浸

浸 U+6D78, 浸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D78 ← 海 [U+6D77] CJK Unified Ideographs 浹 → [U+6D79]

浸 U+2F904, 浸 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F904 ← 浩 [U+2F903] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 涅 → [U+2F905]

Translingual

Han character

浸 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水尸一水 (ESME), four-corner 3714₇, composition ⿰氵𠬶)

Derived characters

• 𠺸, 𢟖, 寖, 蓡, 䆮, 𩅕, 薓, 寖, 𡩻, 𡫏, 䆮, 𥧲

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 625, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17505
• Dae Jaweon: page 1027, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1635, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6D78

• Unihan data for U+2F904

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (侵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鋟	*ʔsem, *sʰem, *sʰimʔ
綅	*sem, *ʔsim, *sʰim
祲	*ʔsim, *ʔsims
埐	*ʔsim, *zim
梫	*ʔsim, *sʰimʔ, *sʰrim
濅	*ʔsimʔ, *ʔsims
浸	*ʔsims, *sʰim
侵	*sʰim
駸	*sʰim, *sʰrim
寢	*sʰimʔ
寑	*sʰimʔ
薓	*srim

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsims, *sʰim) : semantic 水 + phonetic 𡩠 ().

Etymology 1

trad.		浸
simp. #		浸
2nd round simp.		𪫆
alternative forms		濅 寖 𥧲 𣹰 㴆 濅 寖 𥧲 𣹰 㴆 䆮 𣹦

Cognate with Burmese စိမ် (cim, “to steep; to soak”), Burmese စိမ့် (cim., “to seep; to ooze”) (Schuessler, 2007). Probably unrelated to 沉 (OC *l'um).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìn (jin⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zam³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): dim¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chim

  (Meixian, Guangdong): jim⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): céng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chìm

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zim³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵cin

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴
    • Yale: jìn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zam³
    • Yale: jam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzam³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zem³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐm³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: dim¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tim³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chim
    • Hakka Romanization System: jim
    • Hagfa Pinyim: jim⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sim⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: jim⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sim⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: céng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛiŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chìm
    • Tâi-lô: tsìm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cixm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sim²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sim⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sim²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sim¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sim²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zim³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsìm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sim²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵cin
    • MiniDict: cin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²jin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsimH

Rime
Character	浸
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	子鴆切
Baxter	tsimH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siɪmH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡simH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjemH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡simH/
Li Rong	/t͡siəmH/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭĕmH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si̯əmH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zam3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsims/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	浸
Reading #	1/2
No.	10482
Phonetic component	侵
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	浸
Old Chinese	/*ʔsims/
Notes	說文作濅

Definitions

浸

1. to soak; to sit in water (or liquid)
2. to immerse something in water (or liquid)
3. (literary) gradually

Synonyms

• (to soak):

• 泡 (pào)
• 浸泡 (jìnpào)
• 浸漬／浸渍 (jìnzì)
• 浸潯／浸浔 (qīnyín) (literary)

 

• (to immerse): 滲入／渗入 (shènrù), 滲透／渗透 (shèntòu)
• (gradually):

• 慢慢
• 步步 (bùbù)
• 浸漸／浸渐 (jìnjiàn) (literary)
• 浸潯／浸浔 (qīnyín) (literary)
• 漸次／渐次 (jiàncì)
• 漸漸／渐渐 (jiànjiàn)
• 稍稍 (shāoshāo)
• 逐步 (zhúbù)
• 逐漸／逐渐 (zhújiàn)

 

Compounds

• 受浸 (shòujìn)
• 巨浸
• 施浸 (shījìn)
• 沉浸 (chénjìn)
• 浸信會／浸信会 (Jìnxìnhuì)
• 浸入 (jìnrù)
• 浸劑／浸剂
• 浸微
• 浸微浸消
• 浸染 (jìnrǎn)
• 浸死
• 浸水 (jìnshuǐ)
• 浸泡 (jìnpào)
• 浸浴 (jìnyù)
• 浸漬／浸渍 (jìnzì)
• 浸漸／浸渐 (jìnjiàn)
• 浸潤／浸润 (jìnrùn)
• 浸潤之譖／浸润之谮
• 浸濕／浸湿 (jìnshī)
• 浸禮／浸礼 (jìnlǐ)
• 浸禮會／浸礼会
• 浸種／浸种 (jìnzhǒng)
• 浸膏
• 浸蝕／浸蚀 (jìnshí)
• 浸製／浸制
• 浸透 (jìntòu)
• 濕浸浸／湿浸浸

 

Etymology 2

trad.		浸
simp. #		浸
alternative forms		濅 寖 𥧲 𣹰 㴆 濅 寖 𥧲 𣹰 㴆 䆮 𣹦

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jìn, qīn (jin⁴, qin¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ, ㄑㄧㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cam¹, zam³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
    • Wade–Giles: chin⁴
    • Yale: jìn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cin
    • Wade–Giles: chʻin¹
    • Yale: chīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chin
    • Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cam¹, zam³
    • Yale: chām, jam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsam¹, dzam³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cem¹, zem³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵/, /t͡sɐm³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshim

Rime
Character	浸
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	七林切
Baxter	tshim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰim/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰjem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰim/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiəm/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cam1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰim/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	浸
Reading #	2/2
No.	10485
Phonetic component	侵
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	侵
Old Chinese	/*sʰim/

Definitions

浸

1. Used in compounds.

Compounds

• 浸凌
• 浸淫
• 浸漁／浸渔
• 浸潯／浸浔 (qīnyín)
• 浸潭
• 浸蠹

 

Etymology 3

trad.		浸
simp. #		浸
alternative forms		沉

From 沉 (MC drimH).

Pronunciation

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zam⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zim⁵

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zam⁶
    • Yale: jahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzam⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zem⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐm²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zim⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sim³²/

Definitions

浸

1. (Cantonese) to drown

Compounds

• 浸嚫／浸𰈍
• 浸底
• 浸死
• 浸豬籠／浸猪笼

 

Etymology 4

trad.		浸
simp. #		浸

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zam³

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zam³
    • Yale: jam
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzam³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zem³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐm³³/

Definitions

浸

1. (Cantonese) Classifier for layers/sections.

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 浸 – see 𠹻 (“classifier for smells (Cantonese)”). (This character is a variant form of 𠹻).

Japanese

Shinjitai	浸
Kyūjitai	浸󠄁 浸+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	浸󠄃 浸+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

浸

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. immersed
2. soak
3. dip
4. steep
5. moisten
6. wet
7. dunk

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)^{←しむ (simu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)^{←しむ (simu, historical)}
• Kun: ひたす (hitasu, 浸す, Jōyō); ひたる (hitaru, 浸る, Jōyō); したし (shitashi, 浸); しみる (shimiru, 浸みる); つかる (tsukaru, 浸かる); つける (tsukeru, 浸ける); やや (yaya, 浸); ようやく (yōyaku, 浸く)^{←やうやく (yauyaku, 浸く, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

浸 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, Yale chim)

1. soak, immerse, dip, percolate

Vietnamese

Han character

浸: Hán Nôm readings: tắm, rẫm, tẩm, thấm, thâm, trẫm, tẳm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation