ճարմանդ

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ճարմանդ (čarmand).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ճարմանդ (čarmand)

  1. buckle, clasp
  2. cufflink
    Synonym: թեւքաճարմանդ (tʻewkʻačarmand)

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Old Armenian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Usually considered a word of unknown origin, for which an Iranian origin is to be sought.[1][2][3]

According to Olsen, perhaps from an Iranian reflex of Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (to turn) (compare Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬭𐬁𐬥𐬍 (carānī, I move, approach)).[4] This is unlikely, because no known Iranian reflex of that root has a form or meaning that fits ճարմանդ (čarmand).

Probably borrowed from an Iranian compound going back to Proto-Iranian *čárma (skin, hide, leather) and *bandah (tie; bond). Compare from the first root especially Persian چرمک (čarmak), Tajik чармак (čarmak), Yagnobi čarmák, Shughni чармак (čarmak), Wakhi čərmə́k, all referring to a loop that holds the spindle in the spinning wheel and that is often made of leather.[5][6] For the second part see բանտ (bant). The compound is attested in Sanskrit चर्मबन्ध (carma-bandha, a leather band or strap).

Noun[edit]

ճարմանդ (čarmand)

  1. loop, hook, curtain ring
    • 5th century, Bible, Exodus 36.12:
      Յիսուն ճարմանդ արար միոյ փեղկի, եւ յիսուն ճարմանդ արար ի կողմանէ փեղկին ըստ երկրորդի խառնուածոյն, առ ի խառնելոյ իւրաքանչիւր ճարմանդացն ընդ միմեանս։
      Yisun čarmand arar mioy pʻełki, ew yisun čarmand arar i kołmanē pʻełkin əst erkrordi xaṙnuacoyn, aṙ i xaṙneloy iwrakʻančʻiwr čarmandacʻn ənd mimeans.
      Fifty loops made he in one curtain, and fifty loops made he in the edge of the curtain which [was] in the coupling of the second: the loops held one [curtain] to another.

Usage notes[edit]

Attested only in the Old Testament, where it translates Ancient Greek ἀγκύλη (ankúlē).

Declension[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: ճարմանդ (čarmand)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “ճարմանդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 192ab
  2. ^ Džaukjan, G. B. (1967) Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language]‎[1] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 206, footnote 141
  3. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ճարմանդ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 490b
  4. ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 893
  5. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) “čarman-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 231—232
  6. ^ Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN, pages 136—137

Further reading[edit]

  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ճարմանդ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ճարմանդ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy