癖

癖 U+7656, 癖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7656 ← 癕 [U+7655] CJK Unified Ideographs 癗 → [U+7657]

Translingual

Han character

癖 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 大尸口十 (KSRJ), four-corner 0014₁, composition ⿸疒辟)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 781, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22550
• Dae Jaweon: page 1191, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2700, character 20
• Unihan data for U+7656

Chinese

simp. and trad.		癖

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嬖	*peːɡs
薜	*beːɡs, *preːɡ
鐾	*beːɡs
臂	*peɡs
譬	*pʰeɡs
避	*beɡs
檗	*preːɡ
擘	*preːɡ
糪	*preːɡ, *pʰreːɡ
掰	*preːɡ
繴	*breːɡ, *peːɡ
辟	*peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ
璧	*peɡ
鐴	*peɡ
躄	*peɡ
襞	*peɡ
僻	*pʰeɡ, *pʰeːɡ
癖	*pʰeɡ, *pʰeːɡ
廦	*pʰeɡ, *peːɡ
擗	*beɡ
躃	*beɡ
闢	*beɡ
壁	*peːɡ
鼊	*peːɡ
霹	*pʰeːɡ
劈	*pʰeːɡ
澼	*pʰeːɡ
憵	*pʰeːɡ
甓	*beːɡ
鷿	*beːɡ
幦	*mbeːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰeɡ, *pʰeːɡ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pǐ, pì

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˇ, ㄆㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pik¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): pék
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phiah / phek / phiak

  (Teochew, Peng'im): piah⁴

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁷phiq

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pǐ
    • Wade–Giles: pʻi³
    • Yale: pǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pii
    • Palladius: пи (pi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pì
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pì
    • Wade–Giles: pʻi⁴
    • Yale: pì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pih
    • Palladius: пи (pi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pik¹
    • Yale: pīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: pig¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɪk̚⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: pék
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɛiʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiah
    • Tâi-lô: phiah
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phiaq
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiaʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰiaʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phek
    • Tâi-lô: phik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pheg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰiɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiak
    • Tâi-lô: phiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiak̚⁵/

Note:

• phiah - vernacular (“craving; temperament”);
• phek/phiak - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: piah⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phiah
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiaʔ²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁷phiq
    • MiniDict: phih^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴phiq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: phjiek, phek

Rime
Character	癖	癖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	清 (123)	青 (127)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	芳辟切	普擊切
Baxter	phjiek	phek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰiᴇk̚/	/pʰek̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiɛk̚/	/pʰek̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiæk̚/	/pʰɛk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰiajk̚/	/pʰɛjk̚/
Li Rong	/pʰiɛk̚/	/pʰek̚/
Wang Li	/pʰĭɛk̚/	/pʰiek̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯ɛk̚/	/pʰiek̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pi	pi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pik1	pik1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰeɡ/, /*pʰeːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	癖	癖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	681	696
Phonetic component	辟	辟
Rime group	錫	錫
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	僻	霹
Old Chinese	/*pʰeɡ/	/*pʰeːɡ/
Notes	見靈樞

Definitions

癖

1. craving; disposition; addiction; habit; weakness for
2. (Hokkien) temperament; attitude; disposition
3. (traditional Chinese medicine) Alternative form of 痞 (pǐ, “lump in the abdomen; splenomegaly; indigestion”)

Synonyms

• (temperament):

• 天性 (tiānxìng)
• 常性 (chángxìng)
• 性地 (xìngdì) (literary or Min Nan)
• 性子 (xìngzi)
• 性情 (xìngqíng)
• 情性 (qíngxìng) (literary)
• 本性 (běnxìng)
• 本質／本质 (běnzhì)
• 氣性／气性
• 率性 (shuàixìng) (literary)
• 理 (lǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
• 癖鼻 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 秉性 (bǐngxìng)
• 稟性／禀性 (bǐngxìng)
• 稟氣／禀气 (bǐngqì) (literary)
• 素性 (sùxìng)
• 脾氣／脾气
• 腸子／肠子 (chángzi) (figurative)
• 量草 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)

 

Compounds

• 周郎癖
• 嗜痂之癖
• 嗜痂成癖
• 地癖
• 季常癖
• 怪癖 (guàipǐ)
• 惡癖／恶癖 (èpǐ)
• 潔癖／洁癖 (jiépǐ)
• 煙霞癖／烟霞癖
• 痃癖
• 痼癖
• 癖嗜
• 癖好 (pǐhào)
• 癖性 (pǐxìng)
• 癖氣／癖气
• 盤龍癖／盘龙癖
• 筆癖／笔癖

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (癖):

• → Japanese: 癖(へき) (heki)
• → Korean: 벽(癖) (byeok)

Pronunciation 2

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phia̍h

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phia̍h
    • Tâi-lô: phia̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phiah
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiaʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiaʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiaʔ¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰiaʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiaʔ⁴/

Definitions

癖

1. (Hokkien) measles
2. (Mainland China Hokkien) rash (in general)

Compounds

• 出癖

 

Japanese

Kanji

癖

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. habit; tendency

Readings

• Go-on: ひゃく (hyaku)
• Kan-on: へき (heki, Jōyō)
• Kun: くせ (kuse, 癖, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 悪癖(あくへき) (akuheki)
• 癇癖(かんぺき) (kanpeki)
• 奇癖(きへき) (kiheki)
• 潔癖(けっぺき) (keppeki)
• 痃癖(けんびき) (kenbiki)
• 痃癖(けんぺき), 肩癖(けんぺき) (kenpeki)
• 個癖(こへき) (koheki)
• 古癖(こへき) (koheki)
• 詩癖(しへき) (shiheki)
• 嗜癖(しへき) (shiheki)
• 収集癖(しゅうしゅうへき) (shūshūheki)
• 習癖(しゅうへき) (shūheki)
• 酒癖(しゅへき) (shuheki)
• 晶癖(しょうへき) (shōheki)
• 書癖(しょへき) (shoheki)
• 性癖(せいへき) (seiheki)
• 通癖(つうへき) (tsūheki)
• 盗癖(とうへき) (tōheki)
• 病癖(びょうへき) (byōheki)
• 洋癖(ようへき) (yōheki)
• 浪費癖(ろうひへき) (rōhiheki)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
癖
くせ Grade: S
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) くせ​ [kùséꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [kɯ̟̊ᵝse̞]

Noun

癖(くせ) • (kuse) ^{←くせ (kuse)?}

1. habit; tendency

   Synonym: 癖 (heki)

   悪(わる)い癖(くせ)を直(なお)す

   warui kuse o naosu

   break a bad habit

   癖(くせ)になる

   kuse ni naru

   become a habit

2. unusual trait; peculiarity

   字(じ)の癖(くせ)

   ji no kuse

   handwriting peculiarity

3. a bend or distortion that cannot be easily straightened or flattened
   1. kink; curl (in hair)

      髪(かみ)の癖(くせ)を直(なお)す

      kami no kuse o naosu

      to straighten out the kinks in one’s hair

   2. crease (in clothing)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 癖(くせ)ある馬(うま)に能(のう)あり (kuse aru uma ni nō ari)
• 癖馬(くせうま) (kuseuma)
• 癖毛(くせげ) (kusege)
• 癖(くせ)して (kuse shite)
• 癖地(くせち) (kusechi)
• 癖直(くせなお)し (kusenaoshi)
• 癖(くせ)に (kuse ni)
• 癖(くせ)になる (kuse ni naru)
• 曲者(くせもの), 癖者(くせもの) (kusemono)
• 遊(あそ)び癖(ぐせ) (asobiguse)
• 足癖(あしくせ) (ashikuse)
• 歌癖(うたぐせ) (utaguse)
• 女癖(おんなぐせ) (onnaguse)
• 書(か)き癖(ぐせ) (kakiguse)
• 着癖(きぐせ) (kiguse)
• 口癖(くちぐせ) (kuchiguse)
• 酒癖(さかぐせ) (sakaguse)
• 酒癖(さけくせ) (sakekuse), 酒癖(さけぐせ) (sakeguse)
• 尻癖(しりくせ) (shirikuse)
• その癖(くせ) (sono kuse)
• 抱(だ)き癖(ぐせ) (dakiguse)
• 手癖(てくせ) (tekuse)
• 出癖(でぐせ) (deguse)
• 難癖(なんくせ) (nankuse)
• 寝癖(ねぐせ) (neguse)
• 一癖(ひとくせ) (hitokuse)
• 筆癖(ふでくせ) (fudekuse)
• 降(ふ)り癖(ぐせ) (furiguse)
• 負(ま)け癖(ぐせ) (makeguse)
• 怠(まな)け癖(ぐせ) (manakeguse)
• 読(よ)み癖(くせ) (yomikuse)

Descendants

• → Jeju: 쿠세 (kuse)

See also

• 習(しゅう)慣(かん) (shūkan)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
癖
へき Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 癖 (MC phjiek|phek).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) へ​き [héꜜkì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [he̞kʲi]

Noun

癖(へき) • (heki) ^{←へき (feki)?}

1. habit; tendency

   Synonym: 癖 (kuse)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 癖 (MC phjiek|phek).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 펵〮 (Yale: phyék) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 벽 (pyek) (Yale: pyek) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pjʌ̹k̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [벽]

Hanja

Wikisource

癖 (eumhun 버릇 벽 (beoreut byeok))

1. Hanja form^? of 벽 (“habit”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 결벽 (潔癖, gyeolbyeok)
• 악벽 (惡癖, akbyeok)
• 성벽 (性癖, seongbyeok)
• 도벽 (盜癖, dobyeok)
• 괴벽 (怪癖, goebyeok)
• 가벽 (歌癖, gabyeok)
• 고벽 (古癖, gobyeok)
• 구벽 (口癖, gubyeok)
• 벽호 (癖好, byeokho)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]