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U+670D, 服
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-670D

[U+670C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+670E]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 74, +4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月尸中水 (BSLE), four-corner 77247, composition 𠬝)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 505, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14345
  • Dae Jaweon: page 883, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2053, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+670D

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *bɯɡ): semantic (tray) + phonetic 𠬝 (*[b]ək, to subdue) – to serve. 凡 here has been corrupted into and subsequently .

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • fú - usual pronunciation;
  • fù - only in the sense “dose”.
  • Cantonese
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Note:
    • hŭk - literary;
    • hók - vernacular (“dose”).
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • “clothes; to serve; to submit; classifier”.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /fu³⁵/
    Harbin /fu²⁴/
    Tianjin /fu⁴⁵/
    Jinan /fu⁴²/
    Qingdao /fu⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /fu²⁴/
    Xi'an /fu²⁴/
    Xining /fv̩²⁴/
    Yinchuan /fu¹³/
    Lanzhou /fu⁵³/
    Ürümqi /fu⁵¹/
    Wuhan /fu²¹³/
    Chengdu /fu³¹/
    Guiyang /fu²¹/
    Kunming /fu³¹/
    Nanjing /fuʔ⁵/
    Hefei /fəʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /fəʔ⁵⁴/
    Pingyao /xuʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /fəʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /voʔ¹/
    Suzhou /voʔ³/
    Hangzhou /voʔ²/
    Wenzhou /fu²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /fu²²/
    Tunxi /fu¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /fu²⁴/
    Xiangtan /ɸu²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /fuʔ²/
    Hakka Meixian /fuk̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /fuk̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /fok̚²/
    Nanning /fuk̚²²/
    Hong Kong /fuk̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hɔk̚⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xu⁴⁴/ 舒~
    /xu²⁴/ ~從
    Shantou (Teochew) /hok̚⁵/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /fok̚³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (3)
    Final () (4)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter bjuwk
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /bɨuk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /biuk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /biuk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /buwk̚/
    Li
    Rong
    /biuk̚/
    Wang
    Li
    /bĭuk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /bʱi̯uk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    fuk6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ bjuwk › ‹ bjuwk › ‹ bjuwk › ‹ bjuwX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[b]ək/ /*[b]ək/ /*[b]ək/ /*[b]əʔ/
    English quiver (n.) garment; wear (v.) subdue, submit box of a carriage

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3366
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*bɯɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. clothes; garment; dress
        ―    ―  clothes
        ―  xiào  ―  school uniform
    2. mourning dress; mourning apparel
    3. to wear; to put on (clothes)
    4. to take; to eat
        ―  yào  ―  to take medicine
        ―  yòng  ―  to take medicine
        ―    ―  to take poison
      每日  ―  Měirì sān cì.  ―  Take it three times a day.
    5. to serve; to be engaged in
        ―    ―  customer service
      兵役  ―  bīngyì  ―  to serve in the army
        ―  xíng  ―  to serve a sentence
    6. to submit; to agree; to accept; to obey; to be convinced
        ―    ―  to refuse to accept
    7. Used to express defeat even though one is not convinced of the opposing arguments
        ―  le nǐ le.  ―  You win.
      真係 [Cantonese, trad.]
      真系 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 zan1 hai6 fuk6 zo2 nei5. [Jyutping]
      Come on, I surrender.
    8. to convince; to persuade
    9. to be accustomed to
    10. (gaming) Short for 伺服器 (sìfúqì); server
    11. (historical) inner pair of horses among the four that pull an imperial carriage
    12. Classifier for doses for TCM regimens.
    13. a surname: Fu

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (to obey):

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (ふく) (fuku)
    • Korean: 복(服) (bok)
    • Vietnamese: phục ()

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai
    Kyūjitai
    [1]

    服󠄁
    +&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    服󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. clothing
    2. an amount equal to one swallow (act of swallowing), a gulp
    3. obey

    Readings[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC bjuwk); compare Mandarin (fú, fù):

    From Middle Chinese; compare Mandarin ():

    From native Japanese roots:

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Counter[edit]

    (ふく) (-fuku

    1. an amount equal to one swallow:
      1. doses of medicine
      2. gulps of tea
      3. puffs of tobacco

    Noun[edit]

    (ふく) (fuku

    1. clothes

    Synonyms[edit]

    Derived terms[edit]

    Suffix[edit]

    (ふく) (-fuku

    1. clothes

    References[edit]

    1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1090 (paper), page 596 (digital)
    2. ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun (ot bok))

    1. Hanja form? of (clothes, clothing).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: phục[1]

    1. (only in compounds) clothing, clothes
    2. to submit, to serve, to obey
    3. to admire, to esteem

    References[edit]