kaiho

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See also: kaihō

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *kaiho (harm, damage, loss), from Proto-Uralic *kajša-w (sickness).[1] Cognate with Estonian kahju, Ingrian kaiho, Karelian kaiho, Livonian ka’i, Võro kaih and Votic kaiho.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ho/, [ˈkɑ̝i̯ɦo̞]
  • Rhymes: -ɑiho
  • Syllabification(key): kai‧ho

Noun[edit]

kaiho

  1. hopeless longing, saudade

Declension[edit]

Inflection of kaiho (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative kaiho kaihot
genitive kaihon kaihojen
partitive kaihoa kaihoja
illative kaihoon kaihoihin
singular plural
nominative kaiho kaihot
accusative nom. kaiho kaihot
gen. kaihon
genitive kaihon kaihojen
partitive kaihoa kaihoja
inessive kaihossa kaihoissa
elative kaihosta kaihoista
illative kaihoon kaihoihin
adessive kaiholla kaihoilla
ablative kaiholta kaihoilta
allative kaiholle kaihoille
essive kaihona kaihoina
translative kaihoksi kaihoiksi
abessive kaihotta kaihoitta
instructive kaihoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of kaiho (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kaihoni kaihoni
accusative nom. kaihoni kaihoni
gen. kaihoni
genitive kaihoni kaihojeni
partitive kaihoani kaihojani
inessive kaihossani kaihoissani
elative kaihostani kaihoistani
illative kaihooni kaihoihini
adessive kaihollani kaihoillani
ablative kaiholtani kaihoiltani
allative kaiholleni kaihoilleni
essive kaihonani kaihoinani
translative kaihokseni kaihoikseni
abessive kaihottani kaihoittani
instructive
comitative kaihoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kaihosi kaihosi
accusative nom. kaihosi kaihosi
gen. kaihosi
genitive kaihosi kaihojesi
partitive kaihoasi kaihojasi
inessive kaihossasi kaihoissasi
elative kaihostasi kaihoistasi
illative kaihoosi kaihoihisi
adessive kaihollasi kaihoillasi
ablative kaiholtasi kaihoiltasi
allative kaihollesi kaihoillesi
essive kaihonasi kaihoinasi
translative kaihoksesi kaihoiksesi
abessive kaihottasi kaihoittasi
instructive
comitative kaihoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kaihomme kaihomme
accusative nom. kaihomme kaihomme
gen. kaihomme
genitive kaihomme kaihojemme
partitive kaihoamme kaihojamme
inessive kaihossamme kaihoissamme
elative kaihostamme kaihoistamme
illative kaihoomme kaihoihimme
adessive kaihollamme kaihoillamme
ablative kaiholtamme kaihoiltamme
allative kaihollemme kaihoillemme
essive kaihonamme kaihoinamme
translative kaihoksemme kaihoiksemme
abessive kaihottamme kaihoittamme
instructive
comitative kaihoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kaihonne kaihonne
accusative nom. kaihonne kaihonne
gen. kaihonne
genitive kaihonne kaihojenne
partitive kaihoanne kaihojanne
inessive kaihossanne kaihoissanne
elative kaihostanne kaihoistanne
illative kaihoonne kaihoihinne
adessive kaihollanne kaihoillanne
ablative kaiholtanne kaihoiltanne
allative kaihollenne kaihoillenne
essive kaihonanne kaihoinanne
translative kaihoksenne kaihoiksenne
abessive kaihottanne kaihoittanne
instructive
comitative kaihoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kaihonsa kaihonsa
accusative nom. kaihonsa kaihonsa
gen. kaihonsa
genitive kaihonsa kaihojensa
partitive kaihoaan
kaihoansa
kaihojaan
kaihojansa
inessive kaihossaan
kaihossansa
kaihoissaan
kaihoissansa
elative kaihostaan
kaihostansa
kaihoistaan
kaihoistansa
illative kaihoonsa kaihoihinsa
adessive kaihollaan
kaihollansa
kaihoillaan
kaihoillansa
ablative kaiholtaan
kaiholtansa
kaihoiltaan
kaihoiltansa
allative kaiholleen
kaihollensa
kaihoilleen
kaihoillensa
essive kaihonaan
kaihonansa
kaihoinaan
kaihoinansa
translative kaihokseen
kaihoksensa
kaihoikseen
kaihoiksensa
abessive kaihottaan
kaihottansa
kaihoittaan
kaihoittansa
instructive
comitative kaihoineen
kaihoinensa

Derived terms[edit]

compounds

References[edit]

  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “kaiho”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Ingrian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *kaiho. Cognates include Finnish kaiho and Estonian kahju.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kaiho

  1. whining
  2. craving, longing
  3. loss, damage

Declension[edit]

Declension of kaiho (type 4/koivu, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kaiho kaihot
genitive kaihon kaihoin, kaiholoin
partitive kaihoa kaihoja, kaiholoja
illative kaihoo kaihoi, kaiholoihe
inessive kaihoos kaihois, kaiholois
elative kaihost kaihoist, kaiholoist
allative kaiholle kaihoille, kaiholoille
adessive kaihool kaihoil, kaiholoil
ablative kaiholt kaihoilt, kaiholoilt
translative kaihoks kaihoiks, kaiholoiks
essive kaihonna, kaihoon kaihoinna, kaiholoinna, kaihoin, kaiholoin
exessive1) kaihont kaihoint, kaiholoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Votic: kaiho

References[edit]

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 123

Votic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Ingrian kaiho.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ho/, [ˈkɑi̯ho]
  • Rhymes: -ɑi̯ho
  • Hyphenation: kai‧ho

Noun[edit]

kaiho

  1. loss, damage, harm

Inflection[edit]

Declension of kaiho (type II/võrkko, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kaiho kaihod
genitive kaiho kaihojõ, kaihoi
partitive kaihoa kaihoitõ, kaihoi
illative kaihosõ, kaiho kaihoisõ
inessive kaihoz kaihoiz
elative kaihossõ kaihoissõ
allative kaiholõ kaihoilõ
adessive kaihollõ kaihoillõ
ablative kaiholtõ kaihoiltõ
translative kaihossi kaihoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References[edit]

  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “kaiho”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn