跟

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
跟 U+8DDF, 跟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DDF
← 跞
[U+8DDE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 跠 →
[U+8DE0]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
13 strokes

Han character[edit]

跟 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一日女 (RMAV), four-corner 67132, composition ⿰𧾷艮)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1224, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37491
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1696, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3706, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+8DDF

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
艱 *krɯːn
齦 *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn
眼 *ŋrɯːnʔ
蛝 *ɡrɯːn
限 *ɡrɯːnʔ
硍 *ɡrɯːnʔ
豤 *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn
詪 *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns
根 *kɯːn
跟 *kɯːn
珢 *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn
艮 *kɯːns
茛 *kɯːns
墾 *kʰɯːnʔ
懇 *kʰɯːnʔ
垠 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn
泿 *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn
痕 *ɡɯːn
拫 *ɡɯːn
鞎 *ɡɯːn
很 *ɡɯːnʔ
恨 *ɡɯːns
銀 *ŋrɯn
檭 *ŋrɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯːn) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 跟

Cognate with 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”) (Wang, 1982).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • gĕng - “heel”;
  • gṳ̆ng - “to follow”.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 跟
Mandarin Beijing /kən⁵⁵/
Harbin /kən⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kən²¹/
Jinan /kẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /kə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kən²⁴/
Xi'an /kẽ²¹/
Xining /kə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kəŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /kɤŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kən⁵⁵/
Chengdu /kən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ken⁵⁵/
Kunming /kə̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /kən³¹/
Hefei /kən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /kəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /kə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /kəŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /kən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ken³³/
Wenzhou /kaŋ³³/
/ky³³/
Hui Shexian /kʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /kɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /kən³³/
Xiangtan /kən³³/
Gan Nanchang /kiɛn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ken⁴⁴/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /kɐn⁵³/
Nanning /kɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kun⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kyŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kɯŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kin²³/
Rime
Character 跟
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 痕 (53)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古痕切
Baxter kon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kən/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kən/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kən/
Li
Rong 		/kən/
Wang
Li 		/kən/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		gēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gan1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 跟
Reading # 1/1
No. 3921
Phonetic
component 		艮
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		根
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯːn/

Definitions[edit]

跟

  1. heel (of a foot, a shoe or a sock)
    足跟  ―  zúgēn  ―  heel
    鞋跟  ―  xiégēn  ―  heel of a shoe
  2. to follow
    跟我說／跟我说  ―  gēn wǒ shuō  ―  repeat after me
    不要跟著我！／不要跟着我！  ―  Bùyào gēnzhe wǒ!  ―  Stop following me!
  3. (of a woman) to marry
  4. with (together)
    跟朋友一起玩  ―  gēn péngyǒu yīqǐ wán  ―  go out with friends
  5. as (in comparisons)
    跟你媽一樣／跟你妈一样  ―  gēn nǐ mā yīyàng  ―  the same as your mother
  6. to; with
    你來跟大家說說這次旅遊的經歷。 [MSC, trad.]
    你来跟大家说说这次旅游的经历。 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ lái gēn dàjiā shuōshuō zhè cì lǚyóu de jīnglì. [Pinyin]
    Come tell everyone about your experience in the trip.
  7. and (joining nouns)
    弟弟跟我都喜歡游泳。 [MSC, trad.]
    弟弟跟我都喜欢游泳。 [MSC, simp.]
    Dìdi gēn wǒ dōu xǐhuan yóuyǒng. [Pinyin]
    My brother and I both like to swim.
  8. (dialectal Mandarin) at
  9. (Cantonese) to follow; to abide
    Synonym: 依 (yī) (Mandarin)
    跟足程序 [Cantonese]  ―  gan1 zuk1 cing4 zeoi6 [Jyutping]  ―  to fully follow the procedures
  10. (Waxiang) to act for someone
  11. (Waxiang) Used to introduce the direct object of a verb.
    跟履端來！／跟履端来！ [Waxiang]  ―  [kai⁵⁵ li²⁵ to⁵⁵ zɤ¹³] [IPA]  ―  Bring the shoes over here!
    跟門閉下。／跟门闭下。 [Waxiang]  ―  [kai⁵⁵ mai⁵⁵ pi³³ ka³³] [IPA]  ―  Close the door.
    • 接到以後，又跟女子通送到房裡去。 [Waxiang, trad.]
      接到以后，又跟女子通送到房里去。 [Waxiang, simp.]
      From: 2010, 向光训 (Xiang Guangxun), 《婚礼》, in 伍云姬 (Wu Yunji), 沈瑞清 (Shen Ruiqing), 《湘西古丈瓦乡话调查报告》, Shanghai: Shanghai Educational Publishing House, →ISBN, page 257
      [tɕ͡iɛ⁴¹ tau³³ i⁴¹ xəɯ²⁵ iəɯ²⁵ kai⁵⁵ ɳiəɯ²⁵⁻¹³ ts͡a tʰau⁵⁵ sau³³ tau³³ vɤŋ¹³ la²⁵ kʰəɯ³³] [IPA]
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 跟 (“to follow”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 跟, 跟隨, 跟從
Mandarin Beijing 跟
Taiwan 跟
Jinan 跟
Xi'an 跟
Wuhan 跟
Chengdu 跟
Yangzhou 跟
Hefei 跟
Singapore 跟
Cantonese Guangzhou 跟
Hong Kong 跟
Yangjiang 跟
Singapore (Guangfu) 跟
Gan Nanchang 跟
Hakka Meixian 跈, 跟
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 跈
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 跈
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 跈
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 跈
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 跈
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 跈
Jin Taiyuan 跟, 相跟
Northern Min Jian'ou 跟
Eastern Min Fuzhou 跟, 跇
Southern Min Xiamen 綴
Quanzhou 綴
Shishi 綴
Zhangzhou 綴
Taipei 綴
New Taipei (Sanxia) 綴
Kaohsiung 綴
Yilan 綴
Changhua (Lukang) 綴
Taichung 綴
Tainan 綴
Hsinchu 綴
Kinmen 綴
Penghu (Magong) 綴
Penang (Hokkien) 綴
Singapore (Hokkien) 綴
Manila (Hokkien) 綴
Chaozhou 綴
Singapore (Teochew) 綴
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 跟
Wu Suzhou 跟
Wenzhou 跟
Xiang Changsha 跟
Shuangfeng 跟
Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 與, 及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和, 與, 及, 與及 Cantonese
Mandarin Beijing 跟, 和
Taiwan 跟, 和
Yantai (Muping) 和
Jinan 和, 跟, 給
Wanrong 和
Wanrong (Ronghe) 連
Xi'an 跟, 連
Yinchuan 連
Lanzhou 跟, 和
Xining 帶, 和
Ürümqi 跟, 連, 和
Wuhan 跟
Chengdu 跟, 給, 和
Guiyang 跟, 同, 和
Guilin 跟, 和
Liuzhou 跟, 同, 和
Xuzhou 給
Yangzhou 跟, 交
Nanjing 告, 跟
Hefei 跟
Malaysia 和, 跟
Singapore 和, 跟
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 帶
Cantonese Guangzhou 同, 同埋
Hong Kong 同, 同埋
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 同
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 同
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 同
Macau 同, 同埋
Taishan 同埋
Kaiping (Chikan) 同, 同埋
Dongguan 同, 同埋
Yangjiang 鄧, 同
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 同
Penang (Guangfu) 同
Singapore (Guangfu) 同
Gan Nanchang 跟, 同
Lichuan 和
Pingxiang 同, 跟
Hakka Meixian 同, 摎
Yudu 澗
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 同
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 摎
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 同
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 摎
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 和
Hong Kong 摎
Kuching (Hepo) 佮
Huizhou Jixi 搭
Jin Taiyuan 和, 跟
Xinzhou 給
Northern Min Jian'ou 邀
Jian'ou (Dikou) 邀, 儉, 教
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 邀
Pucheng (Shibei) 邀, 跟
Eastern Min Fuzhou 共
Changle 共
Fuqing 共
Yongtai 共
Gutian 共
Fu'an 共
Ningde 共
Shouning 隨
Zhouning 傮, 共
Fuding 跟
Southern Min Xiamen 佮, 交
Xiamen (Tong'an) 佮
Quanzhou 佮, 交
Zhangzhou 佮
Tainan 佮
Penang (Hokkien) 佮
Singapore (Hokkien) 佮
Manila (Hokkien) 佮, 交
Chaozhou 佮, 共
Shantou 佮
Jieyang 佮
Singapore (Teochew) 佮
Pontianak (Teochew) 佮
Leizhou 共
Wenchang 共
Haikou 共
Qionghai 共
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 同, 同埋
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 跟, 邀
Wu Shanghai 脫, 脫仔, 得, 得仔, 搭, 搭仔, 交, 幫, 同, 跟
Shanghai (Chongming) 脫
Shanghai (Songjiang) 搭
Suzhou 搭, 搭仔
Danyang 同, 跟
Hangzhou 同
Ningbo 搭, 搭仔
Wenzhou 伉
Jinhua 亨, 跟
Xiang Changsha 跟
Loudi 跟
Shuangfeng 跟, 同
Dialectal synonyms of 在 (“at, in”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 於
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 在
Mandarin Beijing 在, 挨, 跟
Taiwan 在
Harbin 在
Jinan 在, 從
Wanrong 在
Xi'an 在
Ürümqi 在
Wuhan 在
Chengdu 在
Guiyang 在
Guilin 在
Liuzhou 在
Yangzhou 在
Nanjing 在
Hefei 在
Malaysia 在
Singapore 在
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 在
Cantonese Guangzhou 喺, 響
Hong Kong 喺, 響
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 喺, 在
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 喺, 響
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 在
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 在
Macau 喺
Guangzhou (Panyu) 喺, 響
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 響, 喺
Guangzhou (Conghua) 在
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 在
Foshan 喺, 響
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 喺, 響
Foshan (Shunde) 喺
Foshan (Sanshui) 喺
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 喺, 響
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 在
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 在
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 響, 揀
Zhuhai (Doumen) 揀
Jiangmen (Baisha) 喺
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 喺
Taishan 到, 響
Kaiping (Chikan) 到, 響
Enping (Niujiang) 到, 響
Heshan (Yayao) 響
Dongguan 響, 在, 喺
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 在
Yangjiang 在
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 喺, 響
Singapore (Guangfu) 喺
Gan Nanchang 在
Lichuan 在
Pingxiang 在
Hakka Meixian 嗨
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 在
Dongguan (Qingxi) 在
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 在
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 在
Conghua (Lütian) 在
Yudu 在
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 在
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 在
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 在
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 在
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 在
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 在
Hong Kong 在
Senai (Huiyang) 在
Kuching (Hepo) 在
Singapore (Dabu) 在
Jin Taiyuan 在
Xinzhou 在
Northern Min Jian'ou 到
Eastern Min Fuzhou 著, 在, 洽
Fuqing 著, 洽
Singapore (Fuqing) 著
Southern Min Xiamen 佇, 踮, 蹛
Quanzhou 佇, 踮, 蹛
Zhangzhou 佇, 咧, 蹛
Zhao'an 佇, 蹛
Taipei 佇
New Taipei (Sanxia) 佇
Kaohsiung 佇
Yilan 佇
Changhua (Lukang) 佇
Taichung 佇
Tainan 佇, 踮, 蹛
Hsinchu 佇
Kinmen 佇
Penghu (Magong) 佇
Penang (Hokkien) 佇, 蹛
Singapore (Hokkien) 佇, 壏
Manila (Hokkien) 佇, 踮
Chaozhou 在
Shantou 在
Shantou (Chenghai) 在
Shantou (Chaoyang) 在
Jieyang 在, 壏, 放
Haifeng 著
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 在
Singapore (Teochew) 在, 壏
Leizhou 佇, 放
Wenchang 佇
Singapore (Hainanese) 佇
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 在
Wu Shanghai 辣, 辣辣, 辣海, 辣該
Suzhou 勒
Danyang 在
Hangzhou 勒, 勒哈, 在
Ningbo 來, 來勒, 來的, 來東, 來當, 來該
Wenzhou 是
Xiang Changsha 在
Loudi 在
Shuangfeng 在
Dialectal synonyms of 把 (“particle introducing the object of the verb”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 將, 把
Mandarin Beijing 把
Taiwan 把
Jinan 把
Xi'an 把
Wuhan 把
Chengdu 把
Guilin 把
Yangzhou 把
Hefei 把, 幫
Singapore 把
Cantonese Guangzhou 將, 𢬿 dated
Hong Kong 將
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 將
Taishan 將
Kaiping (Chikan) 將, 𢬿, 討
Enping (Niujiang) 𢬿, 討
Yangjiang 將
Singapore (Guangfu) 將
Gan Nanchang 把
Hakka Meixian 將, 將把
Xingning 捉到
Huidong (Daling) 將
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 將
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 將
Changting 將
Wuping 拿
Wuping (Pingyu) 捉
Ninghua 把
Ruijin 將
Shicheng 拿
Shangyou (Shexi) 拿
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 將
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 將
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 將
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 將
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 將
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 將
Jin Taiyuan 把
Northern Min Jian'ou 拿, 邀
Eastern Min Fuzhou 將, 共, 揢
Matsu 揢
Southern Min Xiamen 將, 共
Quanzhou 將, 共
Zhangzhou 將, 共
Tainan 將, 共
Singapore (Hokkien) 將
Manila (Hokkien) 共
Chaozhou 將, 對, 個
Shantou 將, 把將, 對
Jieyang 將, 把, 把將, 對, 忐, 個
Haifeng 將
Singapore (Teochew) 將, 把將
Haikou 把
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 跟
Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 跟
Wu Shanghai 拿
Suzhou 拿
Ningbo 搭, 把 rare
Wenzhou 逮
Xiang Changsha 把
Shuangfeng 把
See also[edit]
  • (with): 同 (tóng), 陪 (péi)

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

simp. and trad.
 跟

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

跟

  1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 綴／缀 (“to follow”)

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

跟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

  • On (unclassified): こん (kon)
  • Kun: くびす (kubisu)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

跟 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

跟: Hán Nôm readings: cân, ngấn, ngân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=跟&oldid=78867496"