πεδίον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ped-, and related to πούς (poús, “foot”). Compare πέδον (pédon, “soil, ground”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pe.dí.on/ → /peˈði.on/ → /peˈði.on/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pe.dí.on/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /peˈdi.on/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /peˈði.on/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /peˈði.on/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /peˈði.on/

Noun

πεδίον • (pedíon) n (genitive πεδίου); second declension

1. open country, field, plain, flat
2. metatarsus
3. female genitals
   • the Lysistrata:

     νὴ μὰ Δία Βοιωτία, καλόν γ’ ἔχουσα τὸ πεδίον

Usage notes

The line in the Lysistrata uses this term in an innuendo (wordplay on its usual meaning of "plain") to refer to a female's genitals.

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ πεδῐ́ον; τοῦ πεδῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πεδῐ́ον tò pedíon	τὼ πεδῐ́ω tṑ pedíō	τᾰ̀ πεδῐ́ᾰ tà pedía
Genitive	τοῦ πεδῐ́ου toû pedíou	τοῖν πεδῐ́οιν toîn pedíoin	τῶν πεδῐ́ων tôn pedíōn
Dative	τῷ πεδῐ́ῳ tôi pedíōi	τοῖν πεδῐ́οιν toîn pedíoin	τοῖς πεδῐ́οις toîs pedíois
Accusative	τὸ πεδῐ́ον tò pedíon	τὼ πεδῐ́ω tṑ pedíō	τᾰ̀ πεδῐ́ᾰ tà pedía
Vocative	πεδῐ́ον pedíon	πεδῐ́ω pedíō	πεδῐ́ᾰ pedía
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of πεδῐ́ον; πεδῐ́ου (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	πεδῐ́ον pedíon	πεδῐ́ω pedíō	πεδῐ́ᾰ pedía
Genitive	πεδῐ́ου / πεδῐοῖο / πεδῐ́οιο / πεδῐόο / πεδῐ́οο pedíou / pedioîo / pedíoio / pedióo / pedíoo	πεδῐ́οιῐν pedíoiin	πεδῐ́ων pedíōn
Dative	πεδῐ́ῳ pedíōi	πεδῐ́οιῐν pedíoiin	πεδῐ́οισῐ / πεδῐ́οισῐν / πεδῐ́οις pedíoisi(n) / pedíois
Accusative	πεδῐ́ον pedíon	πεδῐ́ω pedíō	πεδῐ́ᾰ pedía
Vocative	πεδῐ́ον pedíon	πεδῐ́ω pedíō	πεδῐ́ᾰ pedía
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ἐπίπεδος (epípedos)
• πεδίονδε (pedíonde)

 

Descendants

• → English: pedion, Pædion
• Greek: πεδίο (pedío)

Further reading

• “πεδίον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πεδίον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πεδίον”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πεδίον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• πεδίον in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πεδίον”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • champaign idem, page 123.
  • heath idem, page 393.
  • plain idem, page 616.
  • plateau idem, page 618.
  • stretch idem, page 825.
  • tract idem, page 885.