From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:
U+541F, 吟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-541F

[U+541E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5420]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 30, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口人戈弓 (ROIN), four-corner 68027, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3330
  • Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 591, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+541F

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms



Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms): semantic + phonetic (OC *krɯm).

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (31) (31)
Final () (140) (140)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter ngim ngimH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋˠiɪm/ /ŋˠiɪmH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋᵚim/ /ŋᵚimH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiem/ /ŋiemH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋjim/ /ŋjimH/
Li
Rong
/ŋjəm/ /ŋjəmH/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭĕm/ /ŋĭĕmH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯əm/ /ŋi̯əmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yín yìn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ngam4 ngam6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yín
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngim ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-qʰ(r)[ə]m/
English chant, intone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6618 6620
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋɡrɯm/ /*ŋɡrɯms/

Definitions[edit]

  1. to recite; to chant
  2. to groan
  3. (literature) a type of poetry
  4. (of animals) to cry; to call

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eum) (hangeul , revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Tày[edit]

Han character[edit]

(transliteration needed)

  1. Nôm form of gằm.

References[edit]

  • Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎[2] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Việt readings: ngâm ((ngư)(âm)(thiết))[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: ngẫm[1][2][3][4], ngậm[1][2][3][4], ngâm[1][2][3], cầm[1][2], ngắm[1][3], gầm[1][3], gặm[3][4], gẫm[3][4], ngăm[3][4], ngăn[3][4], câm[1], căm[1], cằm[1], ngầm[1], ngẩm[3], ngợm[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of ngâm (to recite; to read in a singing voice).

References[edit]