Wiktionary:About Chinese/Southern Pinghua

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Southern Pinghua (Chinese: 南部平話) is a language subfamily of the Yue branch of Chinese. Currently under Wiktionary, the Yue branch does not exist, so Southern Pinghua is classified as a direct descendent family of Middle Chinese.

Nanning Pinghua[edit]

Currently, Nanning Pinghua, the representative lect, is included in Wiktionary, with Tingzi (亭子) being the representative locality. For the romanization, Jyutping++ is adopted as below.

Initials[edit]

Under the current analysis, Nanning Pinghua has 22 initials, including the zero-initial.

Jyutping++ IPA Examples
b /p/ 卑皮班八
p /pʰ/ 披盼匹
m /m/ 魔眉晚襪／魔眉晚袜
f /f/ 非肥反法
w /β/ 花華彎挖／花华弯挖
d /t/ 都圖單達／都图单达
t /tʰ/ 土炭塌
n /n/ 挼奴難捺／挼奴难捺
l /l/ 拉梨懶辣／拉梨懒辣
z /t͡s/ 知遲殘札／知迟残札
c /t͡sʰ/ 癡餐察／痴餐察
nj /ɲ/ 毅兒顏日／毅儿颜日
s /s/ 詩時山殺／诗时山杀
sl /ɬ/ 思邪散薩／思邪散萨
j /j/ 丫呀引瞎
g /k/ 基奇肝葛
k /kʰ/ 契款咳
ng /ŋ/ 椏嘢岸鰐／桠嘢岸鳄
h /h/ 稀胡汗渴
gw /kʷ/ 瓜葵關括／瓜葵关括
kw /kʰʷ/ 跨坤搉
∅ — 鴉禍安壓／鸦祸安压

Finals[edit]

Under the current analysis, Nanning Pinghua has 49 finals, including a syllabic /ŋ̍/.

-i -u -m -n -ng -p -t -k
aa aa
/a/
巴 		aai
/ai/
排 		aau
/au/
包 		aam
/am/
暗 		aan
/an/
安 		aang
/aŋ/
鋼 		aap
/ap̚/
鴨 		aat
/at̚/
壓 		aak
/ak̚/
惡
a ai
/əi/
悲 		au
/əu/
歐 		am
/əm/
今 		an
/ən/
因 		ang
/əŋ/
增 		ap
/əp̚/
急 		at
/ət̚/
七 		ak
/ək̚/
亦
e e
/e/
孖 		eu
/eu/
膠 		em
/em/
鉗 		en
/en/
片 		iang
/iɐŋ/
央 		ep
/ep̚/
夾 		et
/et̚/
割 		iak
/iɐk̚/
藥
o o
/o/
波 		on
/on/
瞞 		ot
/ot̚/
沒
i i
/i/
卑 		iu
/iu/
妖 		im
/im/
鹽 		in
/in/
煎 		ing
/ɪŋ/
英 		ip
/ip̚/
葉 		it
/it̚/
必 		ik
/ɪk̚/
益
u u
/u/
婆 		ui
/ui/
杯 		un
/un/
碗 		ung
/ʊŋ/
汪 		ut
/ut̚/
闊 		uk
/ʊk̚/
或
yu yu
/y/
豬 		yun
/yun/
煙 		yut
/yut̚/
乙
oe oe
/ø/
靴而 		oeng
/øŋ/
翁 		oek
/øk̚/
屋
ng ng
/ŋ̍/
吳

Tones[edit]

Nanning Pinghua has 10 tones, which are represented by 6 symbols.

Jyutping++ IPA Category Examples
1 /⁵³/ light level (陰平) 詩
2 /³³/ light rising (陰上) 屎
3 /⁵⁵/ light departing (陰去) 世
4 /²¹/ dark level (陽平) 時
5 /²⁴/ dark rising (陽上) 市
6 /²²/ dark departing (陽去) 是
3 /⁵⁵/ upper light entering (上陰入) 粒
2 /³³/ lower light entering (下陰入) 得
5 /²⁴/ upper dark entering (上陽入) 劣
6 /²²/ lower dark entering (下陽入) 絕

Allophonic relations[edit]

  • As with Jyutping for Cantonese, we use an analysis where glides are all transferred to (part of) the initial. For example:
    • We analyse /uai ~ βai/ with initial ⟨w⟩ and final ⟨aai⟩.
    • We analyse /kuai ~ kwai/ with initial ⟨kw⟩ and final ⟨aai⟩.
  • As with Jyutping for Cantonese, we disallow syllables starting with a low vowel. For example:
    • ⟨ji⟩ is preferred over *⟨i⟩ for /ji ~ i/.
    • ⟨wu⟩ is preferred over *⟨u⟩ for /βu ~ u/.
    • ⟨jyu⟩ is preferred over *⟨yu⟩ for /jy ~ y/.
    • However, for our analysis, /iɐ/ does not count as starting with a low vowel, because it is an allophone of /e/ before /ŋ/ and /k̚/, so ⟨iak⟩ /iɐk̚/ and ⟨jak⟩ /jək̚/ are both valid syllables.

Input format[edit]

In the pronunciation section of each entry, under the {{zh-pron}} template, use the |sp= parameter to indicate the pronunciation of the entry in Jyutping++ as described above. Use commas , without spaces to separate alternate readings.

|sp=njoek5,njyu6

|sp=njyu6 mai5

See also[edit]

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