霜
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
霜 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 一月木月山 (MBDBU), four-corner 10963, composition ⿱雨相)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1376, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42363
- Dae Jaweon: page 1885, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4070, character 2
- Unihan data for U+971C
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 霜 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 霜 | |
2nd round simp. | ⿱⿻丅⿱冖⿰丶丶双 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sraŋ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 相 (OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs).
Etymology[edit]
From 涼 (OC *ɡ·raŋ) with an s- (nominalizer) prefix (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
霜
- frost
- frost-like powder
- (medicine) cream
- (literary, figurative) white
- (Southern Min) ice
Synonyms[edit]
- (ice):
Compounds[edit]
- 七十瓦上霜,八十不稀奇 (qīshí wǎ shàng shuāng, bāshí bù xīqí)
- 傲雪凌霜
- 傲雪欺霜
- 傲霜
- 傲霜枝
- 傲霜鬥雪/傲霜斗雪
- 兩鬢飛霜/两鬓飞霜
- 六月飛霜/六月飞霜 (liùyuèfēishuāng)
- 冒霜撥露/冒霜拨露
- 冰霜 (bīngshuāng)
- 冷若冰霜
- 冷霜霜
- 冽霜
- 凝霜 (níngshuāng)
- 初霜
- 含霜
- 嚴霜/严霜
- 字挾風霜/字挟风霜
- 孤霜
- 寒霜
- 履霜
- 履霜之戒
- 履霜堅冰/履霜坚冰
- 履霜知冰
- 披霜冒露
- 早霜
- 星霜 (xīngshuāng)
- 春露秋霜
- 晚霜
- 柿霜
- 欺霜傲雪
- 滿面雪霜/满面雪霜
- 潘鬢成霜/潘鬓成霜
- 無霜期/无霜期 (wúshuāngqī)
- 琨玉秋霜 (kūn yù qiū shuāng)
- 百草霜
- 眠霜臥雪/眠霜卧雪
- 砒霜 (pīshuāng)
- 秋霜
- 糖霜 (tángshuāng)
- 終霜/终霜
- 羊霜腸/羊霜肠
- 臥月眠霜/卧月眠霜
- 臥雪眠霜/卧雪眠霜
- 范履霜
- 草上霜
- 茯苓霜
- 葛屨履霜/葛屦履霜
- 蔗霜
- 蜜餞砒霜/蜜饯砒霜 (mìjiànpīshuāng)
- 蟲霜水旱/虫霜水旱
- 貴霜/贵霜 (Guìshuāng)
- 貴霜王朝/贵霜王朝
- 金雞納霜/金鸡纳霜 (jīnjīnàshuāng)
- 鋪霜湧雪/铺霜涌雪 (pūshuāngyǒngxuě)
- 防曬霜/防晒霜 (fángshàishuāng)
- 防霜林
- 降霜
- 除霜 (chúshuāng)
- 雪上加霜 (xuěshàngjiāshuāng)
- 霏霜
- 霜兒/霜儿
- 霜凍/霜冻 (shuāngdòng)
- 霜天 (shuāngtiān)
- 霜威
- 霜害 (shuānghài)
- 霜月 (Shuāngyuè)
- 霜毫
- 霜淇淋 (shuāngqílín)
- 霜禽
- 霜舂雨薪
- 霜蹄
- 霜鋒/霜锋
- 霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
- 霜隕/霜陨
- 霜雪 (shuāngxuě)
- 霜露之思
- 霜鬢/霜鬓
- 面霜 (miànshuāng)
- 風刀霜劍/风刀霜剑
- 風霜/风霜 (fēngshuāng)
- 飛霜/飞霜
- 飽經霜雪/饱经霜雪
- 飽經風霜/饱经风霜 (bǎojīngfēngshuāng)
- 鹽霜/盐霜 (yánshuāng)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- “霜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
霜
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: しょう (shō)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)←さう (sau, historical)
- Kun: しも (shimo, 霜, Jōyō)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
Etymology[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
霜 |
しも Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
⟨simo₁⟩ → /simo/ → /ɕimo/
From Old Japanese, first attested in the Harima Fudoki of 715 CE,[1] in turn from Proto-Japonic *simo.
Thought to be cognate with or derived from 下 (⟨simo1⟩ → shimo, “bottom, lower part”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- frost (ice crystals in objects exposed to the air)
- Synonym: フロスト (furosuto)
- (by extension) ice adhered inside an electric refrigerator
- (figurative) white hair
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 霜曇, 霜曇り (shimogumori)
- 霜月 (shimotsuki)
- 霜柱 (shimobashira)
- 秋霜 (akishimo)
- 大霜 (ōshimo)
- 晩霜 (osojimo)
- 露霜 (tsuyujimo)
- 初霜 (hatsushimo)
- 夕霜 (yūshimo)
Idioms[edit]
Proverbs[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- a surname
References[edit]
- ^ “霜”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 霜 (MC srjang). Recorded as Middle Korean 사ᇰ (sang) (Yale: sang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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