妨

妨 U+59A8, 妨 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59A8 ← 妧 [U+59A7] CJK Unified Ideographs 妩 → [U+59A9]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

妨 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女卜竹尸 (VYHS), four-corner 4042₇, composition ⿰女方)

Derived characters

• 𬜹

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 257, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6111
• Dae Jaweon: page 522, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1033, character 4
• Unihan data for U+59A8

Chinese

trad.		妨
simp. #		妨
alternative forms		㤃

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
縍	*paːŋ
榜	*paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡	*paːŋʔ, *braːŋ
牓	*paːŋʔ
螃	*paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒	*paːŋs, *braːŋ
舫	*paːŋs, *paŋs
謗	*paːŋs
雱	*pʰaːŋ
磅	*pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ
霶	*pʰaːŋ
滂	*pʰaːŋ
鎊	*pʰaːŋ
髈	*pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ
彷	*baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ
趽	*baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs
房	*baːŋ, *baŋ
篣	*baːŋ, *braːŋ
騯	*baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍	*baːŋ, *baːŋs
膀	*baːŋ
旁	*baːŋ
徬	*baːŋs
閍	*praːŋ
祊	*praːŋ
嗙	*praːŋ
方	*paŋ, *baŋ
汸	*paŋ
坊	*paŋ, *baŋ
邡	*paŋ, *pʰaŋs
枋	*paŋ
鈁	*paŋ
蚄	*paŋ
肪	*paŋ, *baŋ
鴋	*paŋ, *baŋ
牥	*paŋ
昉	*paŋʔ
瓬	*paŋʔ
放	*paŋʔ, *paŋs
倣	*paŋʔ
芳	*pʰaŋ
淓	*pʰaŋ
妨	*pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs
紡	*pʰaŋʔ
仿	*pʰaŋʔ
髣	*pʰaŋʔ
鶭	*pʰaŋʔ
訪	*pʰaŋs
防	*baŋ, *baŋs
魴	*baŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs) : semantic 女 + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ). 方 also once bore the now-obsolete meaning of "take up" (space), which can explain the meaning of this character as being "to obstruct someone from approaching a woman".

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fáng (fang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fong⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fòng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fong²

• Eastern Min (BUC): huòng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hóng / hông / hong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huang⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fáng
    • Wade–Giles: fang²
    • Yale: fáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farng
    • Palladius: фан (fan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fong⁴
    • Yale: fòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: fong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: fongˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fong²
    • Sinological IPA: /foŋ¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fong²
    • Sinological IPA: /fɔŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huoŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóng
    • Tâi-lô: hóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: horng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
    • Tâi-lô: hông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong
    • Tâi-lô: hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: phjang, phjangH

Rime
Character	妨	妨
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	敷方切	敷亮切
Baxter	phjang	phjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰʉɐŋ/	/pʰʉɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷiɐŋ/	/pʰʷiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuɑŋ/	/pʰiuɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuaŋ/	/pʰuaŋH/
Li Rong	/pʰiuaŋ/	/pʰiuaŋH/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwaŋ/	/pʰĭwaŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰiwaŋ/	/pʰiwaŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fāng	fàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong1	fong3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaŋ/, /*pʰaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妨
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fáng
Middle Chinese	‹ phjang ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰaŋ/
English	oppose
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妨	妨
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3043	3050
Phonetic component	方	方
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	芳	訪
Old Chinese	/*pʰaŋ/	/*pʰaŋs/

Definitions

妨

1. to hinder; to impede; to obstruct; to disturb
2. (often in the negative) to harm; to damage

Compounds

• 不妨 (bùfáng)
• 不妨事
• 不妨頭／不妨头
• 不相妨礙／不相妨碍
• 何妨
• 利己妨人
• 好事多妨
• 妨功害能
• 妨害 (fánghài)
• 妨害治安
• 妨害自由
• 妨害風化／妨害风化
• 妨止
• 妨殺／妨杀
• 妨礙／妨碍 (fáng'ài)
• 才廣妨身／才广妨身
• 望門妨／望门妨
• 無妨／无妨 (wúfáng)

 

Japanese

Kanji

妨

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. disturb

Readings

• Go-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
• Kun: さまたげる (samatageru, 妨げる, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

妨 (eumhun 방해할 방 (banghaehal bang))

1. Hanja form^? of 방 (“interfere with, impede, obstruct”).

Vietnamese

Han character

妨: Hán Nôm readings: phòng, phương

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation