往

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See also: 徃 and 住
往 U+5F80, 往
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F80
← 彿
[U+5F7F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 征 →
[U+5F81]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character[edit]

往 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹人卜土 (HOYG), four-corner 20214, composition ⿰彳主)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 365, character 32
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10073
  • Dae Jaweon: page 685, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 817, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5F80

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 往
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (往) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
暀 *ɢʷaŋs, *ɢʷaŋʔ, *ɢʷaŋs
誑 *kʷaŋs, *ɡʷaŋ, *kʷaŋs
枉 *qʷaŋʔ
往 *ɢʷaŋ

Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷaŋ) : semantic 止 (“foot”) + phonetic 王 (OC *ɢʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs). Later 彳 was added to form phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷaŋ) : semantic 彳 (“walk”) + semantic 止 (“foot”) + phonetic 王 (OC *ɢʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs).

The 止 and 王 have since fused into 㞷 and now 主.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 往
alternative forms
 
徃
𢓸
㞷
𢔎
迬
徃
𢓸
㞷
𢔎
迬
𨓹
徍
𧗧

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-wa-ŋ (“to go; to come”). Cognate with Burmese ဝင် (wang, “to come in; to enter”), Tibetan འོང ('ong, “to come”), ཡོང (yong, “to come”). Related to 于 (OC *ɢʷa, “to go”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: wàng - used as a preposition, not used in compounds. Also written as 望 (wàng).
Note:
  • óng - literary;
  • éng - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 往 (來往)
Mandarin Beijing /uɑŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /uaŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /vɑŋ¹³/
Jinan /vaŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /vaŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /uaŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /vaŋ⁵³/
Xining /uɔ̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /vɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /vɑ̃⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /vɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /uaŋ⁴²/
Chengdu /uaŋ⁵³/
Guiyang /uaŋ⁴²/
Kunming /uã̠⁵³/
Nanjing /uaŋ²¹²/
Hefei /uɑ̃²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /vɒ̃⁵³/
Pingyao /uɑŋ⁵³/
/uə⁵³/ ～南
Hohhot /vɑ̃⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /uɑ̃³⁵/
Suzhou /uɑ̃⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ʔuɑŋ⁵³/
Wenzhou /jyɔ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /o³⁵/
Tunxi /au³¹/
Xiang Changsha /uan⁴¹/
Xiangtan /uɔn⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /uɔŋ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /voŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /voŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɔŋ²³/
Nanning /wɔŋ²⁴/
Hong Kong /wɔŋ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ɔŋ⁵³/
/iŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /uoŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /uaŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /uaŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /uaŋ²¹³/
Rime
Character 往
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 陽 (106)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 于兩切
Baxter hjwangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦʉɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦʷiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣiuɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦuaŋX/
Li
Rong 		/ɣiuaŋX/
Wang
Li 		/ɣĭwaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/iwaŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wǎng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wong5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 往
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		wǎng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hjwangX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢʷaŋʔ/
English go to

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 往
Reading # 1/1
No. 12760
Phonetic
component 		往
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		往
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢʷaŋ/
Notes 甲文乃從止王聲

Definitions[edit]

往

  1. to go to; to head for
    往返  ―  wǎngfǎn  ―  to travel to and from
  2. to; towards
    上海飛往北京的航班 [MSC, trad.]
    上海飞往北京的航班 [MSC, simp.]
    Shànghǎi fēi wǎng Běijīng de hángbān [Pinyin]
    a flight from Shanghai to Beijing
    我往右拐的。  ―  Wǒ wǎng yòu guǎi de.  ―  I turned right.
    不要往河裡扔石頭。 [MSC, trad.]
    不要往河里扔石头。 [MSC, simp.]
    Bùyào wǎng hé lǐ rēng shítóu. [Pinyin]
    Don't throw rocks into the river.
    他們往小鎮方向去了。 [MSC, trad.]
    他们往小镇方向去了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tāmen wǎng xiǎo zhèn fāngxiàng qù le. [Pinyin]
    They made their way toward the town.
  3. past; previous
    往事  ―  wǎngshì  ―  past events
    往昔  ―  wǎngxī  ―  in the past
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 往

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

往

  1. (Hakka) towards
Usage notes[edit]

It is used after a verb and before a directional term, such as 上 (“up”), 下 (“down”), 出 (“out”).

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 往
Kyūjitai
[1][2][3]
往󠄁
往+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
往󠄃
往+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

往

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
往
おう
Grade: 5
on’yomi

*/waŋ/ → /wau/ → /ɔː/ → /oː/

From Middle Chinese 往 (MC hjwangX).

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

往(おう) • (ō) ←わう (wau)?

  1. to go to, to head for
  2. past, previous

References[edit]

  1. ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “往”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
  2. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 822 (paper), page 461 (digital)
  3. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 520 (paper), page 273 (digital)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

往 (eumhun 갈 왕 (gal wang))

  1. Hanja form? of 왕 (“to go to”).

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

往: Hán Nôm readings: vãng, vạng, vảng, vởn, váng, vãn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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