пелемс

Moksha

Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *peľə-, ultimately from Proto-Uralic *pele-. Cognates include Finnish pelätä, Northern Sami ballat, Hungarian fél.

Veršinin is unsure whether development from пяль (päľ, “half; side”) is possible, he wonders if the meaning could have changed from "side" to "step aside; avoid; fear."

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pʲelʲəms/

Verb

пелемс • (peľəms)

1. (intransitive) to fear, to be afraid
   • O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN

     Мон пелян

     Mon peľan

     I am afraid

     Монга аф пелян Тяштеняцень эзда

     Monga af peľan Ťašťeńaćeń ezda

     I too am not afraid of the Little Star [name of a cow in a short story]

     Нолась пели сталмода, кода калмода

     Nolaś peľi stalmoda, koda kalmoda

     The lazy fears difficulty/challenge like [he fears the] grave

Usage notes

The presumable object of the verb (i.e., the source of the fear) is put in ablative (-да (-da, “from”)), alternatively the postposition эзда (ezda, “from”) is used.

Conjugation

Subjective conjugation of пелемс

	Present / future
1st singular — мон (mon)	пелян (peľan)
2nd singular — тон (ton)	пелят (peľat)
3rd singular — сон (son)	пели (peľi)
1st plural — минь (miń)	пельхтяма (peľhťama)
2nd plural — тинь (ťiń)	пельхтяда (peľhťada)
3rd plural — синь (śiń)	пелихть (peľihť)
	Past I
1st singular — мон (mon)	пелень (peľeń)
2nd singular — тон (ton)	пелеть (peľeť)
3rd singular — сон (son)	пельсь (peľś)
1st plural — минь (miń)	пелеме (peľeme)
2nd plural — тинь (ťiń)	пеледе (peľeďe)
3rd plural — синь (śiń)	пельсть (peľsť)
	Compound future
1st singular — мон (mon)	карман пелема (karman peľema)
2nd singular — тон (ton)	кармат пелема (karmat peľema)
3rd singular — сон (son)	кармай пелема (karmaj peľema)
1st plural — минь (miń)	карматама пелема (karmatama peľema)
2nd plural — тинь (ťiń)	карматада пелема (karmatada peľema)
3rd plural — синь (śiń)	кармайхть пелема (karmajhť peľema)
	Imperative
2nd singular — тон (ton)	пельхть (peľhť)
2nd plural — тинь (ťiń)	пеледа (peľeda)
	Non-finite forms
verbal noun	пелема (peľema)
past passive participle	—
agentive / pres. act. part.	пели (peľi)
present passive participle	—

Subjective conjugation in other moods is possible.
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).