πέρας

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Perhaps akin to πείρω (peírō, “to pierce, to run through”) or περάω (peráō, “to drive right through”), see also πέρα (péra) and πέραν (péran), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to pierce”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pé.ras/ → /ˈpe.ras/ → /ˈpe.ras/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pé.ras/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ras/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ras/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ras/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ras/

Noun

πέρας • (péras) n (genitive πέρᾰτος); third declension

1. (also geometry) end, goal, extremity
   • 350 BCE – 250 BCE, Euclid, Elements 1:

     γραμμῆς δὲ πέρατα σημεῖα.

     grammês dè pérata sēmeîa.

     And the extremities of a line [are] points.

Declension

Third declension of τὸ πέρᾰς; τοῦ πέρᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πέρᾰς tò péras	τὼ πέρᾰτε tṑ pérate	τᾰ̀ πέρᾰτᾰ tà pérata
Genitive	τοῦ πέρᾰτος toû pératos	τοῖν περᾰ́τοιν toîn perátoin	τῶν περᾰ́των tôn perátōn
Dative	τῷ πέρᾰτῐ tôi pérati	τοῖν περᾰ́τοιν toîn perátoin	τοῖς πέρᾰσῐ / πέρᾰσῐν toîs pérasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ πέρᾰς tò péras	τὼ πέρᾰτε tṑ pérate	τᾰ̀ πέρᾰτᾰ tà pérata
Vocative	πέρᾰς péras	πέρᾰτε pérate	πέρᾰτᾰ pérata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.

Descendants

• Greek: πέρας (péras)

Further reading

• “πέρας”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πέρας”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• πέρας in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “πέρας”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4009 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• πέρας in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • accomplishment idem, page 6.
  • bound idem, page 90.
  • bourn idem, page 91.
  • cessation idem, page 122.
  • completion idem, page 152.
  • conclusion idem, page 156.
  • culmination idem, page 188.
  • end idem, page 272.
  • finality idem, page 320.
  • finish idem, page 321.
  • fulfilment idem, page 348.
  • goal idem, page 365.
  • limit idem, page 492.
  • measure idem, page 520.
  • period idem, page 607.

Greek

Etymology

From the Ancient Greek πέρας (péras).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpe.ɾas/

Noun

πέρας • (péras) n (plural πέρατα)

1. end

   στα πέρατα της γης/του κόσμου (to the ends of the earth/the world)

   στα πέρατα και βροχή του Μάρτη (until the end of the March rains)

Declension

declension of πέρας

case     \     number	singular	plural
nominative	πέρας •	πέρατα •
genitive	πέρατος •	περάτων •
accusative	πέρας •	πέρατα •
vocative	πέρας •	πέρατα •