мокша

Moksha

Etymology

From Russian Мокша (Mokša, “Moksha River”). The name of the river is speculated to derive from a language of Baltic extraction. First attested use in early 12th century, William of Rubruck mentions Moksha as (Russian translation) Моксель (Mokselʹ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mokʃɑ/

Noun

мокша • (mokša)

1. Moksha (a person of Moksha ethnic group)
   • O. Je. Poljakov (1995) Učimsja govoritʹ po-mokšanski [Let's learn to speak Moksha], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN

     Коса тячи аньцек аф эряйхть мокшетне и эрзятне (..)

     Kosa ťači ańćek af eŕajhť mokšetńe i erźatńe (..)

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Declension

Indefinite declension of мокша

	singular	plural
nominative	мокша (mokša)	мокшет (mokšet)
genitive	мокшень (mokšeń)	—
dative	мокшенди (mokšenďi)	—
ablative	мокшеда (mokšeda)	—
inessive	мокшеса (mokšesa)	—
elative	мокшеста (mokšesta)	—
illative	мокшес (mokšes)	—
prolative	мокшева (mokševa)	—
comparative	мокшешка (mokšeška)	—
translative	мокшекс (mokšeks)	—
abessive	мокшефтома (mokšeftoma)	—
causative	мокшенкса (mokšenksa)	—

Definite declension of мокша

	singular	plural
nominative	мокшесь (mokšeś)	мокшетне (mokšetńe)
genitive	мокшеть (mokšeť)	мокшетнень (mokšetńeń)
dative	мокшети (mokšeťi)	мокшетненди (mokšetńenďi)

Derived terms

• мокшень (mokšeń)
• мокшень кяль (mokšeń käľ)
• мокшава (mokšava)

Russian

Etymology 1

From toponym Мокша (Mokša, “Moksha River”). The name of the river is speculated to derive from a language of Baltic extraction. First attested use in early 12th century, William of Rubruck mentions Moksha as (Russian translation) Моксель (Mokselʹ).

Neologism attested in at least 2019. Possibly due to the name's similarity to Москва́ (Moskvá).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈmokʂə]

Noun

мо́кша • (mókša) m anim (genitive мо́кши, nominative plural мо́кши, genitive plural мокш)

1. Mokshas (Moksha people)

   Synonym: мокша́не (mokšáne)

2. Moksha (a person of Moksha ethnicity)

   Synonym: мокша́нин (mokšánin)

3. (derogatory, offensive, neologism, Ukraine) people of the Russian Federation.
4. (derogatory, offensive, neologism, Ukraine) Russia.

Declension

Declension of мо́кша (anim fem-form sibilant-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	мо́кша mókša	мо́кши mókši
genitive	мо́кши mókši	мо́кш mókš
dative	мо́кше mókše	мо́кшам mókšam
accusative	мо́кшу mókšu	мо́кш mókš
instrumental	мо́кшей, мо́кшею mókšej, mókšeju	мо́кшами mókšami
prepositional	мо́кше mókše	мо́кшах mókšax

Usage notes

Senses 3 and 4 are offensive to ethnic Mokshas as it conflates them with the actions of the Russian government.

Etymology 2

Transliteration of Sanskrit मोक्ष (mokṣa)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈmokʂə]

Noun

мо́кша • (mókša) m anim (genitive мо́кши, nominative plural мо́кши, genitive plural мокш)

1. (Jainism, Hinduism) moksha

Declension

Declension of мо́кша (inan fem-form sibilant-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	мо́кша mókša	мо́кши mókši
genitive	мо́кши mókši	мо́кш mókš
dative	мо́кше mókše	мо́кшам mókšam
accusative	мо́кшу mókšu	мо́кши mókši
instrumental	мо́кшей, мо́кшею mókšej, mókšeju	мо́кшами mókšami
prepositional	мо́кше mókše	мо́кшах mókšax

References

• Pospelov, Yevgeny (1998) “Мокша”, in Ageeva, Ruf, editor, Географические названия мира. Топологический словарь [Geographic Names of the World. Toponymic Dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: ACT, Астрель, →ISBN
• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “Мокшан”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.