切

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切 U+5207, 切
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5207
← 分
[U+5206] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刈 →
[U+5208]
切 U+FA00, 切
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA00
← 刺
[U+F9FF] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 度 →
[U+FA01]

切 U+2F850, 切
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F850
← 噴
[U+2F84F] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 壮 →
[U+2F851]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
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Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
4 strokes

Alternative forms[edit]

Note that in Chinese scripts (simplified/traditional), the left component is written ㇐ followed by ㇙ (with an upward hook). In Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese scripts the left component ends with ㇟ as in 七, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi Dictionary.

Han character[edit]

切 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心尸竹 (PSH), four-corner 47720, composition ⿰七刀)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1858
  • Dae Jaweon: page 307, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 320, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5207

Further reading[edit]

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 切
alternative forms 𪥂
𭃄

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 切
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script
Small seal script

s03163

Transcribed ancient scripts

L27064

L27065

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (七) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
切 *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd
砌 *sʰiːds
沏 *sʰiːd
七 *sn̥ʰid
柒 *sn̥ʰid
叱 *n̥ʰjid

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd) : phonetic 七 (OC *sn̥ʰid) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • ciag4 - Shantou;
  • ciêg4 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 先 (87)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 千結切
Baxter tshet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰet̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰet̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰɛt̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰet̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰiet̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰiet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qie
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cit3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 切
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qiè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshet ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tsʰ]ˁi[t]/
English cut; urgent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
No. 9908
Phonetic
component 		七
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*sn̥ʰiːd/

Definitions[edit]

切

  1. to cut; to slice; to carve; to mince with a knife
  2. to cut off; to disconnect
  3. (mathematics) tangent
    正切  ―  zhèngqiē  ―  tangent
    餘切／余切  ―  yúqiē  ―  cotangent
  4. to switch
    Synonym: 切換／切换 (qiēhuàn)
    輸入法切來切去很麻煩。 [MSC, trad.]
    输入法切来切去很麻烦。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shūrùfǎ qiē-lái qiē-qù hěn máfán. [Pinyin]
    Switching back and forth between IMEs all the time is so annoying.
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chhoeh/chheh - vernacular;
  • chhiat - literary.
Note:
  • ciag4 - Shantou;
  • ciêg4 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 先 (87)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 千結切
Baxter tshet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰet̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰet̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰɛt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰɛt̚/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰet̚/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰiet̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰiet̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qie
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cit3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 切
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qiè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshet ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tsʰ]ˁi[t]/
English cut; urgent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 切
Reading # 2/2
No. 9908
Phonetic
component 		七
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*sn̥ʰiːd/

Definitions[edit]

切

  1. to be close to
  2. to bite tightly; to clench
  3. to correspond to; to match
  4. (traditional Chinese medicine) to feel the pulse
  5. eager; ardent
  6. urgent; pressing
  7. must; by all means
  8. main point
  9. (phonetics) Short for 反切 (fǎnqiè, “fanqie”).
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 切
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 七計切
Baxter tshejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰeiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰeiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰeiH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰieiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰieiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cai3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 切
Reading # 1/2
No. 9906
Phonetic
component 		七
Rime
group 		至
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		砌
Old
Chinese 		/*sn̥ʰiːds/

Definitions[edit]

切

  1. Used in 一切 (yīqiè, “all; every; everything; anything”).
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

切

  1. (Mandarin, chiefly women's speech, colloquial) An interjection conveying a slight sense of disdain or dissatisfaction.
See also[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

切

  1. (Cantonese) to be in time for; in time
    嚟得切 [Cantonese]  ―  lai4 dak1 cit3 [Jyutping]  ―  to (be able to) make it

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

切

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. cut

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Korean[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Chinese 切 (MC tshet).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 쳐ᇙ〮 (Yale: chyélq)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 졀ᄒᆞᆯ (Yale: cyel-hol) 졀 (Yale: cyel)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

切 (eumhun 끊을 절 (kkeuneul jeol))

  1. Hanja form? of 절 (“to cut”). [affix]
Compounds[edit]
Compounds

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Chinese 切 (MC tshejH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 촁〮 (Yale: chyéy)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

切 (eumhun 온통 체 (ontong che))

  1. Hanja form? of 체 (“Only used in 일체(一切) (ilche, “all, everything”): whole”).
Compounds[edit]
Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

切: Hán Nôm readings: thiết, siết, thiếc, thướt, xắt, thế

  1. to slice
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