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See also:
U+6E6F, 湯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E6F

[U+6E6E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6E70]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 85, +9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水日一竹 (EAMH), four-corner 36127, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 638, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17874
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1045, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1674, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6E6F

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.
alternative forms “rushing current”

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ): semantic (water) + phonetic (OC *laŋ).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-la(w)ŋ (steam; hot (liquid)); compare Tibetan རླངས (rlangs, steam, vapour; steamy) (Bodman, 1980; STEDT).

Related to (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ, “basin for holding hot water for washing; wash basin”), (OC *laŋ, *laŋs, “to heat; to roast”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1[edit]


Note:
  • thng - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • thong - literary.
  • Wu

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /tʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
    Harbin /tʰaŋ⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /tʰɑŋ²¹/
    Jinan /tʰaŋ²¹³/
    Qingdao /tʰaŋ²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /tʰaŋ²⁴/
    Xi'an /tʰaŋ²¹/
    Xining /tʰɔ̃⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /tʰɑŋ⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /tʰɑ̃³¹/
    Ürümqi /tʰɑŋ⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /tʰaŋ⁵⁵/
    Kunming /tʰã̠⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /tʰaŋ³¹/
    Hefei /tʰɑ̃²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /tʰɒ̃¹¹/
    Pingyao /tʰɑŋ¹³/
    /tʰuə¹³/
    Hohhot /tʰɑ̃³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /tʰɑ̃⁵³/
    Suzhou /tʰɑ̃⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /tʰɑŋ³³/
    Wenzhou /tʰuɔ³³/
    Hui Shexian /tʰa³¹/
    Tunxi /tʰau¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /tʰan³³/
    Xiangtan /tʰɔn³³/
    Gan Nanchang /tʰɔŋ⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /tʰoŋ⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /tʰoŋ²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /tʰɔŋ⁵³/
    Nanning /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tʰɔŋ⁵⁵/
    /tʰŋ̍⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tʰouŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /tʰaŋ³³/
    /tʰɯŋ³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /haŋ²³/
    /ho²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial () (6)
    Final () (101)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter thang
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /tʰɑŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /tʰɑŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /tʰɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /tʰaŋ/
    Li
    Rong
    /tʰɑŋ/
    Wang
    Li
    /tʰɑŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /tʰɑŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    tāng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    tong1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3 3/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    tāng tāng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ thang › ‹ thang ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*l̥ˁaŋ/ /*r̥ˁaŋ/
    English hot liquid (proper name:) founder of Shāng dynasty

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 14552
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*l̥ʰaːŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. (literary or regional) hot or boiling water
      蹈火蹈火  ―  tāngdǎohuǒ  ―  to defy all difficulties and dangers (literally, “to go through boiling water and tread on fire”)
    2. broth; stock
        ―  gāotāng  ―  boullion
    3. soup; water in which something has been boiled; beverage
        ―  jiāng tāng  ―  ginger tea
      我們晚餐我们晚餐  ―  Wǒmen wǎncān hē tāng.  ―  We will have soup for dinner.
      元宵一起 [MSC, trad.]
      元宵一起 [MSC, simp.]
      Yuánxiāo yòng shuǐ zhǔ, suí tāng yīqǐ chī. [Pinyin]
      Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.
    4. decoction of medicinal herbs
        ―  bái hǔ tāng  ―  White Tiger Decoction
    5. hot spring
    6. (dialectal Mandarin) dinner; meal
      湯兒汤儿  ―  tāngr  ―  to have a meal [Central Mandarin]
    7. (Southern Min) pus
    8. Tang of Shang, founder of the Shang Dynasty of China
    9. a surname
        ―  Tāng Xiǎnzǔ  ―  Tang Xianzu (playwright of the Ming dynasty)
    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 2[edit]



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    Initial () (6)
    Final () (101)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter thangH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /tʰɑŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /tʰɑŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /tʰɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /tʰaŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /tʰɑŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /tʰɑŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /tʰɑŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    tàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    tong3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 14560
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*l̥ʰaːŋs/
    Notes

    Definitions[edit]

    1. Original form of (tàng, “to warm; to bathe or rinse in hot water”).
    2. to touch; to come in contact with
    3. to meet with
    4. Alternative form of (dàng, to wander; unconstrained)
    5. Used in 湯湯汤汤 (tàngtàng, “turbulent”).

    Pronunciation 3[edit]



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (26)
    Final () (105)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter syang
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɕɨɐŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɕiɐŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɕiɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɕɨaŋ/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɕiaŋ/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɕĭaŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɕi̯aŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    shāng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    soeng1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    shāng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ syang ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*l̥aŋ/
    English amply-flowing

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 14585
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*hljaŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. (of a river current) rushing; great; torrential
        ―  shāngshāng  ―  torrential

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 4[edit]


    Definitions[edit]

    1. Only used in 湯谷汤谷, alternative form of 暘谷旸谷

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yu.

    First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] Also used in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[2]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    () (yu

    1. warm or hot water
    2. bathwater
    3. a hot spring
    4. a medicinal bath
    5. a medicinal decoction
    6. bilgewater
    7. molten metal used in casting or founding
    8. urine
    Synonyms[edit]
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    ぶう
    Grade: 3
    irregular

    Baby talk.[1] Possibly onomatopoeic of a person blowing on a hot beverage.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (ぶう) (

    1. (childish, archaic) warm or hot water
    2. (childish, archaic) tea

    References[edit]

    1. 1.0 1.1 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
    2. ^
      c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 16, poem 3824:
      , text here
    3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 끓일 (kkeuril tang))

    1. Hanja form? of (hot water).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: thang[1][2][3][4], sương[3], thãng[3]
    : Nôm readings: than[4]

    1. (alternative medicine) chữ Hán form of thang (a dose of herbal medicine).
    2. (obsolete) chữ Hán form of thang (hot, boiling, or bubbling water).

    References[edit]