εἰλύω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The gloss γέλουτρον (géloutron, “case, pod”) points to an earlier form *ϝέλυτρον (*wélutron), identical with Sanskrit वरुत्र (varutra, “cloak, mantle, upper garment”). Theoretically, this verb could derive from a pre-form *ϝελ-ν-ύ-ω (*wel-n-ú-ō) and agree with Sanskrit वृणोति (vṛṇoti, “to cover, screen”), but the Greek word is late and rare, which makes the identification less probable. This verb has also been linked to Old Armenian գելում (gelum, “to twist, squeeze”), Latin volvō (“I roll, tumble”) and Proto-Germanic *walwijaną (“to roll”). Note that εἴλῡμα (eílūma) has the same secondary long vowel as in Latin volūmen (“book, scroll, volume”); thus, the verb is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /eː.lý.ɔː/ → /iˈly.o/ → /iˈli.o/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eː.lý.ɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /iˈly.o/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈly.o/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈly.o/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈli.o/

Verb

εἰλῠ́ω • (eilúō)

1. to wrap, enfold, cover
2. (of a lame man) to crawl, wriggle

Conjugation

   Present: εἰλῠ́ω, εἰλῠ́ομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἰλῠ́ω	εἰλῠ́εις	εἰλῠ́ει	εἰλῠ́ετον	εἰλῠ́ετον	εἰλῠ́ομεν	εἰλῠ́ετε	εἰλῠ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	εἰλῠ́ω	εἰλῠ́ῃς	εἰλῠ́ῃ	εἰλῠ́ητον	εἰλῠ́ητον	εἰλῠ́ωμεν	εἰλῠ́ητε	εἰλῠ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἰλῠ́οιμῐ	εἰλῠ́οις	εἰλῠ́οι	εἰλῠ́οιτον	εἰλῠοίτην	εἰλῠ́οιμεν	εἰλῠ́οιτε	εἰλῠ́οιεν
	imperative		εἴλῠε	εἰλῠέτω	εἰλῠ́ετον	εἰλῠέτων		εἰλῠ́ετε	εἰλῠόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	εἰλῠ́ομαι	εἰλῠ́ῃ, εἰλῠ́ει	εἰλῠ́εται	εἰλῠ́εσθον	εἰλῠ́εσθον	εἰλῠόμεθᾰ	εἰλῠ́εσθε	εἰλῠ́ονται
	subjunctive	εἰλῠ́ωμαι	εἰλῠ́ῃ	εἰλῠ́ηται	εἰλῠ́ησθον	εἰλῠ́ησθον	εἰλῠώμεθᾰ	εἰλῠ́ησθε	εἰλῠ́ωνται
	optative	εἰλῠοίμην	εἰλῠ́οιο	εἰλῠ́οιτο	εἰλῠ́οισθον	εἰλῠοίσθην	εἰλῠοίμεθᾰ	εἰλῠ́οισθε	εἰλῠ́οιντο
	imperative		εἰλῠ́ου	εἰλῠέσθω	εἰλῠ́εσθον	εἰλῠέσθων		εἰλῠ́εσθε	εἰλῠέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		εἰλῠ́ειν				εἰλῠ́εσθαι
participle	m	εἰλῠ́ων				εἰλῠόμενος
	f	εἰλῠ́ουσᾰ				εἰλῠομένη
	n	εἰλῠ́ον				εἰλῠόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: εἴλῠον, εἰλῠόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴλῠον	εἴλῠες	εἴλῠε(ν)	εἰλῠ́ετον	εἰλῠέτην	εἰλῠ́ομεν	εἰλῠ́ετε	εἴλῠον
middle/ passive	indicative	εἰλῠόμην	εἰλῠ́ου	εἰλῠ́ετο	εἰλῠ́εσθον	εἰλῠέσθην	εἰλῠόμεθᾰ	εἰλῠ́εσθε	εἰλῠ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: εἰλῡ́σω, εἰλῡ́σομαι, εἰλῡθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἰλῡ́σω	εἰλῡ́σεις	εἰλῡ́σει	εἰλῡ́σετον	εἰλῡ́σετον	εἰλῡ́σομεν	εἰλῡ́σετε	εἰλῡ́σουσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἰλῡ́σοιμῐ	εἰλῡ́σοις	εἰλῡ́σοι	εἰλῡ́σοιτον	εἰλῡσοίτην	εἰλῡ́σοιμεν	εἰλῡ́σοιτε	εἰλῡ́σοιεν
middle	indicative	εἰλῡ́σομαι	εἰλῡ́σῃ, εἰλῡ́σει	εἰλῡ́σεται	εἰλῡ́σεσθον	εἰλῡ́σεσθον	εἰλῡσόμεθᾰ	εἰλῡ́σεσθε	εἰλῡ́σονται
	optative	εἰλῡσοίμην	εἰλῡ́σοιο	εἰλῡ́σοιτο	εἰλῡ́σοισθον	εἰλῡσοίσθην	εἰλῡσοίμεθᾰ	εἰλῡ́σοισθε	εἰλῡ́σοιντο
passive	indicative	εἰλῡθήσομαι	εἰλῡθήσῃ	εἰλῡθήσεται	εἰλῡθήσεσθον	εἰλῡθήσεσθον	εἰλῡθησόμεθᾰ	εἰλῡθήσεσθε	εἰλῡθήσονται
	optative	εἰλῡθησοίμην	εἰλῡθήσοιο	εἰλῡθήσοιτο	εἰλῡθήσοισθον	εἰλῡθησοίσθην	εἰλῡθησοίμεθᾰ	εἰλῡθήσοισθε	εἰλῡθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		εἰλῡ́σειν			εἰλῡ́σεσθαι		εἰλῡθήσεσθαι
participle	m	εἰλῡ́σων			εἰλῡσόμενος		εἰλῡθησόμενος
	f	εἰλῡ́σουσᾰ			εἰλῡσομένη		εἰλῡθησομένη
	n	εἰλῦσον			εἰλῡσόμενον		εἰλῡθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: εἴλῡσᾰ, εἰλῡσᾰ́μην, εἰλῡ́θην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἴλῡσᾰ	εἴλῡσᾰς	εἴλῡσε(ν)	εἰλῡ́σᾰτον	εἰλῡσᾰ́την	εἰλῡ́σᾰμεν	εἰλῡ́σᾰτε	εἴλῡσᾰν
	subjunctive	εἰλῡ́σω	εἰλῡ́σῃς	εἰλῡ́σῃ	εἰλῡ́σητον	εἰλῡ́σητον	εἰλῡ́σωμεν	εἰλῡ́σητε	εἰλῡ́σωσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἰλῡ́σαιμῐ	εἰλῡ́σειᾰς, εἰλῡ́σαις	εἰλῡ́σειε(ν), εἰλῡ́σαι	εἰλῡ́σαιτον	εἰλῡσαίτην	εἰλῡ́σαιμεν	εἰλῡ́σαιτε	εἰλῡ́σειᾰν, εἰλῡ́σαιεν
	imperative		εἴλῡσον	εἰλῡσᾰ́τω	εἰλῡ́σᾰτον	εἰλῡσᾰ́των		εἰλῡ́σᾰτε	εἰλῡσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	εἰλῡσᾰ́μην	εἰλῡ́σω	εἰλῡ́σᾰτο	εἰλῡ́σᾰσθον	εἰλῡσᾰ́σθην	εἰλῡσᾰ́μεθᾰ	εἰλῡ́σᾰσθε	εἰλῡ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	εἰλῡ́σωμαι	εἰλῡ́σῃ	εἰλῡ́σηται	εἰλῡ́σησθον	εἰλῡ́σησθον	εἰλῡσώμεθᾰ	εἰλῡ́σησθε	εἰλῡ́σωνται
	optative	εἰλῡσαίμην	εἰλῡ́σαιο	εἰλῡ́σαιτο	εἰλῡ́σαισθον	εἰλῡσαίσθην	εἰλῡσαίμεθᾰ	εἰλῡ́σαισθε	εἰλῡ́σαιντο
	imperative		εἴλῡσαι	εἰλῡσᾰ́σθω	εἰλῡ́σᾰσθον	εἰλῡσᾰ́σθων		εἰλῡ́σᾰσθε	εἰλῡσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	εἰλῡ́θην	εἰλῡ́θης	εἰλῡ́θη	εἰλῡ́θητον	εἰλῡθήτην	εἰλῡ́θημεν	εἰλῡ́θητε	εἰλῡ́θησᾰν
	subjunctive	εἰλῡθῶ	εἰλῡθῇς	εἰλῡθῇ	εἰλῡθῆτον	εἰλῡθῆτον	εἰλῡθῶμεν	εἰλῡθῆτε	εἰλῡθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	εἰλῡθείην	εἰλῡθείης	εἰλῡθείη	εἰλῡθεῖτον, εἰλῡθείητον	εἰλῡθείτην, εἰλῡθειήτην	εἰλῡθεῖμεν, εἰλῡθείημεν	εἰλῡθεῖτε, εἰλῡθείητε	εἰλῡθεῖεν, εἰλῡθείησᾰν
	imperative		εἰλῡ́θητῐ	εἰλῡθήτω	εἰλῡ́θητον	εἰλῡθήτων		εἰλῡ́θητε	εἰλῡθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		εἰλῦσαι			εἰλῡ́σᾰσθαι		εἰλῡθῆναι
participle	m	εἰλῡ́σᾱς			εἰλῡσᾰ́μενος		εἰλῡθείς
	f	εἰλῡ́σᾱσᾰ			εἰλῡσᾰμένη		εἰλῡθεῖσᾰ
	n	εἰλῦσᾰν			εἰλῡσᾰ́μενον		εἰλῡθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• δῐειλῠ́ω (dieilúō)
• εἰλῠθμός (eiluthmós)
• εἴλῡμᾰ (eílūma)
• εἴλῡσῐς (eílūsis)
• ἔλῠτρον (élutron)
• ἐξειλῠ́ω (exeilúō)
• κᾰτειλῠ́ω (kateilúō)
• σῠνειλῠ́ω (suneilúō)

 

Further reading

• “εἰλύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εἰλύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “εἰλύω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• εἰλύω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• εἰλύω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• εἰλύω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN