴⁴⁵/
    Wenzhou /zz̩²²/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʰz̩³²⁴/
    /sz̩²²/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/ ~候
    /sz̩⁵⁵/ ~機
    Xiangtan /sz̩⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang
    Hakka Meixian /sz̩⁵³/
    Taoyuan /sï⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡si²²/
    Nanning /t͡sʰz̩³³/
    Hong Kong /t͡si²²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /su²¹/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /søy²¹²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /su³³/
    Shantou (Teochew) /sɯ³⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /si²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial () (16)
    Final () (19)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter siH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /sɨH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /sɨH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /sieH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /sɨH/
    Li
    Rong
    /siəH/
    Wang
    Li
    /sĭəH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /siH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    si3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 11955
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*slɯs/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. Only used in 伺候 (cìhou).

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. Inquire [ask] after[1]
    2. Inquire about/ask[1]

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 0053 Kanji. Kodansha Kanji Learner's Dictionary: Revised and Expanded, Halpern, Jack. 2013.

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (sa) (hangeul , revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.