番

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See also: 蹯 and 蕃
番 U+756A, 番
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-756A
← 畩
[U+7569] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 畫 →
[U+756B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
12 strokes

Han character[edit]

番 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木田 (HDW), four-corner 20609, composition ⿱釆田)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 763, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21858
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1172, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2543, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+756A

Chinese[edit]

trad. 番
simp. # 番

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 番
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (番) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皤 *paːl, *baːl
嶓 *paːl
番 *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban
播 *paːls
譒 *paːls
鄱 *baːl
潘 *pʰaːn
蟠 *baːn, *ban
磻 *baːn
蕃 *pan, *ban
轓 *pan, *pʰan
鱕 *pan
鐇 *pan, *ban
藩 *pan, *ban
籓 *pan
橎 *panʔ
翻 *pʰan
幡 *pʰan
飜 *pʰan
旛 *pʰan, *ban
繙 *pʰan, *ban
燔 *ban
蹯 *ban
膰 *ban
羳 *ban
鷭 *ban
璠 *ban
襎 *ban
墦 *ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban) : phonetic 釆 () + semantic 田 – "animal's footprint in the field"; original form of 蹯 (fán).

Etymology[edit]

“to do in turns; turn; time”
Iterative of 反 (OC *panʔ, “to turn; to return”) by aspiration of the initial (Schuessler, 2007).
“anime series”
Back-formation from 新番 (xīnfān).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: han - only used in 番薯.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: huang1 / huêng1 / hung1 / hang1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang / hueng / hung / hang
      • Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ³³/, /hueŋ³³/, /huŋ³³/, /haŋ³³/
Note:
  • hung1 - Chaozhou, only used in 番葛;
  • hang1 - Jieyang, only used in 番葛.
Rime
Character 番
Reading # 2/5
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 孚袁切
Baxter phjon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰʉɐn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰʷiɐn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰiuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰuan/
Li
Rong 		/pʰiuɐn/
Wang
Li 		/pʰĭwɐn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pʰi̯wɐn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 番
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ phjon ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰar/
English a turn, a time

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番
Reading # 4/5
No. 2889
Phonetic
component 		番
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		飜
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰan/

Definitions[edit]

番

  1. to do in turns; to take turns; to repeat
  2. Classifier for actions, deeds: a show of ...
  3. Classifier for the number of times an action has been performed: turn; time
  4. Classifier for different kinds of things: kind; type
  5. A generic term for the non-Han people in China's west in historical times; (by extension) non-Han people; foreign land; foreign; non-native; barbarian
    番茄  ―  fānqié  ―  tomato [lit. foreign eggplant]
  6. (Malaysian Hokkien) Muslim
    入番 [Hokkien]  ―  ji̍p-hoan [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to become a Muslim
  7. (ACG) anime series (Classifier: 部)
  8. (mahjong) points
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 番 (“points (mahjong)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 番
Mandarin Taiwan 臺
Yantai (Muping) 番
Singapore 臺, 番
Cantonese Hong Kong 番
Singapore (Guangfu) 番
Gan Nanchang 番
Lichuan 番
Southern Min Taipei 臺 GT
Singapore (Hokkien) 臺
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
Descendants[edit]
  • → Japanese: 飜(ハン) (han)
  • → Vietnamese: phen

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Note: puang1 - Shantou.
Rime
Character 番
Reading # 3/5
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 普官切
Baxter phan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰuɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰuɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰwan/
Li
Rong 		/pʰuɑn/
Wang
Li 		/pʰuɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pʰuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pun1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番
Reading # 3/5
No. 2878
Phonetic
component 		番
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		潘
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰaːn/

Definitions[edit]

番

  1. a surname
  2. Only used in 番禺 (Pānyú).

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Rime
Character 番 番
Reading # 1/5 5/5
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 元 (66) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 附袁切 補過切
Baxter bjon paH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bʉɐn/ /puɑH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bʷiɐn/ /puɑH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biuɐn/ /puɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/buan/ /pwaH/
Li
Rong 		/biuɐn/ /puɑH/
Wang
Li 		/bĭwɐn/ /puɑH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯wɐn/ /puɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fán bò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faan4 bo3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番 番
Reading # 5/5 2/5
No. 2895 2873
Phonetic
component 		番 番
Rime
group 		元 歌
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		煩 播
Old
Chinese 		/*ban/ /*paːls/
Notes 釆聲，後作蹯

Definitions[edit]

番

  1. Original form of 蹯 (fán, “animal's foot”).
  2. Alternative form of 藩 (“fence”)
  3. Alternative form of 蕃 (“luxuriant”)

Pronunciation 4[edit]

Definitions[edit]

番

  1. (historical) (～縣) Former name of 鄱陽／鄱阳 (Póyáng) under the Qin dynasty.
  2. Used in 番番 (pópó, “white; whitehaired”).
  3. a surname

Pronunciation 5[edit]

Rime
Character 番
Reading # 4/5
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 博禾切
Baxter pa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/puɑ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/puɑ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/puɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pwa/
Li
Rong 		/puɑ/
Wang
Li 		/puɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/puɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bō
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bo1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 番
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bō
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pa ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pˁar/
English martial

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番
Reading # 1/5
No. 2871
Phonetic
component 		番
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		波
Old
Chinese 		/*paːl/

Definitions[edit]

番

  1. † Used in 番番 (bōbō, “valiant; courageous”).
  2. † Alternative form of 播 (“to spread; to propagate”)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

番

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
番
ばん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun[edit]

番(ばん) • (ban) ←ばん (ban)?

  1. one's turn (as in a game, etc.)
    次(つぎ)は君(きみ)の番(ばん)ですよ。
    Tsugi wa kimi no ban desu yo.
    It's your turn next.

Counter[edit]

番(ばん) • (-ban) ←ばん (ban)?

  1. (sports) matches

Suffix[edit]

番(ばん) • (-ban) ←ばん (ban)?

  1. (applied to numerals) -th: forms ordinal numerals
    一(いち)番(ばん) ― ichiban ― first
    二(に)番(ばん) ― niban ― second
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
番
つが(い)
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 番 – see the following entry.
【つがい】
[noun] (poetic) pair
[verb] stem or continuative form of つがう (tsugau) [godan]
Alternative spelling
番い
(This term, 番, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Chinese 番 (MC phjon).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

番 (eumhun 차례(次例) 번 (charye( 次例 ) beon))

  1. Hanja form? of 번 (“turn”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle Chinese 番 (MC phan).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

番 (eumhun 땅 이름 반 (ttang ireum ban))

  1. Hanja form? of 반 (“a surname”).
  2. Hanja form? of 반 (“a placename”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 3[edit]

From Middle Chinese 番 (MC pa).

Historical readings

Hanja[edit]

番 (eumhun 날랠 파 (nallael pa))

  1. (literary Chinese) Hanja form? of 파 (“valiant”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Old Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 番 (MC bjon|phjon|phan|pa|paH).

Phonogram[edit]

番 (po2)

  1. Denotes phonographic syllable po2.

Usage notes[edit]

Only used in the prose of the Kojiki of 712 CE (Miyake (2003) p. 254).

Further reading[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

番: Hán Nôm readings: phen, phan, phiên, ba, bà

Han character[edit]

番: Hán Việt readings: ba, bà, phiên
番: Nôm readings: ba, bà, phan, phiên, phen

References[edit]

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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