刻

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刻 U+523B, 刻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-523B
← 刺
[U+523A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刼 →
[U+523C]

刻 U+2F820, 刻
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F820
← 㓟
[U+2F81F] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 剆 →
[U+2F821]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character[edit]

刻 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜人中弓 (YOLN), four-corner 02800, composition ⿰亥刂)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 139, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1970
  • Dae Jaweon: page 316, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 337, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+523B

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 刻

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (亥) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
該 *kɯː
垓 *kɯː
賅 *kɯː
陔 *kɯː
豥 *kɯː, *ɡɯː
荄 *kɯː, *krɯː
郂 *kɯː
姟 *kɯː
絯 *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ
晐 *kɯː
峐 *kɯː
侅 *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ
胲 *kɯː
頦 *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː
奒 *kʰɯː
輆 *kʰɯːʔ
欬 *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds
硋 *ŋɡɯːɡs
閡 *ŋɡɯːɡs
咳 *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː
孩 *ɡɯː
亥 *ɡɯːʔ
劾 *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ
痎 *krɯː
烗 *kʰrɯːɡs
骸 *ɡrɯː
駭 *ɡrɯːʔ
刻 *kʰɯːɡ
餩 *qɯːɡ
核 *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰɯːɡ) : phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) + semantic 刀.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • kêg4 - literary;
  • kag4 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 刻
Mandarin Beijing /kʰɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /kʰei²¹³/
/kʰɤ⁴⁴/
/kʰɤ⁵³/
Tianjin /kʰɤ⁴⁵/
Jinan /kʰə²¹/
/kʰei²¹³/
Qingdao /kʰə⁵⁵/
/kʰe⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kʰɤ²⁴/
Xi'an /kʰei²¹/
Xining /kʰɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kʰa¹³/
/kʰə¹³/
Lanzhou /kʰə¹³/
Ürümqi /kʰɤ²¹³/
/kʰei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /kʰe³¹/
Guiyang /kʰɛ²¹/
Kunming /kʰə³¹/
Nanjing /kʰəʔ⁵/
Hefei /kʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kʰəʔ²/
Pingyao /kʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /kʰəʔ⁵/
Suzhou /kʰəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /kʰɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /kʰe²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kʰeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kʰə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /kʰə²⁴/
Xiangtan /kʰæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kʰiɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kʰet̚¹/
Taoyuan /kʰet̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐk̚⁵/
/hak̚⁵/
Nanning /kʰɐk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /hɐk̚⁵/
/hak̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰik̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰaiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kʰɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰek̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xak̚⁵/ 雕～
/xɔk̚⁵/ 一～
Rime
Character 刻
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 登 (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 苦得切
Baxter khok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰək̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰək̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰək̚/
Li
Rong 		/kʰək̚/
Wang
Li 		/kʰək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kʰək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ke
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hak1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 刻
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khok ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[kʰ]ˁək/
English cut, engrave

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 刻
Reading # 1/1
No. 4840
Phonetic
component 		亥
Rime
group 		職
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		刻
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰɯːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

刻

  1. to carve; to cut a notch; to engrave
    刻舟求劍／刻舟求剑  ―  kèzhōuqiújiàn  ―  notch the boat in search of the sword
  2. to draw; to adorn
  3. to cut; to scratch
  4. to rigorously demand
  5. to restrict; to limit
  6. to damage; to prejudice
  7. to engrave on one's mind
  8. unkind; sarcastic; caustic
  9. urgent; pressing
  10. assiduous; diligent
  11. moment in time
    此刻  ―  cǐkè  ―  now [lit. this moment]
  12. A unit of time.
    1. (historical) 1⁄100 of one day; 14.4 minutes
    2. (modern) quarter of an hour; 15 minutes

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 刻
Kyūjitai
[1][2]
刻󠄂
刻+&#xE0102;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

刻

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. engrave, carve
  2. moment in time

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

＊遅(ち)刻(こく) (chikoku)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 298 (paper), page 199 (digital)
  2. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 222 (paper), page 123 (digital)

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 刻 (MC khok). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆨ (kok) (Yale: kok) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

刻 (eumhun 새길 각 (saegil gak))

  1. Hanja form? of 각 (“engrave, carve”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

刻: Hán Nôm readings: khắc, gắt, khắt, khấc, lắc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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