王

See also: 𤣩, 𡈼, 壬, 玉, and 主

王	U+738B, 王 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-738B

← 玊
[U+738A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

玌 →
[U+738C]

王	U+2F929, 王 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F929

← 獺
[U+2F928]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

㺬 →
[U+2F92A]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Stroke order (Japan)

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

王 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+-1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一土 (MG), four-corner 1010₄, composition ⿱一土)

Shuowen Jiezi radical №5

Derived characters[edit]

Appendix:Chinese radical/玉
仼, 㕵, 𡉠, 彺, 忹, 抂, 汪, 狂, 旺, 枉, 𤆦, 𥘛, 𮀍, 𮂴, 𥿁, 蚟, 𧥶, 𧴽, 軖, 𬫃, 𩵭, 迋, 尪, 尫, 㒬, 尩, 𪼷, 䶭, 𮨧, 頊 (顼), 鳿, 𰀤
兲, 丟, 弄, 𣅨, 𪳈, 主, 全, 𦍌, 呈, 𡭤, 㞷, 𦬬, 𭥕, 𭩜, 皇, 𦊄, 䍿, 𦤃, 望, 𩂊, 聖, 朢, 𭼆, 匡, 囯, 閏 (闰), 𪡅, 噩, 𧘦, 㝙, 寚, 㴏, 鬥

References[edit]

Kangxi Dictionary: page 727, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20823
Dae Jaweon: page 1137, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1099, character 10
Unihan data for U+738B

Unihan data for U+2F929

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		王
alternative forms		𠙻

Wikipedia has articles on:

王姓 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
Wang (surname) (English)

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 王

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Bronze inscriptions

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Chu slip and silk script

Qin slip script

Ancient script

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Oracle bone script**
File:ACC-j00555.svg j00555	File:ACC-j00556.svg j00556	File:ACC-j00557.svg j00557	File:ACC-j00558.svg j00558	File:ACC-j00559.svg j00559	File:ACC-j00560.svg j00560	File:ACC-j00561.svg j00561	File:ACC-j00562.svg j00562
File:ACC-j00563.svg j00563	File:ACC-j00564.svg j00564	File:ACC-j00565.svg j00565	File:ACC-j00566.svg j00566	File:ACC-j00567.svg j00567	File:ACC-j00568.svg j00568	File:ACC-j00569.svg j00569	File:ACC-j00570.svg j00570
File:ACC-j00571.svg j00571	File:ACC-j00572.svg j00572	File:ACC-j00573.svg j00573	File:ACC-j00574.svg j00574	File:ACC-j00575.svg j00575	File:ACC-j00576.svg j00576	File:ACC-j00577.svg j00577	File:ACC-j00578.svg j00578
File:ACC-j00579.svg j00579	File:ACC-j00580.svg j00580	File:ACC-j00581.svg j00581	File:ACC-j00582.svg j00582	File:ACC-j00583.svg j00583	File:ACC-j00584.svg j00584	File:ACC-j00585.svg j00585	File:ACC-j00586.svg j00586
File:ACC-j00587.svg j00587	File:ACC-j00588.svg j00588	File:ACC-j00589.svg j00589	File:ACC-j00590.svg j00590	File:ACC-j00591.svg j00591	File:ACC-j00592.svg j00592	File:ACC-j00593.svg j00593	File:ACC-j00594.svg j00594
File:ACC-j00595.svg j00595	File:ACC-j00596.svg j00596	File:ACC-j00597.svg j00597	File:ACC-j00598.svg j00598	File:ACC-j00599.svg j00599	File:ACC-j00600.svg j00600	File:ACC-j00601.svg j00601	File:ACC-j00602.svg j00602
File:ACC-j00603.svg j00603	File:ACC-j00604.svg j00604	File:ACC-j00605.svg j00605	File:ACC-j00606.svg j00606	File:ACC-j00607.svg j00607	File:ACC-j00608.svg j00608	File:ACC-j00609.svg j00609	File:ACC-j00610.svg j00610
File:ACC-j00611.svg j00611	File:ACC-j00612.svg j00612	File:ACC-j00613.svg j00613	File:ACC-j00614.svg j00614	File:ACC-j00615.svg j00615	File:ACC-j00616.svg j00616	File:ACC-j00617.svg j00617	File:ACC-j00618.svg j00618
File:ACC-j00619.svg j00619	File:ACC-j00620.svg j00620	File:ACC-j00621.svg j00621	File:ACC-j00622.svg j00622	File:ACC-j00623.svg j00623	File:ACC-j00624.svg j00624	File:ACC-j00625.svg j00625	File:ACC-j00626.svg j00626
File:ACC-j00627.svg j00627	File:ACC-j00628.svg j00628	File:ACC-j00629.svg j00629	File:ACC-j00630.svg j00630	File:ACC-j00631.svg j00631	File:ACC-j00632.svg j00632	File:ACC-j00633.svg j00633	File:ACC-j00634.svg j00634
File:ACC-j00635.svg j00635	File:ACC-j00636.svg j00636	File:ACC-j00637.svg j00637	File:ACC-j00638.svg j00638	File:ACC-j00639.svg j00639	File:ACC-j00640.svg j00640	File:ACC-j00641.svg j00641	File:ACC-j00642.svg j00642
File:ACC-j00643.svg j00643	File:ACC-j00644.svg j00644	File:ACC-j00645.svg j00645	File:ACC-j00646.svg j00646	File:ACC-j00647.svg j00647	File:ACC-j00648.svg j00648	File:ACC-j00649.svg j00649	File:ACC-j00650.svg j00650
File:ACC-j00651.svg j00651	File:ACC-j00652.svg j00652	File:ACC-j00653.svg j00653	File:ACC-j00654.svg j00654	File:ACC-j00655.svg j00655	File:ACC-j00656.svg j00656	File:ACC-j00657.svg j00657	File:ACC-j00658.svg j00658
File:ACC-j00659.svg j00659	File:ACC-j00660.svg j00660	File:ACC-j00661.svg j00661	File:ACC-j00662.svg j00662	File:ACC-j00663.svg j00663	File:ACC-j00664.svg j00664	File:ACC-j00665.svg j00665	File:ACC-j00666.svg j00666
File:ACC-j00667.svg j00667	File:ACC-j00668.svg j00668	File:ACC-j00669.svg j00669	File:ACC-j00670.svg j00670	File:ACC-j00671.svg j00671	File:ACC-j00672.svg j00672	File:ACC-j00673.svg j00673	File:ACC-j00674.svg j00674
File:ACC-j00675.svg j00675	File:ACC-j00676.svg j00676	File:ACC-j00677.svg j00677	File:ACC-j00678.svg j00678	File:ACC-j00679.svg j00679	File:ACC-j00680.svg j00680	File:ACC-j00681.svg j00681	File:ACC-j00682.svg j00682
File:ACC-j00683.svg j00683	File:ACC-j00684.svg j00684	File:ACC-j00685.svg j00685	File:ACC-j00686.svg j00686	File:ACC-j00687.svg j00687	File:ACC-j00688.svg j00688	File:ACC-j00689.svg j00689	File:ACC-j00690.svg j00690
File:ACC-j00691.svg j00691	File:ACC-j00692.svg j00692	File:ACC-j00693.svg j00693	File:ACC-j00694.svg j00694	File:ACC-j00695.svg j00695	File:ACC-j00696.svg j00696	File:ACC-j00697.svg j00697	File:ACC-j00698.svg j00698
File:ACC-j00699.svg j00699	File:ACC-j00700.svg j00700	File:ACC-j00701.svg j00701	File:ACC-j00702.svg j00702	File:ACC-j00703.svg j00703	File:ACC-j00704.svg j00704	File:ACC-j00705.svg j00705	File:ACC-j00706.svg j00706
File:ACC-j00707.svg j00707	File:ACC-j00708.svg j00708	File:ACC-j00709.svg j00709	File:ACC-j00710.svg j00710	File:ACC-j00711.svg j00711	File:ACC-j00712.svg j00712	File:ACC-j00713.svg j00713	File:ACC-j00714.svg j00714
File:ACC-j00715.svg j00715	File:ACC-j00716.svg j00716	File:ACC-j00717.svg j00717	File:ACC-j00718.svg j00718	File:ACC-j00719.svg j00719	File:ACC-j00720.svg j00720	File:ACC-j00721.svg j00721	File:ACC-j00722.svg j00722
File:ACC-j00723.svg j00723	File:ACC-j00724.svg j00724	File:ACC-j00725.svg j00725	File:ACC-j00726.svg j00726	File:ACC-j00727.svg j00727	File:ACC-j00728.svg j00728	File:ACC-j00729.svg j00729	File:ACC-j00730.svg j00730
File:ACC-j00731.svg j00731	File:ACC-j00732.svg j00732	File:ACC-j00733.svg j00733	File:ACC-j00734.svg j00734	File:ACC-j00735.svg j00735	File:ACC-j00736.svg j00736	File:ACC-j00737.svg j00737	File:ACC-j00738.svg j00738
File:ACC-j00739.svg j00739	File:ACC-j00740.svg j00740	File:ACC-j00741.svg j00741	File:ACC-j00742.svg j00742	File:ACC-j00743.svg j00743	File:ACC-j00744.svg j00744	File:ACC-j00745.svg j00745	File:ACC-j00746.svg j00746
File:ACC-j00747.svg j00747	File:ACC-j00748.svg j00748	File:ACC-j00749.svg j00749	File:ACC-j00750.svg j00750	File:ACC-j00751.svg j00751	File:ACC-j00752.svg j00752	File:ACC-j00753.svg j00753	File:ACC-j00754.svg j00754
File:ACC-j00755.svg j00755	File:ACC-j00756.svg j00756	File:ACC-j00757.svg j00757	File:ACC-j00758.svg j00758	File:ACC-j00759.svg j00759	File:ACC-j00760.svg j00760	File:ACC-j00761.svg j00761	File:ACC-j00762.svg j00762
File:ACC-j00763.svg j00763	File:ACC-j00764.svg j00764	File:ACC-j00765.svg j00765	File:ACC-j00766.svg j00766	File:ACC-j00767.svg j00767	File:ACC-j00768.svg j00768	File:ACC-j00769.svg j00769	File:ACC-j00770.svg j00770
File:ACC-j00771.svg j00771	File:ACC-j00772.svg j00772	File:ACC-j00773.svg j00773	File:ACC-j00774.svg j00774	File:ACC-j00775.svg j00775	File:ACC-j00776.svg j00776	File:ACC-j00777.svg j00777	File:ACC-j00778.svg j00778
File:ACC-j00779.svg j00779	File:ACC-j00780.svg j00780	File:ACC-j00781.svg j00781	File:ACC-j00782.svg j00782	File:ACC-j00783.svg j00783	File:ACC-j00784.svg j00784	File:ACC-j00785.svg j00785	File:ACC-j00786.svg j00786
File:ACC-j00787.svg j00787	File:ACC-j00788.svg j00788	File:ACC-j00789.svg j00789	File:ACC-j00790.svg j00790	File:ACC-j00791.svg j00791	File:ACC-j00792.svg j00792	File:ACC-j00793.svg j00793	File:ACC-j00794.svg j00794
File:ACC-j00795.svg j00795	File:ACC-j00796.svg j00796	File:ACC-j00797.svg j00797	File:ACC-j00798.svg j00798	File:ACC-j00799.svg j00799	File:ACC-j00800.svg j00800	File:ACC-j00801.svg j00801	File:ACC-j00802.svg j00802
File:ACC-j00803.svg j00803	File:ACC-j00804.svg j00804	File:ACC-j00805.svg j00805	File:ACC-j00806.svg j00806	File:ACC-j00807.svg j00807	File:ACC-j00808.svg j00808	File:ACC-j00809.svg j00809	File:ACC-j00810.svg j00810
File:ACC-j00811.svg j00811	File:ACC-j00812.svg j00812	File:ACC-j00813.svg j00813	File:ACC-j00814.svg j00814	File:ACC-j00815.svg j00815	File:ACC-j00816.svg j00816	File:ACC-j00817.svg j00817	File:ACC-j00818.svg j00818
File:ACC-j00819.svg j00819	File:ACC-j00820.svg j00820	File:ACC-j00821.svg j00821	File:ACC-j00822.svg j00822	File:ACC-j00823.svg j00823	File:ACC-j00824.svg j00824

**Bronze inscriptions**
File:ACC-b00376.svg b00376	File:ACC-b00377.svg b00377	File:ACC-b00378.svg b00378	File:ACC-b00379.svg b00379	File:ACC-b00380.svg b00380	File:ACC-b00381.svg b00381	File:ACC-b00382.svg b00382	File:ACC-b00383.svg b00383
File:ACC-b00384.svg b00384	File:ACC-b00385.svg b00385	File:ACC-b00386.svg b00386	File:ACC-b00387.svg b00387	File:ACC-b00388.svg b00388	File:ACC-b00389.svg b00389	File:ACC-b00390.svg b00390	File:ACC-b00391.svg b00391
File:ACC-b00392.svg b00392	File:ACC-b00393.svg b00393	File:ACC-b00394.svg b00394	File:ACC-b00395.svg b00395	File:ACC-b00396.svg b00396	File:ACC-b00397.svg b00397	File:ACC-b00398.svg b00398	File:ACC-b00399.svg b00399
File:ACC-b00400.svg b00400	File:ACC-b00401.svg b00401	File:ACC-b00402.svg b00402	File:ACC-b00403.svg b00403	File:ACC-b00404.svg b00404	File:ACC-b00405.svg b00405	File:ACC-b00406.svg b00406	File:ACC-b00407.svg b00407
File:ACC-b00408.svg b00408	File:ACC-b00409.svg b00409	File:ACC-b00410.svg b00410	File:ACC-b00411.svg b00411	File:ACC-b00412.svg b00412	File:ACC-b00413.svg b00413	File:ACC-b00414.svg b00414	File:ACC-b00415.svg b00415
File:ACC-b00416.svg b00416	File:ACC-b00417.svg b00417	File:ACC-b00418.svg b00418	File:ACC-b00419.svg b00419	File:ACC-b00420.svg b00420	File:ACC-b00421.svg b00421	File:ACC-b00422.svg b00422	File:ACC-b00423.svg b00423
File:ACC-b00424.svg b00424	File:ACC-b00425.svg b00425	File:ACC-b00426.svg b00426	File:ACC-b00427.svg b00427	File:ACC-b00428.svg b00428	File:ACC-b00429.svg b00429	File:ACC-b00430.svg b00430	File:ACC-b00431.svg b00431
File:ACC-b00432.svg b00432	File:ACC-b00433.svg b00433	File:ACC-b00434.svg b00434	File:ACC-b00435.svg b00435	File:ACC-b00436.svg b00436	File:ACC-b00437.svg b00437	File:ACC-b00438.svg b00438	File:ACC-b00439.svg b00439
File:ACC-b00440.svg b00440	File:ACC-b00441.svg b00441	File:ACC-b00442.svg b00442	File:ACC-b00443.svg b00443	File:ACC-b00444.svg b00444	File:ACC-b00445.svg b00445	b00446	b00447
b00448	b00449	File:ACC-b00450.svg b00450	b00451	File:ACC-b00452.svg b00452	b00453	b00454	File:ACC-b00455.svg b00455

**Small seal script**
s00099	s00100

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
File:ACC-L32854.svg L32854	File:ACC-L32855.svg L32855	File:ACC-L32856.svg L32856	File:ACC-L32857.svg L32857	File:ACC-L32853.svg L32853	File:ACC-L09781.svg L09781	File:ACC-L09782.svg L09782	File:ACC-L09783.svg L09783
File:ACC-L09784.svg L09784	File:ACC-L09785.svg L09785	File:ACC-L09786.svg L09786	File:ACC-L09787.svg L09787	File:ACC-L09788.svg L09788	File:ACC-L09789.svg L09789	File:ACC-L09790.svg L09790	File:ACC-L09791.svg L09791
File:ACC-L09792.svg L09792	File:ACC-L09793.svg L09793	File:ACC-L09794.svg L09794	File:ACC-L09795.svg L09795

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (王) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
皇	*ɡʷaːŋ
惶	*ɡʷaːŋ
遑	*ɡʷaːŋ
堭	*ɡʷaːŋ
煌	*ɡʷaːŋ
餭	*ɡʷaːŋ
騜	*ɡʷaːŋ
艎	*ɡʷaːŋ
隍	*ɡʷaːŋ
湟	*ɡʷaːŋ
徨	*ɡʷaːŋ
篁	*ɡʷaːŋ
蝗	ɡʷaːŋ, ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs
凰	*ɡʷaːŋ
偟	*ɡʷaːŋ
媓	*ɡʷaːŋ
韹	ɡʷaːŋ, ɡʷraːŋ
葟	*ɡʷaːŋ
皝	*ɡʷaːŋʔ
汪	qʷaːŋ, qʷaːŋs, *qʷaŋʔ
尪	*qʷaːŋ
迋	kʷaŋʔ, kʰʷaŋ, ɡʷaŋ, ɢʷaŋs
逛	*kʷaŋʔ
誑	kʷaŋs, ɡʷaŋ, *kʷaŋs
匡	*kʰʷaŋ
筐	*kʰʷaŋ
框	*kʰʷaŋ
眶	*kʰʷaŋ
誆	kʰʷaŋ, ɡʷaŋs
邼	*kʰʷaŋ
恇	*kʰʷaŋ
劻	*kʰʷaŋ
洭	*kʰʷaŋ
軭	kʰʷaŋ, ɡʷaŋ
狂	ɡʷaŋ, ɡʷaŋs
軖	*ɡʷaŋ
鵟	*ɡʷaŋ
俇	*ɡʷaŋʔ
王	ɢʷaŋ, ɢʷaŋs
蚟	*ɢʷaŋ
彺	*ɢʷaŋ
旺	*ɢʷaŋs
諻	*qʰʷraːŋ
喤	qʰʷraːŋ, ɡʷraːŋ
瑝	*ɡʷraːŋ
鍠	*ɡʷraːŋ
揘	*ɡʷaŋ

The traditional interpretation is that the three horizontal strokes represent Heaven, Man and Earth. The vertical stroke is the king, the one who connects them together. Older representation of the character shows a man like 大 or 天 above a horizontal stroke.

The modern interpretation is that the character is a pictogram (象形) of either an axe or a crown, one of two symbols of the king's power. A ceremonial axe was kept near the throne, and was used for performing rituals in ancient China.

Compare the unrelated 玉 (“jade”) and 主 (“master”).

Etymology 1[edit]

Uncertain. There are many proposed etymologies:

Sagart and Baxter (2009) compare it to Tibetan གོང་མ (gong ma, “superior one”).
Schuessler (2007) compares it to Tibetan དབང (dbang, “strength, power”) and Burmese အန် (an, “strength, power”), which derive from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-baŋ (“strength, power”). However, reconstructing the Old Chinese as *waŋ, he notes the mismatch between Old Chinese *w- vs. Tibetan *b- (unless *dw- can become db-; for possible *b- ~ * w- variation, see 花). He also compares it to Proto-Northern Naga *waŋ (“chief”).
Schuessler (2007) alternatively proposes a connection to Old Khmer vāṅ, vaṅ (modern Khmer វាំង (veăng), “royal palace”), which he considers to be cognate with Khmer ហ្លួង (luŏng, “king”). This is perhaps supported by a bronze inscription where 王 refers to a place, not the Zhou king (Shaughnessy, 1991). The semantic shift from "palace" to "king" parallels Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“pharaoh”, literally “palace”), from pr (“house”) + ꜥꜣ (“great, big”). The connection to the Old Khmer word would thus relate it to Proto-Mon-Khmer *waŋ ~ *waaŋ (“enclosure; to go round”), which is part of a larger Austroasiatic word family, including 營 (OC *ɢʷeŋ) and 環 (OC *ɡʷraːn). Bodman (1980) connects 王 with 皇 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ, “sovereign”), which Schuessler (2007) connects to this word family.
Speculations exist about its connection to 尪 (OC *qʷaːŋ, “lame, crippled”) and 狂 (OC *ɡʷaŋ, “mad”), based on theories about the connection between ancient Chinese kingship and shamanism (Keightley, 1995).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wáng (wang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wang²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): вон (von, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wong⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): vong³
Gan (Wiktionary): uong⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vòng

(Meixian, Guangdong): vong²
Jin (Wiktionary): von¹
Northern Min (KCR): uâng
Eastern Min (BUC): uòng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ông / n̂g

(Teochew, Peng'im): uang⁵ / hêng⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶waon
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uan²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wáng
  - Wade–Giles: wang²
  - Yale: wáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wang
  - Palladius: ван (van)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: wang²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: вон (von, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wong⁴
  - Yale: wòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vong³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vɔŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: uong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɔŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: vongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vong²
  - Sinological IPA: /voŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: vong²
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋɔŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: von¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /vɒ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: uâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uoŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ông
  - Tâi-lô: ông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oong
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Singapore): /ɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen, dated in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: n̂g
  - Tâi-lô: n̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngg
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋ̍²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ŋ̍²⁴/

Note: ông - incl. surname.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uang⁵ / hêng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uâng / hêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵⁵/, /heŋ⁵⁵/

Note: hêng5 - surname.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶waon
  - MiniDict: waon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhuaan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦuɑ̃²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: uan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u̯an¹³/

Middle Chinese: hjwang

Rime
Character	王
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	雨方切
Baxter	hjwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuaŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣiuaŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/iwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wong⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	王
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wáng
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwang ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaŋ/
English	king
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	王
Reading #	1/2
No.	12742
Phonetic component	王
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	王
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaŋ/

Definitions[edit]

王

king; monarch
國王／国王 ― guówáng ― king (of a nation)

周成王 ― Zhōu Chéng Wáng ― King Cheng of Zhou

這位男孩被擁立為王。 [MSC, trad.]
这位男孩被拥立为王。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhè wèi nánhái bèi yōnglì wéi wáng. [Pinyin]
The boy was proclaimed king.
duke; prince
王侯 ― wánghóu ― nobles; aristocrats (literally, “princes and marquises”)

親王／亲王 ― qīnwáng ― prince

秦王李世民 ― Qín Wáng Lǐ Shìmín ― Li Shimin, the Prince of Qin
best or strongest of its kind
拳王 ― quánwáng ― boxing champion

百獸之王是獅子還是老虎？ [MSC, trad.]
百兽之王是狮子还是老虎？ [MSC, simp.]
Bǎishòu zhī wáng shì shīzǐ háishì lǎohǔ? [Pinyin]
Is the lion or the tiger the king of beasts?
chief; head; ringleader
擒賊先擒王／擒贼先擒王 ― qínzéixiānqínwáng ― to defeat the enemy, first catch their chief
(chess) king
(graph theory) king (a vertex in a directed graph which can reach every other vertex via a path with a length of at most 2)
任意競賽圖都有一個王。 [MSC, trad.]
任意竞赛图都有一个王。 [MSC, simp.]
Rènyì jìngsàitú dōu yǒu yī ge wáng. [Pinyin]
In every tournament there exists a king.
^† grand; great
^† (of feudal monarchs) to see the emperor
a surname: Wang; Wong; Ong; Heng
王勃 ― Wáng Bó ― Wang Bo (Tang dynasty poet)

王延政 ― Wáng Yánzhèng ― Wang Yanzheng (Emperor of Min)

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (王):

→ Japanese: 王(おう) (ō)
→ Okinawan: 王(をー) (ō)
→ Korean: 왕(王) (wang)
→ Vietnamese: vương (王)

Others:

→ Classical Mongolian: ᠸᠠᠩ (waŋ) (via Mandarin)
- Mongolian:
  Mongolian script: ᠸᠠᠩ (waŋ)
  
  Cyrillic script: ван (van)
- → Buryat: ван (van)
→ English: Wang (via Mandarin), Wong (via Cantonese), Ong (via Hokkien), Heng (via Teochew)
→ Iu Mien: hungh
→ Manchu: ᠸᠠᠩ (wang) (via Mandarin)
→ Middle Mongol: (via Early Mandarin)
Uigurjin script: ᠣᠩ (ʾwnk /⁠oŋ⁠/)
→ Old Uyghur: [Term?] (/⁠oŋ⁠/) (via Early Mandarin), [Term?] (/⁠waŋ⁠/) (via Early Mandarin)
→ Tagalog: Ong (via Hokkien), Wong (via Cantonese), Wang (via Mandarin)
→ Thai: อ๋อง (ɔ̌ng) (via Hokkien)
→ Zhuang: vuengz

Compounds[edit]

一字王
三冠王
三王
不動明王／不动明王 (Bùdòng Míngwáng)
不犯王法
乃心王室
二帝三王
二朝王醮
二王
侯王
先王 (xiānwáng)
內聖外王／内圣外王
八王之亂／八王之乱 (Bā Wáng Zhī Luàn)
八王日
公子王孫／公子王孙
冥王 (míngwáng)
冥王星 (Míngwángxīng)
劃地為王／划地为王
劉王／刘王 (Liúwáng)
勤王 (qínwáng)
十殿閻王／十殿阎王
南面為王／南面为王
南面稱王／南面称王
反王
名王
后王 (hòuwáng)
吹牛大王
君王 (jūnwáng)
哲王
四大天王 (sìdàtiānwáng)
國王／国王 (guówáng)
土霸王
地藏王
外王內帝／外王内帝 (wàiwángnèidì)
大王
大王椰子
天壤王郎
太王
天王 (tiānwáng)
天王巨星
天王星 (Tiānwángxīng)
天王殿
天王老子
女王 (nǚwáng)
女王蜂
孤王
孩子王 (háiziwáng)
孫王營／孙王营 (Sūnwángyíng)
孱王
富比王侯
尊王攘夷 (zūnwángrǎngyí)
小王子
小王爺／小王爷
小霸王 (xiǎobàwáng)
岱王溝／岱王沟 (Dàiwánggōu)
帝王 (dìwáng)
帝王之道
張王／张王 (Zhāngwáng)
張王李趙／张王李赵 (Zhāng-Wáng-Lǐ-Zhào)
後王／后王 (hòuwáng)
恥居王後／耻居王后
成者為王，敗者為寇／成者为王，败者为寇 (chéng zhě wéi wáng, bài zhě wéi kòu)
托塔天王
擒賊擒王／擒贼擒王 (qínzéiqínwáng)
敝屣王侯
文王課／文王课
明王 (míngwáng)
昭王墜屨／昭王坠屦
曳裾王門／曳裾王门
木王
朱王堡
果王
東王公／东王公
梵王宮／梵王宫
棋王 (qíwáng)
沒王法／没王法
法王 (fǎwáng)
活捉王魁
活閻王／活阎王
海王星 (Hǎiwángxīng)
海龍王／海龙王
混世魔王
淨飯王／净饭王 (Jìngfàn Wáng)
灶王爺／灶王爷 (zàowángyé)
無冕王／无冕王
燒王船／烧王船
牛皮大王 (niúpí dàwáng)
牛魔王 (niú mówáng)
猴孫王／猴孙王
猢猻大王／猢狲大王
猢猻王／猢狲王
王不見王／王不见王 (wángbùjiànwáng)
王事 (wángshì)
王人
王位 (wángwèi)
王佐之才
王侯 (wánghóu)
王侯將相／王侯将相 (wánghóujiàngxiàng)
王儲／王储 (wángchǔ)
王八
王八羔子 (wángbagāozi)
王八蛋
王八辮兒／王八辫儿
王公 (wánggōng)
王公大人
王公貴人／王公贵人
王公貴戚／王公贵戚
王冠 (wángguān)
王制
王化 (wánghuà)
王吉
王后 (wánghòu)
王命 (wángmìng)
王命旗牌
王商 (Wángshāng)
王喬／王乔
王喬騎鶴／王乔骑鹤
王國／王国 (wángguó)
王城 (wángchéng)
王大橋／王大桥 (Wángdàqiáo)
王女 (wángnǚ)
王妃 (wángfēi)
王子 (wángzǐ)
王子喬／王子乔
王子店 (Wángzǐdiàn)
王子晉／王子晋
王孫／王孙
王孫公子／王孙公子
王官
王室 (wángshì)
王宮／王宫 (wánggōng)
王家橋／王家桥 (Wángjiāqiáo)
王家畈 (Wángjiāfàn)
王寨 (Wángzhài)
王嶺／王岭 (Wánglǐng)
王師／王师 (wángshī)
王店 (Wángdiàn)
王府 (wángfǔ)
王度
王座 (wángzuò)
王庭
王廟／王庙 (Wángmiào)
王建
王敦擊壺／王敦击壶
王族 (wángzú)
王朝 (wángcháo)
王條／王条
王業／王业 (wángyè)
王母 (wángmǔ)
王母娘娘 (Wángmǔ Niángniang)
王母蟠桃
王氣／王气 (wángqì)
王水 (wāngshuǐ)
王法 (wángfǎ)
王海 (Wánghǎi)
王漿／王浆
王灘／王滩 (Wángtān)
王父
王爺／王爷
王爺府／王爷府 (wángyefǔ)
王牌 (wángpái)
王瓜
王田
王留
王畿 (wángjī)
王祥臥冰／王祥卧冰
王綱／王纲 (wánggāng)
王義貞／王义贞 (Wángyìzhēn)
王考
王老五 (wánglǎowǔ)
王老莊／王老庄 (Wánglǎozhuāng)
王者 (wángzhě)
王者師／王者师
王者香
王英 (Wángyīng)
王莊／王庄 (Wángzhuāng)
王蓮／王莲
王虺
王謝／王谢
王貢彈冠／王贡弹冠
王跡／王迹
王道 (wángdào)
王集 (Wángjí)
王霸
王餘魚／王余鱼
王鮪／王鲔
白飯王／白饭王
白馬王／白马王
白馬王子／白马王子 (báimǎ wángzǐ)
百獸之王／百兽之王
百王
百花王
百谷王
盛王
目無王法／目无王法 (mùwúwángfǎ)
相王
神聊大王
祭王爺／祭王爷
禹王 (Yǔwáng)
秦王構石／秦王构石
稱王封后／称王封后
稱王稱帝／称王称帝
稱王稱霸／称王称霸 (chēngwángchēngbà)
空中霸王
空王
童天王
素王 (sùwáng)
老王賣瓜／老王卖瓜
聚寶尊王／聚宝尊王
舉王／举王
花王 (huāwáng)
草頭大王／草头大王
藥王／药王 (Yàowáng)
藥王菩薩／药王菩萨 (Yàowáng Púsà)
蜂王 (fēngwáng)
蜂王乳
西王母 (Xīwángmǔ)
見閻王／见阎王 (jiàn Yánwáng)
親王／亲王 (qīnwáng)
覺王／觉王
謀王圖霸／谋王图霸
賊王八／贼王八
越王嘗蓼／越王尝蓼
跳灶王
輪王／轮王
轉輪聖王／转轮圣王
郡王 (jùnwáng)
錢王射潮／钱王射潮
鍾王／钟王
閻王／阎王 (Yánwáng)
閻王帳／阎王帐
閻王殿／阎王殿
閻王爺／阎王爷 (Yánwángyé)
閻王老子／阎王老子
閻羅王／阎罗王 (Yánluó Wáng)
阿育王 (Āyùwáng)
陸王之學／陆王之学
霸王 (bàwáng)
霸王別姬／霸王别姬
霸王卸甲
霸王悲歌
霸王略
霸王鞭 (bàwángbiān)
霸王風月／霸王风月
馬明王／马明王
馬王／马王
馬王堆／马王堆 (Mǎwángduī)
魔王 (mówáng)
魔王夜叉
鳥王／鸟王
黑王相公
齊王捨牛／齐王舍牛
龍王／龙王 (Lóngwáng)
龍王埡／龙王垭 (Lóngwángyà)
龍王廟／龙王庙 (lóngwángmiào)

Etymology 2[edit]

王 (OC *ɢʷaŋ) with a denominalizing *-s suffix (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wàng (wang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wong⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ōng

(Teochew, Peng'im): uang⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wàng
  - Wade–Giles: wang⁴
  - Yale: wàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wanq
  - Palladius: ван (van)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wong⁶
  - Yale: wohng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wong⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wong⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔːŋ²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ōng
  - Tâi-lô: ōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: uang⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uaŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: hjwangH

Rime
Character	王
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	于放切
Baxter	hjwangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣiuaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/iwaŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wong⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷaŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	王
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wàng
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaŋ-s/
English	be king
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	王
Reading #	2/2
No.	12746
Phonetic component	王
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	迋
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaŋs/

Definitions[edit]

王

^† to reign; to rule, to be a king
- 不以王天下為己處顯。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  不以王天下为己处显。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Bù yǐ wàng tiānxià wèi jǐ chù xiǎn. [Pinyin]
  He would not desire to rule over the whole world as his own private distinction.
- 大楚興，陳勝王 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  大楚兴，陈胜王 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Slogan used in Chen Sheng and Wu Guang uprising
  Dà Chǔ xīng, Chén Shèng wàng [Pinyin]
  Great Chu will prosper, Chen Sheng will be the king!
^† Alternative form of 旺 (wàng, “flourishing; prosperous”)
- 神雖王，不善也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  神虽王，不善也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Shén suī wàng, bù shàn yě. [Pinyin]
  Though its spirit would (there) enjoy a royal abundance, it does not think (such confinement) good.

Compounds[edit]

王天下
王長／王长

References[edit]

“王”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“Entry #1229”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

王

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Go-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)^{←わう (wau, historical)}
Kan-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)^{←わう (wau, historical)}
Kun: おおきみ (ōkimi, 王)^{←おほきみ (ofokimi, 王, historical)}; きみ (kimi, 王)

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
王
おう Grade: 1
on’yomi

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

王

Wikipedia ^ja

/wau/ → /wɔː/ → */woː/ → /oː/

From Middle Chinese 王 (MC hjwang).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Tokyo) おー [óꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [o̞ː]

Noun[edit]

王(おう) • (ō) ^{←わう (wau)^?}

a king, especially one who is not East Asian or was East Asian in pre-imperial times; in China and Vietnam, generally a king before Qin Shi Huangdi who invented the title 皇帝 (kōtei, “huangdi; emperor”); in Korea, one of the many kings before the Korean Empire which was modeled after Japan's; in Japan, one of the rulers before Emperor Jinmu
越(えつ)王(おう)勾(こう)践(せん) ― Etsuō Kōsen ― King Goujian of Yue
an East Asian queen regnant
親(しん)魏(ぎ)倭(わ)王(おう) ― Shingi Waō ― the pro-Wei Queen of Wa

徴(ちょう) (女(じょ))王(おう) ― Chō (Jo)ō ― the Trưng Queen

善(ぜん)徳(とく) (女(じょ))王(おう) ― Zentoku (Jo)ō ― Queen Seondeok
a nobility title for a Chinese or Vietnamese prince, bestowed on one of the 皇帝 (kōtei, “huangdi; emperor”)'s adult sons, brothers, or nephews, especially as a coming-of-age title, generally comes with an estate ("principality"); compare 皇子 (ōji, “imperial princes”, especially pre-adult ones) and 公 (kō, “dukes”, an alternative used by certain dynasties)
武(ぶ)成(せい)王(おう) ― Busei Ō ― Prince Wucheng

興(こう)道(どう)王(おう) ― Kōdō Ō ― Prince Hưng Đạo
a Japanese prince's son (such princes include 親王 (shinnō) or 王 (ō) themselves)

Usage notes[edit]

An East Asian queen regnant (except in Korea) has the same title as a king, not specifically a “queen (regnant)” like in European languages. Similarly, an empress regnant has the same title as an emperor.

Affix[edit]

王(おう) • (ō) ^{←わう (wau)^?}

king

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
王
こきし Grade: 1
irregular

Kanji in this term
王
こにきし Grade: 1
irregular

Alternative spelling
国主

From Old Japanese, derived from Baekje 鞬吉支 (*k(j)ənkilci).

Noun[edit]

王(コニキシ) or 王(コキシ) • (konikishi or kokishi)

(archaic) an ancient Korean king
百済(くだらの)王(こにきし) ― Kudara no Konikishi ― King of Baekje

References[edit]

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 王 (MC hjwang).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᅌᅪᇰ (Yale: ngwàng)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[2]	님〯굼〮 (Yale: nǐmkwúm)	와ᇰ (Yale: wàng)
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575	긔ᄌᆞ (Yale: kuyco)	왕 (Yale: wang)

Pronunciation[edit]

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [wa̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [왕]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

王

Wikisource

王 (eumhun 임금 왕 (imgeum wang))

Hanja form^? of 왕 (“king; monarch”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

왕국 (王國, wangguk)
왕관 (王冠, wanggwan)
왕비 (王妃, wangbi)
왕조 (王朝, wangjo)
왕정 (王政, wangjeong)
왕권 (王權, wanggwon)
왕족 (王族, wangjok)
왕좌 (王座, wangjwa)
왕궁 (王宮, wanggung)

References[edit]

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

王

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

On (unclassified): をー (ō)
Kun: ちみ (chimi, 王)

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
王
をー Grade: 1

From Middle Chinese 王 (MC hjwang).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /(ʷ)oː/

Noun[edit]

王(をー) (ō)

Usage notes[edit]

An East Asian queen regnant (except in Korea) has the same title as a king, not specifically a “queen (regnant)” like in European languages. Similarly, an empress regnant has the same title as an emperor.

Affix[edit]

王(をー) (ō)

king

Derived terms[edit]

Old Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Baekje 鞬吉支 (*k(j)ə-n kici).

Noun[edit]

王 (*ko₂niki₁si) (kana こにきし)

an ancient Korean king

Descendants[edit]

Japanese: 王 (konikishi, kokishi), in modern Japanese dictionaries

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

王: Hán Việt readings: vương (雨(vũ)方(phương)切(thiết))^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5], vượng^[5]
王: Nôm readings: vương^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6], vướng^[1]^[7]^[5]

chữ Hán form of vương (“king”).
chữ Hán form of Vương (“surname; male given name”).
Nôm form of vướng (“to be entangled in; to be involved in”).
chữ Hán form of vượng (“to reign”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[tdcndg-3] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-4] 2.0 ^2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-5] 3.0 ^3.1 Trần (2004).

[bonet-6] 4.0 ^4.1 Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-7] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-8] Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[btcn-9] Hồ (1976).

[1]

[2]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

Chess pieces in Mandarin · 國際象棋棋子／国际象棋棋子 (guójì xiàngqí qízǐ) (layout · text)

王 (wáng), 國王／国王 (guówáng)	后 (hòu), 皇后 (huánghòu)	車／车 (jū), 城堡 (chéngbǎo)	象 (xiàng), 主教 (zhǔjiào)	馬／马 (mǎ), 騎士／骑士 (qíshì)	兵 (bīng)

王

Translingual[edit]

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Chinese[edit]

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Etymology 1[edit]

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Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

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Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

See also[edit]

Affix[edit]

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Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

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Hanja[edit]

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Okinawan[edit]

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Readings[edit]

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Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

See also[edit]

Affix[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Old Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

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Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

Compounds[edit]

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