治

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治 U+6CBB, 治
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CBB
← 沺
[U+6CBA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 沼 →
[U+6CBC]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character[edit]

治 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水戈口 (EIR), four-corner 33160, composition ⿰氵台)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 614, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17256
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1007, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1599, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6CBB

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 治
alternative forms 𣳮

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (台) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
胎 *l̥ʰɯː
台 *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ
邰 *l̥ʰɯː
鮐 *l̥ʰɯː, *lɯ
孡 *l̥ʰɯː
苔 *l'ɯː
抬 *l'ɯː
駘 *l'ɯː, *l'ɯːʔ
炱 *l'ɯː
菭 *l'ɯː, *l'i
跆 *l'ɯː
殆 *l'ɯːʔ
怠 *l'ɯːʔ
迨 *l'ɯːʔ
紿 *l'ɯːʔ
詒 *l'ɯːʔ, *lɯ
軩 *l'ɯːʔ
咍 *hlɯː
佁 *lɯːʔ, *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯʔ
枲 *slɯʔ
辝 *ljɯ
鈶 *ljɯʔ
笞 *l̥ʰɯ
齝 *l̥ʰɯ, *hljɯ
眙 *l̥ʰɯs, *lɯ
治 *l'ɯ, *l'ɯs, *l'is
始 *hljɯʔ
怡 *lɯ
貽 *lɯ
飴 *lɯ
瓵 *lɯ
珆 *li

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯ, *l'ɯs, *l'is) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 台 (OC *l̥ʰɯː, *l'ɯː, *l'ɯː, *lɯ) — name of a river.

Etymology 1[edit]

Sagart (1999) relates it to 釐 (OC *rɯ, “to govern; to regulate”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: chí - literary pronunciation used in 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì), 治國／治国 (zhìguó), etc..
Note: ci4 - used in 治家, 治國, etc..
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 治
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹/
Qingdao /tʃz̩⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³¹²/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩¹³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡sz̩³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sz̩¹³/
Guiyang /t͡sz̩²¹³/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹²/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sz̩⁴⁵/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩ʷ³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zz̩²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Taoyuan /tʃʰï⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡si²²/
Nanning /t͡si²²/
Hong Kong /t͡si²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ti²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tɛi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ti³³/
/ti⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /ti³¹/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡si³³/
Rime
Character 治 治 治
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 澄 (11) 澄 (11) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 之 (19) 脂 (17) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) III III III
Fanqie 直之切 直利切 直吏切
Baxter dri drijH driH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖɨ/ /ɖˠiɪH/ /ɖɨH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖɨ/ /ɖᵚiH/ /ɖɨH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡie/ /ȡiɪH/ /ȡieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖɨ/ /ɖjiH/ /ɖɨH/
Li
Rong 		/ȡiə/ /ȡjiH/ /ȡiəH/
Wang
Li 		/ȡĭə/ /ȡiH/ /ȡĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱi/ /ȡʱiH/ /ȡʱiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chí zhì zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ci4 zi6 zi6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 治 治
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chí zhì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dri › ‹ driH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.lrə/ /*lrə-s/
English regulate, arrange regulate, arrange

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 治 治 治
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 12288 12289 12302
Phonetic
component 		台 台 台
Rime
group 		之 之 脂
Rime
subdivision 		0 0 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		治 值 緻
Old
Chinese 		/*l'ɯ/ /*l'ɯs/ /*l'is/

Definitions[edit]

治

  1. to govern; to regulate; to administer
  2. to treat; to cure (disease)
  3. to exterminate; to kill
  4. to punish; to discipline; to teach someone a lesson
    哎呦！可有人治治這個賤貨了！ [MSC, trad.]
    哎呦！可有人治治这个贱货了！ [MSC, simp.]
    Āiyou! Kě yǒurén zhìzhi zhè ge jiànhuò le! [Pinyin]
    Ah! Finally there is someone to teach this nasty person a lesson!
  5. to research; to specialise in (a topic)
  6. socially stable
  7. (historical) seat of a local government
  8. political affairs
  9. a surname
Synonyms[edit]
  • (to treat):
  • (to punish):

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 治
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 直之切
Baxter dri
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖɨ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖɨ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ȡiə/
Wang
Li 		/ȡĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ci4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 治
Reading # 1/3
No. 12288
Phonetic
component 		台
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		治
Old
Chinese 		/*l'ɯ/

Definitions[edit]

治

  1. Ancient river name.

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

治

  1. Ancient river name.

Etymology 4[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

治

  1. (Cantonese) Short for 三文治 (“sandwich”).
    腿蛋治 [Cantonese]  ―  teoi2 daan6-2 zi6 [Jyutping]  ―  ham and egg sandwich

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

治

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. govern, regulate, administer, reign
  2. cure

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

治(おさむ) • (Osamu) 

  1. a male given name

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Hanja[edit]

治 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)

  1. to govern; to manage

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

治: Hán Nôm readings: trị, chệ, trịa

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Zhuang[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

治

  1. Sawndip form of ci
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