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See also:
U+50CF, 像
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50CF

[U+50CE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+50D0]

像 U+2F80B, 像
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F80B
僧
[U+2F80A]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 㒞
[U+2F80C]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
13 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 9, +11 in Chinese, 人+12 in Japanese, 13 strokes in Chinese, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人弓日人 (ONAO), four-corner 27232, composition )

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 116, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1084
  • Dae Jaweon: page 247, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 213, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+50CF

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. 𰁼

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Warring States
Chu slip and silk script



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ljaŋʔ): semantic (man) + phonetic (OC *ljaŋʔ, elephant; image).

Etymology[edit]

Traditionally thought to be the same word as Old Chinese (*ljaŋʔ, elephant) (Han Feizi[1], Karlgren, 1957).

Schuessler (2007) posits that Old Chinese *z- and *s-l- / *s-j- might have merged in Zuo Zhuan and thinks Old Chinese (*ljaŋʔ, image) possibly derives from Sino-Tibetan root *la, making it cognate with Tibetan ལད་མོ (lad mo, imitation, to imitate, mimic) & ལྷ (lha, gods, image of a deity) (however, see there for other etymology), Lepcha ᰗᰰ (klan, similar) & ᰗᰰᰜᰶ (klan-lă, imitation), Jingpho [script needed] (sum³¹-la³³, picture, image) & [script needed] (num³¹-la³³, ghost). Geilich (1994) adds Tibetan ལྡེམ (ldem, statue, idol) yet connects the Tibeto-Burman items to Old Chinese (*ljɯʔ).

Doublet of (yáng, to feign) and (yàng, appearance).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • xiang4 - noun ("likeness");
  • qiang4 - verb[1].
  • Cantonese
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • chhiūⁿ/chhiǔⁿ/chhiōⁿ - vernacular;
    • siōng/siǒng/siāng - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: siang6 / ciên6 / cion6 / siên3 / sion3
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siăng / tshiĕⁿ / tshiŏⁿ / sièⁿ / siòⁿ
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiaŋ³⁵/, /t͡ɕʰĩẽ³⁵/, /t͡ɕʰĩõ³⁵/, /ɕĩẽ²¹³/, /ɕĩõ²¹³/
    Note:
    • siang6 - literary;
    • ciên6/cion6/siên3/sion3 - vernacular (ciên6/siên3 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: sian4 / sian5 / cian5
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /sɪ̯æn⁴⁵/, /sɪ̯æn²¹/, /t͡sʰɪ̯æn²¹/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /ɕɪ̯æn⁴⁵/, /ɕɪ̯æn²¹/, /t͡ɕʰɪ̯æn²¹/

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɑŋ⁵¹/
    Harbin /ɕiaŋ⁵³/
    Tianjin /ɕiɑŋ⁵³/
    Jinan /ɕiaŋ²¹/
    Qingdao /siaŋ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /siaŋ³¹²/
    Xi'an /ɕiaŋ⁴⁴/
    Xining /ɕiɔ̃²¹³/
    Yinchuan /ɕiɑŋ¹³/
    Lanzhou /ɕiɑ̃¹³/
    Ürümqi /ɕiɑŋ²¹³/
    Wuhan /ɕiaŋ³⁵/
    /t͡ɕʰiaŋ³⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕʰiaŋ¹³/
    /ɕiaŋ¹³/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕʰiaŋ²¹³/ 不~他
    /ɕiaŋ²¹³/ ~片
    Kunming /ɕiã̠²¹²/
    Nanjing /siaŋ⁴⁴/
    Hefei /ɕiɑ̃⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/
    Pingyao /ɕyə³⁵/ 相像
    Hohhot /ɕiɑ̃⁵⁵/
    Wu Shanghai /ʑiã²³/
    Suzhou /ziã³¹/
    Hangzhou /d͡ʑiɑŋ¹³/
    Wenzhou /ji³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʰia³⁵/
    /t͡sʰia²²/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰiau²⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /sian⁵⁵/
    /sian¹¹/
    /t͡sian¹¹/
    Xiangtan /d͡zian²¹/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ²¹/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰioŋ⁵³/
    Taoyuan /sioŋ⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sœŋ²²/
    Nanning /t͡sœŋ²²/
    Hong Kong /t͡sœŋ²²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /siɔŋ²²/
    /t͡sʰiũ²²/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰuɔŋ²⁴²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /siɔŋ³³/
    /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰiõ³⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /siaŋ³⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (17)
    Final () (105)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter zjangX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /zɨɐŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ziɐŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ziɑŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /zɨaŋX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ziaŋX/
    Wang
    Li
    /zĭaŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /zi̯aŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    xiàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    zoeng6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    xiàng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ zjangX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*s.[d]aŋʔ/
    English image; resemble

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 13663
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ljaŋʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. picture; image; photograph; figure
    2. statue; figure; sculpture
    3. to resemble; to be like
    4. to take for example; for example; for instance; such as
      Synonym: 比如 (bǐrú)
    5. (mathematics) image (of a function)

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (photograph):
    • (to be like):

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 李榮 (1998) 成都方言詞典(現代漢語方言大詞典·分卷), 江蘇教育出版社, →ISBN

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai
    Kyūjitai
    [1]

    像󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (ぞう) (ざう (zau)?

    1. a form of a thing, including god; a figure; a statue; an idol
    2. an image, a vision
      (しゃ)(かい)(ぞう)
      shakai
      a vision of the society

    References[edit]

    1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 199 (paper), page 149 (digital)
    2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 형상 (hyeongsang sang))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    chữ Hán Nôm in this term

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: tượng[1], tương[1]
    : Nôm readings: tượng[1]

    1. chữ Hán form of tương (to resemble; to be like).
    2. chữ Hán form of tượng (a figure; a statue; an idol; an image).

    References[edit]