創

See also: 创 and 剙

創 U+5275, 創 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5275 ← 剴 [U+5274] CJK Unified Ideographs 剶 → [U+5276]

Translingual

Han character

創 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+10, 12 strokes, cangjie input 人口中弓 (ORLN), four-corner 8260₀, composition ⿰倉刂)

Derived characters

• 𤏬 𤺨 𣋃 𦼃 𭞶 𫤤 𬰌

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 143, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2127
• Dae Jaweon: page 323, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 350, character 15
• Unihan data for U+5275

Chinese

trad.		創
simp.		创
alternative forms		刅 刱 剏 剙 瘡／疮 刅 刱 剏 剙 瘡／疮 𠛂 𠛲 𠝀 𠞴 𠟐 𨱠 𠛝

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 創
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (倉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
艙	*sʰaːŋ
倉	*sʰaːŋ
蒼	*sʰaːŋ, *sʰaːŋʔ
滄	*sʰaːŋ, *sʰraŋs
傖	*sʰaːŋ, *zraːŋ
鶬	*sʰaːŋ
凔	*sʰaːŋ
槍	*sʰaŋ, *sʰraːŋ
搶	*sʰaŋ, *sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ
蹌	*sʰaŋ
瑲	*sʰaŋ
牄	*sʰaŋ
嗆	*sʰaŋs
創	*sʰraŋ, *sʰraŋs
瘡	*sʰraŋ
愴	*sʰraŋʔ, *sʰraŋs
鎗	*sʰraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraŋ, *sʰraŋs) : phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ) + semantic 刀 (“knife”) – wound.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chuàng (chuang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cong³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhóng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cong³

• Eastern Min (BUC): cháung
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhòng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cang³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵tshaon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chuàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chuàng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻuang⁴
    • Yale: chwàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuanq
    • Palladius: чуан (čuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cong³
    • Yale: chong
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsong³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cong³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhóng
    • Hakka Romanization System: cong`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cong³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cong³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔŋ³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cháung
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑuŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòng
    • Tâi-lô: tshòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhoxng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cang³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵tshaon
    • MiniDict: tshaon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰɑ̃³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsrhjangH

Rime
Character	創
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	初亮切
Baxter	tsrhjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰiɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰiaŋH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭaŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chuàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cong3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]raŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰraŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	創
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chuàng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrhjangH ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]raŋ-s/
English	begin
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	創
Reading #	2/2
No.	1143
Phonetic component	倉
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	剏
Old Chinese	/*sʰraŋs/

Definitions

創

1. to start to (do something); to do something (for the first time); to found; to create; to establish
2. to expand; to broaden; to extend
3. to write; to start to compile
4. to punish; to penalise
5. unique; special; unseen; creative

   創意／创意  ―  chuàngyì  ―  creativity

6. (Internet slang, humorous) Alternative form of 撞 (“to hit”)
7. (Southern Min) to do; to perform
8. (Southern Min) to make; to produce
9. (Southern Min) to tease; to poke fun at

Compounds

• 初創／初创 (chūchuàng)
• 別創新格／别创新格
• 創下／创下 (chuàngxià)
• 創世／创世 (chuàngshì)
• 創世紀／创世纪 (Chuàngshìjì)
• 創作／创作 (chuàngzuò)
• 創出／创出
• 創刊／创刊 (chuàngkān)
• 創制／创制 (chuàngzhì)
• 創制權／创制权
• 創匯／创汇 (chuànghuì)
• 創始／创始 (chuàngshǐ)
• 創建／创建 (chuàngjiàn)
• 創意／创意 (chuàngyì)
• 創意指導／创意指导
• 創意曲／创意曲
• 創意造言／创意造言
• 創收／创收 (chuàngshōu)
• 創新／创新 (chuàngxīn)
• 創校／创校
• 創業／创业 (chuàngyè)
• 創業垂統／创业垂统
• 創業守成／创业守成
• 創業維艱／创业维艰
• 創業興家／创业兴家
• 創治／创治 (chhòng-tī) (Min Nan)
• 創獲／创获
• 創稿／创稿
• 創立／创立 (chuànglì)
• 創紀錄／创纪录 (chuàng jìlù)
• 創舉／创举 (chuàngjǔ)
• 創見／创见 (chuàngjiàn)
• 創設／创设 (chuàngshè)
• 創議／创议 (chuàngyì)
• 創辦／创办 (chuàngbàn)
• 創辦人／创办人 (chuàngbànrén)
• 創造／创造 (chuàngzào)
• 創造力／创造力 (chuàngzàolì)
• 始創／始创
• 新創／新创 (xīnchuàng)
• 獨創／独创 (dúchuàng)
• 獨創一格／独创一格
• 神創論／神创论 (shénchuànglùn)
• 締創／缔创
• 自創／自创 (zìchuàng)
• 自創新意／自创新意
• 草創／草创 (cǎochuàng)
• 開創／开创 (kāichuàng)
• 首創／首创 (shǒuchuàng)

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chuāng (chuang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cong¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhóng
• Eastern Min (BUC): chŏng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhong / chhòng / chhng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cang³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹tshaon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chuāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chuang
    • Wade–Giles: chʻuang¹
    • Yale: chwāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuang
    • Palladius: чуан (čuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cong¹
    • Yale: chōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhóng
    • Hakka Romanization System: cong`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cong³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰouŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhong / chhòng / chhng
    • Tâi-lô: tshong / tshòng / tshng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhofng, zhoxng, zhngf
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ¹¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/, /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/

Note:

• chhong/chhòng - literary;
• chhng - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cang³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshàng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹tshaon
    • MiniDict: tshaon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰɑ̃⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsrhjang

Rime
Character	創
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	初良切
Baxter	tsrhjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰiaŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chuāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cong1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]raŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰraŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	創
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chuāng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrhjang ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]raŋ/
English	wound (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	創
Reading #	1/2
No.	1139
Phonetic component	倉
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	創
Old Chinese	/*sʰraŋ/

Definitions

創

1. to injure; to harm; to damage
2. to cut; to slash; to sever
3. damage; wound; knife cut
4. Alternative form of 瘡／疮 (chuāng, “sore”)

Compounds

• 刀創藥／刀创药
• 創傷／创伤
• 創口／创口 (chuāngkǒu)
• 創夷／创夷
• 創痕／创痕
• 創痛／创痛
• 創鉅痛深／创巨痛深
• 創面／创面
• 受創／受创
• 百孔千創／百孔千创
• 裹創／裹创
• 重創／重创
• 金創／金创

 

Further reading

• “Entry #8183”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

創

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. injury, wound
2. originate, start

Readings

From Middle Chinese 創 (MC tsrhjang, “injury, wound”):

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: きず (kizu, 創); きずつける (kizutsukeru, 創ける)

From Middle Chinese 創 (MC tsrhjangH, “originate, start”):

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: つくる (tsukuru, 創る, Jōyō); はじめる (hajimeru, 創める)
• Nanori: はじむ (hajimu)

Compounds

Compounds

• 創(そう)作(さく) (sōsaku, “create”)
• 創(そう)始(し) (sōshi, “initiating”)
• 創(そう)唱(しょう) (sōshō)
• 創(そう)造(ぞう) (sōzō, “creation”)
• 創(そう)世(せい) (sōsei, “creation of the world”)
• 創(そう)薬(やく) (sōyaku, “drug creation”)
• 開(かい)創(そう) (kaisō, “initial opening”)
• 挫(ざ)創(そう) (zasō, “bruise”)
• 射(しゃ)創(そう) (shasō, “gunshot wound”)
• 刃(じん)創(そう) (jinsō)
• 打(だ)撲(ぼく)創(そう) (dabokusō)
• 刀(とう)創(そう) (tōsō, “sword wound”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
創
そう Grade: 6
kan’on

/t͡ʃau/ → /sau/ → /sɔː/ → /soː/

From Middle Chinese 創 (MC tsrhjang|tsrhjangH).

Proper noun

創(そう) • (Sō) ^{←さう (sau)?}

1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
創
つくる Grade: 6
irregular

Nominalization of verb 創る (tsukuru, “to create (new things)”).

Proper noun

創(つくる) • (Tsukuru) 

1. a female given name

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
創
はじめ Grade: 6
irregular

Nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 始める (hajimeru, “to begin, start”).

Proper noun

創(はじめ) • (Hajime) 

1. a female given name

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 創 (MC tsrhjangH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 차ᇰ〮 (Yale: cháng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 창 (chang)訓 (Yale: chang) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠(ː)ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [창(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

創 (eumhun 비롯할 창 (birothal chang))

1. Hanja form^? of 창 (“to start; to originate”).
2. Hanja form^? of 창 (“unique; special; creative”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 창출 (創出, changchul)
• 창조 (創造, changjo)
• 창업 (創業, chang'eop)
• 창의 (創意, chang'ui)
• 창제 (創製, changje)
• 거창 (巨創, geochang)
• 독창 (獨創, dokchang)
• 창작 (創作, changjak)
• 창설 (創設, changseol)
• 창간 (創刊, changgan)
• 창시 (創始, changsi)
• 창건 (創建, changgeon)
• 창립 (創立, changnip)
• 창당 (創黨, changdang)
• 창초 (創祖, changcho)
• 창사 (創社, changsa)
• 창안 (創案, chang'an)
• 창견 (創見, changgyeon)
• 창군 (創軍, changgun)
• 창성 (創成, changseong)
• 창세 (創世, changse)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 創 (MC tsrhjang).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 차ᇰ (Yale: chang) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [창]

Hanja

創 (eumhun 다칠 창 (dachil chang))

1. Hanja form^? of 창 (“damage; wound”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 창이 (創痍, chang'i)
• 창상 (創傷, changsang)
• 도창 (刀創, dochang)
• 상창 (傷創, sangchang)
• 자창 (刺創, jachang)
• 탄창 (彈創, tanchang)
• 교창 (咬創, gyochang)
• 인창 (刃創, inchang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

創: Hán Nôm readings: sáng, sang

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.