From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
U+8DEF, 路
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DEF

[U+8DEE]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8DF0]
U+F937, 路
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F937

[U+F936]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F938]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
13 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 157, +6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一竹水口 (RMHER), four-corner 67164, composition 𧾷)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1225, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37524
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1697, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3704, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8DEF

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡs): semantic + phonetic (OC *klaːɡ).

Etymology[edit]

Either related to (OC *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ, “to come, to arrive (obsolete)”) (Baxter, 1992) or from Austroasiatic (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kraʔ (road, way), whence Proto-Vietic *kraːʔ (→ fossilized Vietnamese & Muong khá (road, way)), Chong khraa, Kuy (k)na, and Proto-Waic *kraʔ. Possibly cognate with (OC *ɡ·raɡ).

"-year-old, in multiples of ten"
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese () (ji). See Japanese 三十路(みそじ) (misoji).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • diō̤ - colloquial;
  • lū - literary.
  • Eastern Min
  • Note:
    • diô - colloquial;
    • lô - literary.
  • Southern Min
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (23)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter luH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /luoH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /luoH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /loH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɔH/
    Li
    Rong
    /loH/
    Wang
    Li
    /luH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /luoH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    lou6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ luH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*Cə.rˁak-s/
    English road

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3856
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ɡ·raːɡs/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. road; path; street (Classifier: )
        ―  xiū  ―  to build a road
    2. pattern; arrangement; sequence
        ―    ―  train of thought
        ―  wén  ―  veined pattern
    3. way; method
        ―  shēng  ―  means of livelihood; way of subsistence
    4. journey
      回家回家  ―  Huíjiā de hěn yuǎn.  ―  It's a long journey to return home.
      身體 [Cantonese, trad.]
      身体 [Cantonese, simp.]
      keoi5 san1 tai2 hou2 heoi1, haang4 gei2 bou6 lou6 dou1 wui5 wan4. [Jyutping]
      His body is very weak, walking only a few steps already makes him dizzy.
      還有公里 [MSC, trad.]
      还有公里 [MSC, simp.]
      Háiyǒu yī gōnglǐ de yào zǒu. [Pinyin]
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    5. route
      進軍进军  ―  sān jìnjūn  ―  to advance along three routes
      12公交車12公交车  ―  12 gōngjiāochē  ―  No. 12 bus
    6. kind; type
    7. region
      人馬人马  ―  rénmǎ  ―  people from different places
    8. Classifier for lines or rows.
    9. -year-old, in multiples of ten; decade(s) of one's life; Used for describing the style of people in such age range.
      三十大叔  ―  sānshí dàshū  ―  a man in his thirties
      七十  ―  qīshí  ―  [JAV featuring] women in their seventies
    10. (historical) circuit (an administrative unit during the Song and Yuan dynasties)
    11. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. road, path, street
    2. journey
    3. way, method
    4. important position

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling

    From Old Japanese.[1]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Suffix[edit]

    () (-chi

    1. (obsolete) attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
      This usage has generally been replaced by () (ji) below.
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling

    Originally a rendaku (連濁) form of () (chi) above.[2]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Suffix[edit]

    () (-ji (di)?

    1. a road, a street
      (やま)()(なが)()
      yama-ji, naga-ji
      a mountain road, a long road
    2. attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
      ()()()
      Nara-ji
      road to Nara
    3. attaches to a time duration, indicating a trip taking that length of time
      (よっ)()()
      yokka-ji
      a four-day trip
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    みち
    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spellings



    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    みち2
    [noun] a way, a street, a road, an alley, a path, a pass for local traffic
    [noun] (figurative) a road, a path
    [noun] a way of doing something
    [proper noun] a female given name
    [proper noun] a surname
    Alternative spellings
    ,
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling (uncommon) of the above term.)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
    2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC luH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 롱〮 (Yale: lwó)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 길〮 (Yale: kíl) 로〯 (Yale: lwŏ)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾo̞(ː)] ~ [no̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)/(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun (gil ro), South Korea (gil no))

    1. Hanja form? of / (road, route; avenue, street). [affix; suffix]

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: lộ

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.