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See also:
U+9818, 領
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9818

[U+9817]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9819]
U+F9B4, 領
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9B4

[U+F9B3]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9B5]

Translingual[edit]

Japanese
Simplified
Traditional

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 181, +5, 14 strokes, cangjie input 人戈一月金 (OIMBC), four-corner 81386, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1402, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43423
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1919, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4365, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9818

Chinese[edit]

trad.
simp.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *reŋʔ): phonetic (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs) + semantic .

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/m-liŋ (neck) (STEDT, Schuessler 2007). Cognate with Tibetan མཇིང་པ (mjing pa, neck), Mizo ring (neck), Burmese လည် (lany, neck). Semantics: "neck, collar" > ("to take by the neck" > ) "to lead, to guide" (Schuessler 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • ling5 - literary;
  • leng5 - vernacular.
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Note:
    • liāng - vernacular;
    • līng - literary.
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • léng - literary;
    • niá - vernacular.
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (121)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ljengX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /liᴇŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /liɛŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /liæŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /liajŋX/
    Li
    Rong
    /liɛŋX/
    Wang
    Li
    /lĭɛŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /li̯ɛŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    lǐng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ling5
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    lǐng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ljengX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[r]eŋʔ/
    English neck

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 8280
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*reŋʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. neck
    2. collar (Classifier: c)
    3. main point
        ―  yàolǐng  ―  gist
    4. to lead; to guide
        ―  lǐngdǎo  ―  to guide
    5. to get; to receive
        ―  lǐngjiǎng  ―  to get a prize
    6. to understand
        ―  lǐnghuì  ―  to grasp
    7. Classifier for items such as clothes, mats and screens.
      [Hokkien]  ―  chi̍t niá saⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  a shirt
    8. a surname

    Synonyms[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (りょう) (ryō)
    • Korean: 영(領) (yeong), 령(領) (ryeong)
    • Vietnamese: lĩnh ()

    Others:

    • Indonesian: nia (collar)
    • Old Turkic: ling
      • Turkmen: lüň (mark for border)

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. jurisdiction
    2. dominion
    3. territory
    4. fief
    5. reign

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    えり
    Grade: 5
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    えりS
    [noun] a neckband; a collar; a lapel
    [noun] nape (back part of the neck)
    Alternative spelling
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    りょう
    Grade: 5
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC ljengX).

    Noun[edit]

    (りょう) (ryō

    1. territory of a country

    Suffix[edit]

    (りょう) (-ryō

    1. of a territory, belonging to a country
      フランス(りょう)ポリネシア
      Furansu-ryō Porineshia
      French Polynesia

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 거느릴 (geoneuril ryeong), South Korea 거느릴 (geoneuril yeong))

    1. Hanja form? of / (leading; dominion; jurisdiction).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: lĩnh, lãnh, lảnh, lỉnh, lểnh, lễnh, lính

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.