低

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低 U+4F4E, 低
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F4E
← 位
[U+4F4D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 住 →
[U+4F4F]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

低 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人竹心一 (OHPM) or 人竹女戈 (OHVI), four-corner 22240, composition ⿰亻氐)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 98, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 504
  • Dae Jaweon: page 207, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+4F4E

Chinese[edit]

trad. 低
simp. # 低

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 低
Small seal script

s05919

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (氐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
低 *tiːl
氐 *tiːl, *til
袛 *tiːl
羝 *tiːl
眡 *tiːl, *djilʔ
岻 *tiːl, *dil
奃 *tiːl
趆 *tiːl, *tiːls
柢 *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls
邸 *tiːlʔ
底 *tiːlʔ
詆 *tiːlʔ, *diːl
坻 *tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil
抵 *tiːlʔ
牴 *tiːlʔ
觝 *tiːlʔ
弤 *tiːlʔ
軧 *tiːlʔ
骶 *tiːls
砥 *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils
胝 *til
疷 *til
秪 *til
泜 *dil
蚳 *dil
彽 *dil
阺 *dil
貾 *dil
祗 *tjil
厎 *tjilʔ, *tjɯʔ
茋 *tjilʔ
鴟 *tʰjil
汦 *kjeʔ, *tjil

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiːl) : semantic 亻 (“man, person”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til) – a person lowering themselves, bowing.

Etymology 1[edit]

Cognate with 底 (OC *tiːlʔ, “bottom”), 柢 (OC *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls, “root of a tree; base”), Tibetan མཐིལ (mthil, “bottom; floor”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 低
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 都奚切
Baxter tej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tei/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tei/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tɛj/
Li
Rong 		/tei/
Wang
Li 		/tiei/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tiei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dai1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 低
Reading # 1/1
No. 2234
Phonetic
component 		氐
Rime
group 		脂
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		低
Old
Chinese 		/*tiːl/

Definitions[edit]

低

  1. low (of height)
  2. low (of quantity); behind average
    他們抱怨工資過低。 [MSC, trad.]
    他们抱怨工资过低。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāmen bàoyuàn gōngzī guò dī. [Pinyin]
    They complained that the wages were too low.
    低糖的高纖豆漿／低糖的高纤豆浆  ―  dī táng de gāo xiān dòujiāng  ―  Low Sugar, High Fiber Soy Milk
  3. low (of voice); quiet; soft
  4. (Cantonese) down (adverb)
    寫低／写低 [Cantonese]  ―  se2 dai1 [Jyutping]  ―  to write down
  5. (dialectal Mandarin, Jin) short (in stature)
  6. to lower; to hang (one's head); to bend; to bow
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 低 (“low”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 低
Mandarin Beijing 低
Taiwan 低
Jinan 低
Xi'an 低
Wuhan 低, 矮
Chengdu 矮, 低
Yangzhou 低
Hefei 低, 矮
Malaysia 低
Singapore 低
Cantonese Guangzhou 低
Hong Kong 低
Taishan 低
Yangjiang 低
Singapore (Guangfu) 低
Gan Nanchang 低, 矮
Hakka Meixian 低, 矮
Jin Taiyuan 低
Northern Min Jian'ou 矮
Eastern Min Fuzhou 下, 矮
Southern Min Xiamen 下
Quanzhou 下
Jinjiang 下
Zhangzhou 下
Tainan 下
Penang (Hokkien) 下
Singapore (Hokkien) 下
Manila (Hokkien) 下
Chaozhou 下, 矮
Shantou 下
Jieyang 下
Singapore (Teochew) 下
Pontianak (Teochew) 下
Singapore (Hainanese) 低
Wu Suzhou 低
Ningbo 低, 矮
Zhoushan 低, 矮
Wenzhou 低, 矮
Xiang Changsha 低, 矮, 下
Shuangfeng 低, 矮
Dialectal synonyms of 矮 (“short (in stature)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 矮
Mandarin Beijing 矮, 矬
Taiwan 矮
Tianjin 矮, 矬
Chengde 矮, 矬
Tangshan 矮, 矬
Cangzhou 矮, 矬
Baoding 矬
Shijiazhuang 矬
Chifeng 矮, 矬
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 矮
Heihe 矮, 矬
Qiqihar 矮, 矬
Harbin 矮, 矬
Jiamusi 矮, 矬
Baicheng 矮, 矬
Changchun 矮, 矬
Tonghua 矮, 矬
Shenyang 矮, 矬
Dandong 矮, 矬
Jinzhou 矮, 矬
Dalian 矮
Yantai 矮, 矬
Yantai (Muping) 矮, 矬
Qingdao 矮, 矬
Lijin 矮, 矬
Zhucheng 矮
Jinan 矮, 矬
Jining 矮
Wanrong 低
Shangqiu 矮, 矬
Zhengzhou 矮, 矬
Lingbao 矮, 矬
Xinyang 矮
Baihe 矮
Hanzhong 矮
Xi'an 矮, 矬, 低
Baoji 矮
Yinchuan 矮, 矬
Tianshui 矮, 矬
Lanzhou 矮, 矬
Dunhuang 矮, 矬
Xining 矮
Hami 矬
Ürümqi 矬, 矮
Wuhan 矮
Yichang 矮
Xiangyang 矮
Tianmen 矮, 矮矬
Hong'an 矮
Chengdu 矮
Nanchong 矮
Dazhou 矮
Hanyuan 矮
Xichang 矮
Zigong 矮
Chongqing 矮
Guiyang 矮
Zunyi 矮
Bijie 矮
Liping 矮
Zhaotong 矮
Dali 矮
Kunming 矮
Mengzi 矮
Guilin 矮
Liuzhou 矮
Jishou 矮
Changde 矮
Anqing 矮
Xuzhou 矮, 矬
Fuyang 矮
Wuhu 矮
Yangzhou 矮
Lianyungang 矮, 矬
Lianshui 矮
Nanjing 矮
Hefei 矮
Nantong 矮
Singapore 矮
Cantonese Guangzhou 矮
Hong Kong 矮
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 矮
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 矮
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 矮
Taishan 矮
Dongguan 矮
Yangjiang 矮
Gan Nanchang 矮
Lichuan 矮
Pingxiang 矮
Hakka Meixian 矮
Yudu 矮
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 矮
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 矮
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 矮
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 矮
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 矮
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 矮
Hong Kong 矮
Huizhou Jixi 矮
Shexian 矮
Jin Taiyuan 矮, 低
Yangyuan 矮, 矬
Datong 低
Xinzhou 矮, 低
Lishi 矮
Linfen 矬
Changzhi 矮, 低
Linhe 矬
Jining 矬
Hohhot 矬
Erenhot 矮, 矬
Pingshan 矬
Zhangjiakou 矮, 矬
Handan 矮, 矬
Linzhou 矮
Suide 矮
Northern Min Jian'ou 矮
Eastern Min Fuzhou 矮
Southern Min Xiamen 矮
Quanzhou 矮
Zhangzhou 矮
Taipei 矮
New Taipei (Tamsui) 矮
New Taipei (Sanxia) 矮
New Taipei (Pingxi) 矮
Kaohsiung 矮
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 矮
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 矮
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 矮
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 矮
Yilan (Toucheng) 矮
Tainan 矮
Tainan (Anping) 矮
Kinmen 矮
Penghu (Magong) 矮
Penghu (Xiyu) 矮
Penang (Hokkien) 矮
Chaozhou 矮
Haikou 矮
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 矮
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 矮
Wu Shanghai 矮, 短
Shanghai (Chongming) 矮
Suzhou 矮
Danyang 矮
Hangzhou 矮
Ningbo 矮
Wenzhou 矮
Jinhua 短
Xiang Changsha 矮
Loudi 矮
Shuangfeng 矮

Compounds[edit]

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

低

  1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 下 (“low”)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

低

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. low
  2. short
  3. humble

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

低 (eumhun 낮을 저 (najeul jeo))

  1. Hanja form? of 저 (“low”).
  2. Hanja form? of 저 (“cheap”).

Compounds[edit]

Tày[edit]

Adjective[edit]

低 (đây)

  1. Nôm form of đây (“good, beautiful”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

低: Hán Nôm readings: đây, đay, đê

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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