悔

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悔 U+6094, 悔
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6094
← 悓
[U+6093] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 悕 →
[U+6095]

悔 U+FA3D, 悔
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA3D
← 屮
[U+FA3C] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 慨 →
[U+FA3E]
悔 U+2F8A3, 悔
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8A3
← 㤜
[U+2F8A2] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𢛔 →
[U+2F8A4]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

悔 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+7 in Chinese, 心+6 in Japanese, 10 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 心人田卜 (POWY), four-corner 98055, composition ⿰忄每(GHTKV) or ⿰忄毎(J))

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 387, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10617
  • Dae Jaweon: page 719, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2305, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+6094

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 悔
alternative forms 𢙽 historical variant
𠧩 ancient form

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
脢 *mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
挴 *mlɯːʔ, *mɯːʔ
海 *hmlɯːʔ
毐 *ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ
呣 *mɯ
拇 *mɯʔ
母 *mɯʔ
胟 *mɯʔ
姆 *mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ
畮 *mɯʔ
踇 *mɯʔ
苺 *mɯs, *mɯːʔ, *mɯːs
莓 *mɯs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
敏 *mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ
鰵 *mrɯŋʔ
慜 *mrɯŋʔ
毋 *ma
梅 *mɯː
酶 *mɯː
鋂 *mɯː
每 *mɯːʔ
毎 *mɯːs
痗 *mɯːs, *hmɯːs
晦 *hmɯːs
誨 *hmɯːs
悔 *hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs
霉 *mrɯl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 每 (OC *mɯːʔ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • Taiwan:
    • hóe - literary;
    • húi - vernacular.
Rime
Character 悔 悔
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 曉 (32) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 灰 (42) 灰 (42)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 呼罪切 荒内切
Baxter xwojX xwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/huʌiX/ /huʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/huoiX/ /huoiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xuɒiX/ /xuɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hwəjX/ /hwəjH/
Li
Rong 		/xuᴀiX/ /xuᴀiH/
Wang
Li 		/xuɒiX/ /xuɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/xuɑ̆iX/ /xuɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		huǐ huì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fui2 fui3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 悔
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		huǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xwojX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m̥ˁəʔ/
English regret, repent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 悔 悔
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 9318 9319
Phonetic
component 		母 母
Rime
group 		之 之
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		賄
Old
Chinese 		/*hmɯːʔ/ /*hmɯːs/

Definitions[edit]

悔

  1. (literary, or in compounds) to repent; to show remorse; to regret

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 悔
Kyūjitai
[1]
悔
&#xFA3D;
or
悔+&#xFE00;?
悔󠄀
悔+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
悔󠄃
悔+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

悔

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 悔)

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
悔
かい
Grade: S
kan’on
Alternative spelling
悔 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 悔 (MC xwojX|xwojH).

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

悔(かい) • (kai) ←くわい (kwai)?

  1. to repent, regret

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
悔
くい
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
悔 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 悔 – see the following entry.
【くい】
[noun] regret
[verb] imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of くいる (kuiru) [ichidan]
Alternative spelling
悔い
(This term, 悔, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.)

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
悔
くやみ
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
悔 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 悔 – see the following entry.
【くやみ】
[noun] regret
[noun] (usually prefixed as おくやみ) condolence
[verb] stem or continuative form of くやむ (kuyamu) [godan]
Alternative spellings
悔やみ, 悔み
(This term, 悔, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.)

References[edit]

  1. ^ “悔”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

悔 • (hoe) (hangeul 회, revised hoe, McCune–Reischauer hoe, Yale hoy)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

悔: Hán Nôm readings: hối, húi, mủi, hỗi, hoải

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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