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U+8178, 腸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8178

[U+8177]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8179]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 130, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月日一竹 (BAMH), four-corner 76227, composition (GJK) or (HTV))

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 990, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29721
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1442, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2095, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+8178

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *l'aŋ) : semantic (body) + phonetic (OC *laŋ).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jaŋ ~ m-jaŋ (large intestine), whence Helambu Tibetan ནང་ཇུལ (nang jul, viscera; guts; entrails) and Chepang योङ्‌क्‍लीः (yoŋ-kliʔ, intestine) (STEDT).

Schuessler (2007) suggests it is also cognate with Tibetan ལོང་ཀ (long ka, intestines; entrails; guts).

Hong Kong Cantonese "penis"
Semantic loan from English sausage.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • tn̂g - vernacular (“intestine”);
  • chhiâng - literary (“sausage”, may be considered vernacular);
  • chhiân - common variant in Taiwan for “sausage”;
  • tiông/tiâng - literary.
Note:
  • deng5 - vernacular;
  • ciang5 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁴⁵/
/t͡sʰɑŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /tʃʰaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ²⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰɔ̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰɑ̃⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰaŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰaŋ³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰaŋ²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰã̠¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡suə¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zã²³/
Suzhou /zã¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zɑŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑi³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰia⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiau⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂan¹³/
Xiangtan /ɖ͡ʐɔn¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰoŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰœŋ²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰœŋ³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tiɔŋ³⁵/
/tŋ̍³⁵/
/t͡sʰiaŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /touŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tiɔŋ²¹/
/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡siaŋ⁵⁵/
/tɯŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /siaŋ³¹/
/ʔdo³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (11)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter drjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɖɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȡiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖɨaŋ/
Li
Rong
/ȡiaŋ/
Wang
Li
/ȡĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȡʱi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cháng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
coeng4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
cháng
Middle
Chinese
‹ drjang ›
Old
Chinese
/*lraŋ/
English intestines

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14579
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*l'aŋ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. (anatomy) intestine
  2. (figurative) heart; emotions
  3. sausage
  4. (Cantonese) Short for 腸粉肠粉 (“cheong fun”).
    [Cantonese]  ―  haa1 coeng4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  cheong fun with shrimp
    [Cantonese]  ―  caa1 coeng4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  cheong fun with char siu
  5. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) penis (Classifier: c)

Synonyms[edit]

  • (emotions):
  • (penis):

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
わた
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *wata.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(わた) (wata

  1. (anatomy) the intestines
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
はらわた
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
  • [parawata] → [ɸarawata] → [harawata]. Compound of (hara, stomach) +‎ (wata, intestines).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Tokyo) らわ [hàráwáꜜtà] (Nakadaka – [3])
  • (Tokyo) らわた [hàráwátá] (Heiban – [0])
  • (Tokyo) らわた [hàráwátáꜜ] (Odaka – [4])
  • IPA(key): [ha̠ɾa̠ɰᵝa̠ta̠]

Noun[edit]

(はらわた) (harawata

  1. (anatomy) the large intestines
  2. (anatomy) intestines

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
ちょう
Grade: 6
on’yomi

/tyau/ → /tyoː/.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(ちょう) (chōちやう (tyau)?

  1. (anatomy) the intestines; the bowels

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC drjang).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 땨ᇰ (Yale: ttyàng)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] 애〯 (Yale: ǎy) 댜ᇰ (Yale: tyàng)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕa̠(ː)ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 창자 (changja jang))

  1. Hanja form? of (intestine).

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: tràng, trường, trướng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.