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U+8377, 荷
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8377

[U+8376]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8378]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 140, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿人一口 (TOMR), four-corner 44221, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1032, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31000
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1491, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3220, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8377

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ): semantic (grass; plant) + phonetic (OC *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ).

Etymology 1[edit]

trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • hô/hô͘ - literary;
  • ô - vernacular;
  • hâ - in 荷包 (hâ-pau).
Note:
  • o5 - vernacular;
  • ho5 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial () (33)
    Final () (94)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter ha
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦɑ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦɑ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣɑ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦa/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣɑ/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣɑ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɣɑ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ho4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ha ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ɡ]ˁaj/
    English lotus

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 7463
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡaːl/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. lotus
    2. lotus leaf
    3. Short for 荷蘭荷兰 (Hélán, “Netherlands”).
    4. a surname
    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    trad.
    simp. #
    alternative forms 𦽅

    Pronunciation[edit]



    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 7457
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qʰaːls/
    Notes 𦽅

    Definitions[edit]

    1. Only used in 薄荷 (bòhé).
    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    trad.
    simp. #
    alternative forms

    From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-kal ⪤ *s-gal (back (lower); kidney; load; carry) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan སྒལ་པ (sgal pa, small of the back), Mizo kal (kidney), Chepang गल्‌ (gəl, kidney), Tangut 𗹼 (*khiwa¹, kidney), Burmese ခါး (hka:, waist), (OC *kʰaːlʔ, “to be able to”).

    Pronunciation[edit]



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial () (33)
    Final () (94)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter haX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ɦɑX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ɦɑX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ɣɑX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ɦaX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ɣɑX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɣɑX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ɣɑX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ho6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ haX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ɡ]ˁajʔ/
    English carry

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 7465
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡaːlʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. to carry (a load on one's shoulder); to hold
    2. to shoulder; to bear (e.g. responsibilities)
    3. load; burden
    4. (physics) load; charge
    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“trifling; tedious”).
    (This character is an obsolete form of ).

    Etymology 5[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to investigate; to interrogate”).
    (This character is an obsolete form of ).

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. load, cargo
    2. luggage

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Counter[edit]

    () (-ka

    1. loads that can be carried on one's shoulders

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC haX, “load”).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun (mel ha))

    1. Hanja form? of (load; burden; cargo; freight).
    2. Hanja form? of (to bear; to undertake; to take charge; to owe).

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC ha, “lotus”).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 연꽃 (yeonkkot ha))

    1. Hanja form? of (lotus; water lily).
      Synonym: (/ (ryeon/yeon))

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings:

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.