連

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See also: 连 and 運
連 U+9023, 連
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9023
← 逢
[U+9022] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 逤 →
[U+9024]

連 U+F99A, 連
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F99A
← 蓮
[U+F999] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 鍊 →
[U+F99B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character[edit]

連 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜十田十 (YJWJ), four-corner 35300, composition ⿺辶車)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1259, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38902
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1747, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3836, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9023

Chinese[edit]

trad. 連
simp. 连*

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (連) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
連 *ren
漣 *ren
鰱 *ren
翴 *ren
鏈 *ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen
璉 *renʔ
僆 *renʔ, *reːns
摙 *renʔ, *rens
蓮 *renʔ, *reːn
嗹 *reːn
縺 *reːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 辶 (“to walk”) + 車 (“chariot”) – man-drawn carriage.

According to Duan Yucai, 聯／联 (lián) and 連 are two characters for a same word, with the former used in the Zhou dynasty and the latter in the Han dynasty.

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rjan (“equal; to place in a row; to align; row”); related to 聯 (OC *ɡ·ron) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • liân/lên - literary (incl. surname);
  • nî (黃連), liâm (連鞭) - vernacular.
Note:
  • liang5 - Shantou;
  • liêng5 - Chaozhou;
  • hian5 - alternative pronunciation for surname sense.
Rime
Character 連
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 仙 (77)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力延切
Baxter ljen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/liᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liɛn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ljæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lian/
Li
Rong 		/liɛn/
Wang
Li 		/lĭɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯ɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lin4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 連 連
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lián lián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ljen › ‹ ljen ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.ra[n]/ /*[r]a[n]/
English [surname] connect in a row

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 連
Reading # 1/1
No. 7992
Phonetic
component 		連
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		連
Old
Chinese 		/*ren/

Definitions[edit]

連

  1. (historical) man-drawn carriage
  2. to link; to join; to connect
    我們忘了把電腦連上網線了。 [MSC, trad.]
    我们忘了把电脑连上网线了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒmen wàng le bǎ diànnǎo lián shàng wǎngxiàn le. [Pinyin]
    We forgot to connect the computer to the network cable.
    新運河將兩條河連在一起。 [MSC, trad.]
    新运河将两条河连在一起。 [MSC, simp.]
    Xīn yùnhé jiāng liǎng tiáo hé lián zàiyīqǐ. [Pinyin]
    The new canal links the two rivers.
  3. to ally with; to unite
  4. to involve; to implicate
  5. to simultaneously gain
  6. to include; including; counting
    連我在內共有十人出席。 [MSC, trad.]
    连我在内共有十人出席。 [MSC, simp.]
    Lián wǒ zài nèi gòngyǒu shí rén chūxí. [Pinyin]
    There were ten present including myself.
  7. continuously; successively; one after one; repeatedly
    連勝三局／连胜三局  ―  lián shèng sān jú  ―  to win three games in succession
    這種新鞭炮叫爆珠，可以連響。 [MSC, trad.]
    这种新鞭炮叫爆珠，可以连响。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè zhǒng xīn biānpào jiào Bàozhū, kěyǐ lián xiǎng. [Pinyin]
    This new firecracker called Bao Zhu could sound continuously.
  8. from; counting from
  9. and; with
  10. together; with each other
  11. hard; difficult; tough
  12. full; entire; whole
  13. (used in the 連…都/也… structures for emphasis) even; paradoxically
    他連畜生都不如，連自己的父母都不養活。 [MSC, trad.]
    他连畜生都不如，连自己的父母都不养活。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā lián xùshēng dōu bùrú, lián zìjǐ de fùmǔ dōu bù yǎnghuó. [Pinyin]
    He is no better than an animal, because he doesn't even support his own parents.
    甚至連孩子都看得懂這本書。 [MSC, trad.]
    甚至连孩子都看得懂这本书。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shènzhì lián háizǐ dōu kàn dé dǒng zhè běn shū. [Pinyin]
    Even a child can understand the book
  14. affinity; relationship by marriage
  15. (military) company (consisting of platoons (排) and forming part of a battalion (營))
    他以為新兵連都是“刀光劍影”“舞槍弄棒”的生活，沒想到卻是三點一線的固定生活模式和枯燥乏味的訓練內容。 [MSC, trad.]
    他以为新兵连都是“刀光剑影”“舞枪弄棒”的生活，没想到却是三点一线的固定生活模式和枯燥乏味的训练内容。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā yǐwèi xīnbīng lián dōu shì “dāo guāng jiàn yǐng” “wǔ qiāng nòng bàng” de shēnghuó, méi xiǎngdào què shì sāndiǎnyīxiàn de gùdìng shēnghuó móshì hé kūzào fáwèi de xùnliàn nèiróng. [Pinyin]
    He thought that life in a company made up of new recruits would be filled with exciting maneuvers, but he did not expect it to be a monotonous routine with boring training content.
  16. (grammar) Short for 連詞／连词 (liáncí, “conjunction”).
  17. a surname
    連戰／连战  ―  Lián Zhàn  ―  Lien Chan (chairman of the Kuomintang from 2000 to 2005)
Synonyms[edit]
  • (to link):
  • (to include):
  • (continuously):
  • (even):

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

連

  1. † difficult

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

連

  1. ‡ to reach
  2. † to remove

Etymology 4[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

連

  1. Only used in 連石／连石.

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 連
Kyūjitai
[1]
連
&#xF99A;
or
連+&#xFE00;?
連󠄀
連+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
連󠄃
連+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

連

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 連)

  1. take along; lead; join; connect
  2. (used as a suffix) party; company; group; set

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
連
れん
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Middle Chinese 連 (liᴇn)

Noun[edit]

連(れん) • (ren) 

  1. (of paper) a ream
  2. (poetry) a stanza; a verse

Suffix[edit]

連(れん) • (-ren) 

  1. a group of people
  2. amount of times consecutively

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
連
むらじ
Grade: 4
nanori

Old Japanese [Term?], from 村 (mura, “village”) +‎ 主 (nushi, “chief”)

Proper noun[edit]

連(むらじ) • (Muraji) 

  1. (historical) the second-lowest of the 八色の姓 (Yakusa no Kabane, “eight hereditary titles promulgated by Emperor Tenmu”) [from 675 CE]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ “連”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

連 (eumhun 잇닿을 련 (itda'eul ryeon), South Korea 잇닿을 연 (itda'eul yeon))

  1. Hanja form? of 련/연 (“take along; lead; join; connect”).

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

連: Hán Nôm readings: liên, liền

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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