添

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添 U+6DFB, 添
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DFB
← 淺
[U+6DFA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 淼 →
[U+6DFC]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

添 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水竹大心 (EHKP) or 水一大心 (EMKP), four-corner 32133, composition ⿰氵忝)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 632, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17698
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1039, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1639, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6DFB

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 添
alternative forms 沗

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (天) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
添 *tʰiːm
忝 *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms
悿 *tʰiːmʔ
舔 *l̥ʰiːmʔ
菾 *diːm
天 *qʰl'iːn
吞 *qʰl'iːn, *qʰl'ɯːn
祆 *qʰliːn
蚕 *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰiːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 忝 (OC *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms) – to increase by pouring more water in.

Etymology[edit]

Compare Proto-Tai *k.temᴬ (“full”), whence Thai เต็ม (dtem, “full”) (Manomaivibool, 1975).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • thiⁿ - vernacular;
  • thiam - literary.
Rime
Character 添
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 添 (157)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 他兼切
Baxter them
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰem/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰem/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɛm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰɛm/
Li
Rong 		/tʰem/
Wang
Li 		/tʰiem/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tʰiem/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		tim1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 添
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tiān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ them ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥ˁ[i]m/
English add

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 添
Reading # 1/1
No. 12381
Phonetic
component 		天
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		添
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰiːm/

Definitions[edit]

添

  1. to add; to increase; to supplement; to fill
    添新衣  ―  tiān xīn yī  ―  to buy new clothes
    不給別人添麻煩／不给别人添麻烦  ―  bù gěi biérén tiān máfan  ―  to not trouble others
  2. to give birth to (a baby)
  3. (Cantonese, Hakka, Wenzhounese) again; more
    Alternative forms: 㖭 (tim1) (Cantonese), 𠻹 (tim1) (Cantonese)
    唔該，要多兩碗白飯添吖！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    唔该，要多两碗白饭添吖！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    m4 goi1, jiu3 do1 loeng5 wun2 baak6 faan6 tim1 aa1! [Jyutping]
    Excuse me, two more bowls of steamed rice, please!
    橫掂仲有兩個鐘先上得機，再眠陣添都唔怕。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    横掂仲有两个钟先上得机，再眠阵添都唔怕。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    waang4 dim6 zung6 jau5 loeng5 go3 zung1 sin1 soeng5 dak1 gei1, zoi3 min4 zan6 tim1 dou1 m4 paa3. [Jyutping]
    Since there is still two hours before boarding anyway, there's no worry in napping a little more.
  4. (Cantonese) Particle expressing surprise (mirativity).
    Alternative forms: 㖭 (tim1) (Cantonese), 𠻹 (tim1) (Cantonese)
    我仲以為你係中國人添！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    我仲以为你系中国人添！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 zung6 ji5 wai4 nei5 hai6 zung1 gwok3 jan4 tim1! [Jyutping]
    And I thought you were Chinese!
    我唔記得嗮添！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    我唔记得嗮添！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 m4 gei3 dak1 saai3 tim1! [Jyutping]
    I'd totally forgotten!
    今日落雪添。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    gam1 jat6 lok6 syut3 tim1. [Jyutping]
    Oh, it's snowing today.
  5. (Taishanese) need to (do something); have to
    我橫掂都添去。 [Taishanese, trad.]
    我横掂都添去。 [Taishanese, simp.]
    I have to go anyway.
  6. a surname

Synonyms[edit]

  • (to add): 加 (jiā), (colloquial) 續／续 (xù)
  • (again):
Dialectal synonyms of 再 (“again”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 再
Mandarin Beijing 再
Taiwan 再
Jinan 再
Xi'an 再
Wuhan 再
Chengdu 又, 再
Yangzhou 再
Hefei 再
Cantonese Guangzhou 再, 添 >
Hong Kong 再, 添 >
Yangjiang 應
Gan Nanchang 再, 湊 >
Hakka Meixian 再, 添 >
Jin Taiyuan 再
Northern Min Jian'ou 再, 唵
Eastern Min Fuzhou 再, 蓋, 介
Fuqing 介
Southern Min Xiamen 閣, 閣再
Quanzhou 閣, 閣再
Zhangzhou 閣, 閣再
Tainan 閣, 閣再
Singapore (Hokkien) 閣, 閣再
Manila (Hokkien) 閣, 閣再, 過再, 閣過再
Chaozhou 再
Wu Shanghai 又, 再
Suzhou 再
Wenzhou 再, 添 >
Xiang Changsha 再
Shuangfeng 再, 還
Note > - used after the object

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • → Vietnamese: thêm

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

添

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to attach

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 添 (MC them). Recorded as Middle Korean 텸〮 (thyém) (Yale: thyem) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

添 (eumhun 더할 첨 (deohal cheom))

  1. Hanja form? of 첨 (“add”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

添: Hán Nôm readings: thêm, thiêm, thếch

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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