軟

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See also: 软 and 輭
軟 U+8EDF, 軟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8EDF
← 軞
[U+8EDE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 軠 →
[U+8EE0]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

軟 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十十弓人 (JJNO), four-corner 57082, composition ⿰車欠)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1240, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38213
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1716, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3518, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+8EDF

Chinese[edit]

trad. 軟
simp. 软
alternative forms 輭／软
耎

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (耎) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
陾 *njɯ, *noːʔ
腝 *nuːs, *njonʔ, *nuːns
堧 *noːls, *njon
稬 *noːls, *noːnʔ, *noːns
愞 *noːls, *noːns, *njonʔ
煗 *noːnʔ
餪 *noːnʔ
渜 *noːnʔ, *noːns
偄 *noːns, *njonʔ
瑌 *njon, *njonʔ
軟 *njonʔ
輭 *njonʔ
蝡 *njonʔ, *njunʔ
碝 *njonʔ
耎 *njonʔ
緛 *njonʔ
媆 *nuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njonʔ) : semantic 車 + phonetic 耎 (OC *njonʔ). 耎 turned into 欠 over time.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • loán - literary;
  • nńg/núi - vernacular (“soft; weak; easily moved; relaxed”).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 軟
Mandarin Beijing /ʐuan²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʐuan²¹³/
Tianjin /yan¹³/
/ʐuan¹³/
Jinan /luã⁵⁵/
Qingdao /yã⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʐuan⁵³/
Xi'an /vã⁵³/
Xining /uã⁵³/
Yinchuan /ʐuan⁵³/
Lanzhou /vɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ʐuan⁵¹/
/van⁵¹/
Wuhan /yɛn⁴²/
Chengdu /zuan⁵³/
Guiyang /zuan⁴²/
Kunming /ʐuã̠⁵³/
Nanjing /ʐuaŋ²¹²/
Hefei /ʐʊ̃²⁴/
/ʐən²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /zuæ̃⁵³/
Pingyao /nzuɑŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /ʐuæ̃⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵyø²³/
Suzhou /ŋø³¹/
Hangzhou /nuõ⁵³/
Wenzhou /ȵy³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ne³⁵/
Tunxi /ȵyɛ²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /yẽ⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ȵyẽ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵyɵn²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /ŋion⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ŋion²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jyn²³/
Nanning /yn²⁴/
Hong Kong /jyn¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /luan⁵³/
/nŋ̍⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nuoŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /nuiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /nɯŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /nui²¹³/
Rime
Character 軟
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 而兖切
Baxter nywenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ȵiuᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ȵʷiɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȵʑjuænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ȵwianX/
Li
Rong 		/ȵiuɛnX/
Wang
Li 		/ȵʑĭwɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȵʑi̯wɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ruǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jyun5
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 軟
Reading # 1/1
No. 10902
Phonetic
component 		耎
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		輭
Old
Chinese 		/*njonʔ/
Notes 俗輭字，集韻正體從㞋聲

Definitions[edit]

軟

  1. soft; flexible; pliable
    貓的毛摸上去很軟 [MSC, trad.]
    猫的毛摸上去很软 [MSC, simp.]
    māo de máo mō shàngqù hěn ruǎn [Pinyin]
    A cat's fur is soft to the touch.
    泥很軟，我們的腳都陷進去了。 [MSC, trad.]
    泥很软，我们的脚都陷进去了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Ní hěn ruǎn, wǒmen de jiǎo dōu xiàn jìnqù le. [Pinyin]
    The mud was soft and our feet sank in.
  2. soft; gentle; mild; relaxed
    他的態度軟了下來。 [MSC, trad.]
    他的态度软了下来。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā de tàidù ruǎn le xiàlái. [Pinyin]
    His attitude has softened.
    他的聲音很軟。／他的声音很软。  ―  Tā de shēngyīn hěn ruǎn.  ―  His voice is very gentle.
  3. weak; feeble
    她的兩腿發軟。／她的两腿发软。  ―  Tā de liǎng tuǐ fā ruǎn.  ―  Her legs felt weak.
  4. (Cantonese, Hokkien) easily moved and swayed; empathic; unable to uphold the initial opinion

Antonyms[edit]

  • (antonym(s) of "soft"): 硬 (yìng)

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

軟

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. soft; flexible; pliable
  2. soft; gentle; mild
  3. weak; feeble

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

軟 • (yeon) (hangeul 연, revised yeon, McCune–Reischauer yŏn, Yale yen)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

軟: Hán Nôm readings: nhuyễn, nhiễn, nhũn, nhung

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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