略

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See also: 畧
略 U+7565, 略
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7565
← 畤
[U+7564] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 畦 →
[U+7566]
略 U+F976, 略
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F976
← 掠
[U+F975] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 亮 →
[U+F977]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
Japan

Han character[edit]

略 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田竹水口 (WHER), four-corner 67064, composition ⿰田各)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 762, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21839
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1172, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2541, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+7565

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 略
alternative forms 畧

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 略
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (各) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
髂 *kʰraːɡs
路 *ɡ·raːɡs
輅 *ɡ·raːɡs
賂 *ɡ·raːɡs
虂 *ɡ·raːɡs
露 *ɡ·raːɡs
潞 *raːɡs
鷺 *raːɡs
璐 *raːɡs
簬 *raːɡs
簵 *ɡ·raːɡs
洛 *ɡ·raːɡ
駱 *ɡ·raːɡ
絡 *ɡ·raːɡ
酪 *ɡ·raːɡ
烙 *ɡ·raːɡ
雒 *ɡ·raːɡ
珞 *ɡ·raːɡ
硌 *ɡ·raːɡ
袼 *ɡ·raːɡ, *klaːɡ
笿 *ɡ·raːɡ
鉻 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
鮥 *ɡ·raːɡ
鵅 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
挌 *ɡ·raːɡ, *kraːɡ
落 *ɡ·raːɡ
各 *klaːɡ
胳 *klaːɡ
閣 *klaːɡ
格 *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ
擱 *klaːɡ
恪 *kʰlaːɡ
愙 *kʰaːɡ
貉 *ɡlaːɡ, *mɡraːɡ
狢 *ɡlaːɡ
佫 *ɡlaːɡ
略 *ɡ·raɡ
茖 *kraːɡ
骼 *kraːɡ
觡 *kraːɡ
蛒 *kraːɡ
敋 *kraːɡ
客 *kʰraːɡ
喀 *kʰraːɡ
揢 *kʰraːɡ
額 *ŋɡraːɡ
峉 *ŋɡraːɡ
頟 *ŋɡraːɡ
詻 *ŋɡraːɡ
垎 *ɡraːɡ
楁 *ɡraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raɡ) : semantic 田 (“field”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ) – to walk around a field (to outline it).

Etymology[edit]

"to plunder, to pillage"
Possibly Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Mizo rawk (“to loot, to raid (not to kill)”). STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔ-m-(p)rawk, which is likely an allofam of Proto-Kuki-Chin *m-ru:k "to steal".
掠 (lüè) is a graphic variant of this sense.
"sharp"
"From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(m/b)rak (“to cut, tear, maul, lacerate”). Cognate with Burmese မြက် (mrak, “to cut keenly”) and မြ (mra., “sharp”), Jingpho mya (“torn, ragged”), Dimasa [script needed] (džə brau, “to scratch, maul, claw”), Drung pra (“to cut (with sharp instruments)”).
"to trace out; to measure (an area); to plan; plan, method; boundary, frontier"
Possible allofams are 慮 (OC *ras, “outline, sketch”) and possibly 量 (OC *raŋ, *raŋs, “to measure (v.), a measure (n.)”)
"outline, sketch, strategy, summary, brief"
Possibly same etymon as sense "to trace out, to plan". Possibly cognate with 路 (OC *ɡ·raːɡs, “road”)
"to omit, to leave out"

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • lio̍k/lia̍k - literary;
  • lio̍h - vernacular.
Note:
  • liag8 - literary;
  • lioh8/liêh8 - vernacular (liêh8 - Chaozhou).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 略
Mandarin Beijing /lyɛ⁵¹/
Harbin /liau⁵³/
/lyɛ⁵³/
Tianjin /lye⁵³/
Jinan /luə²¹/
Qingdao /lyə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /lyo²⁴/
Xi'an /luo⁵³/
Xining /lyu⁵³/
Yinchuan /lye¹³/
Lanzhou /lyə¹³/
Ürümqi /lyɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /nio²¹³/
Chengdu /nyo³¹/
Guiyang /nio²¹/
Kunming /lio³¹/
Nanjing /loʔ⁵/
Hefei /lyɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /lyəʔ²/
Pingyao /liʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /liaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /liaʔ¹/
Suzhou /liɑʔ³/
Hangzhou /liɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /liɛ²¹³/
Hui Shexian /liɔ²²/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /lio²⁴/
Xiangtan /nio²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /liɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /liok̚⁵/
Taoyuan /liok̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lœk̚²/
Nanning /lœk̚²²/
Hong Kong /lœk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /luoʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /liɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /liak̚⁵/
/lioʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /liɔk̚³/
/lio³³/
Rime
Character 略
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 陽 (107)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 離灼切
Baxter ljak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/liɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɨak̚/
Li
Rong 		/liak̚/
Wang
Li 		/lĭak̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯ak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lüè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		loek6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 略
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lüè
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ljak ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]ak/
English draw a boundary; outline

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 略
Reading # 1/1
No. 3892
Phonetic
component 		各
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		略
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡ·raɡ/

Definitions[edit]

略

  1. † to draw boundaries; to outline; to trace out
  2. † boundary; outline; border
  3. plan; strategy; summary; outline
  4. brief; abbreviated
  5. to omit; to leave out
  6. slightly; marginally
  7. approximately; roughly
  8. to plunder; to pillage
  9. † sharp; keen (Shi)

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

略

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. plan, strategy
  2. to omit
  3. to abbreviate
  4. to invade

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Kanji in this term
略
りゃく
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Noun[edit]

略(りゃく) • (ryaku) 

  1. omission
    以下(いか)略(りゃく)
    ikaryaku
    as above
  2. abbreviation; short for
    特(とっ)急(きゅう)は特(とく)別(べつ)急(きゅう)行(こう)の略(りゃく)。
    Tokkyū wa tokubetsukyūkō no ryaku.
    Tokkyū is the abbreviation of tokubetsukyūkō.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

略 (eumhun 간략할 략 (gallyakhal ryak), South Korea 간략할 약 (gallyakhal yak))

  1. Hanja form? of 략/약 (“brief, concise”).

略 (eumhun 다스릴 략 (daseuril ryak), South Korea 다스릴 약 (daseuril yak))

  1. Hanja form? of 략/약 (“approximately, roughly”).
  2. Hanja form? of 략/약 (“outline”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

略: Hán Nôm readings: lược, trước

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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