ان

See also: آن, أن, إن, اَِنْ, -ان, and ان-

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Conjunction

ان (ən)

1. one
2. Arabic spelling of en, alternative form of اَِنْ

Arabic

Etymology

Cognate to Hebrew ־ן

Suffix

ـَان • (-ān)

1. Suffix used in forming intensive adjectives of the pattern فَعْلَان (faʕlān), e.g. تَعْبَان (taʕbān, “tired”), عَطْشَان (ʕaṭšān, “thirsty”), غَضْبَان (ḡaḍbān, “angry”), زَعْلَان (zaʕlān, “annoyed”), كَسْلَان (kaslān, “lazy”), نَعْسَان (naʕsān, “drowsy”). These adjectives generally have a feminine in َـى (-ā), e.g. عَطْشَى (ʕaṭšā), كَسْلَى (kaslā), نَعْسَى (naʕsā).

Interfix

َـانـ • (-ān-)

1. Interfix used in forming nisba (relative) adjectives, inserted between the base noun and the ending ـِيّ (-iyy), e.g. أَنَانِيّ (ʔanāniyy, “selfish”), based on أَنَا (ʔanā) or عَالَمَانِيّ (ʕālamāniyy, “worldly, secular”), based on عَالَم (ʕālam, “world”).

Derived terms

Arabic terms interfixed with ان

Suffix

ـَانِ • (-āni)

1. Suffix added to a noun or adjective to form the nominative dual form.

Burushaski

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [un]

Pronoun

ان (un)

1. you; second-person singular pronoun

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [in]

Pronoun

ان (in)

1. he, she; third-person singular pronoun

References

• Bechtholdt, Astrid (2024) “un”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary) (in Burushaski), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017: “(in Latin script)”.

Kalami

Noun

ان (an) m

1. egg

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-gan, which is comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan and Proto-Tungusic *-kan.

Suffix

ان • (-an)

1. adjective-forming suffix that, added to the root of a verb, creates non-past participles

   ‎بورـ (bur-, “to twist, wring”) + ‎ان → ‎بوران (buran, “twisting, wringing, that twists or wrings”)

Derived terms

Ottoman Turkish terms suffixed with ـان

Descendants

• Turkish: -an

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “-an1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 238

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭠𐭭 (-ān). Compare Pashto ـونه (-ona), Northern Luri ـۆ(ن) (-ø(n)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɑːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔɔːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɒːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɔn]

Readings
Classical reading?	ān
Dari reading?	ān
Iranian reading?	ân
Tajik reading?	on

Suffix

Dari	ـان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	-он

ـان • (-ân)

1. A suffix forming the plural of nouns, chiefly animate ones.

   Hypernym: ها (-hâ, possible for any noun)

Usage notes

• In the formal standard language, -ân is usable with almost all words for persons and many animal names. It is also employed with a limited number of inanimate nouns, e.g. چشمان (češmân, “eyes”), سخنان (soxanân, “words”). In pre-modern or poetic texts it is used more freely. In the contemporary Iranian vernacular, on the other hand, the suffix is rare and only a handful of words are common, e.g. آقایان (âqâyân, “misters”), عزیزان ('azizân, “dear ones, friends”).
• The suffix becomes گان (-gân) after a native word in silent ه (-e), and یان (-yân) after و (-u) or ا (-a).

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Like etymology 1.

Suffix

Dari	ـان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	-он

ـان • (-ân)

1. A suffix attached to the present stem of verbs to derive adjectives.

   ‎خند (xand-, present stem of خندیدن (xandidan, “to laugh”)) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎خندان (xandân, “laughing”)

   ‎رو (rav-, present stem of رفتن (raftan, “to go”)) + ‎ـان (-ân) → ‎روان (ravân, “flowing”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔan]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔän]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔän]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔän]

Readings
Classical reading?	an
Dari reading?	an
Iranian reading?	an
Tajik reading?	an

Noun

ان • (an)

1. (vulgar) Alternative spelling of عن.

Etymology 4

English en.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /en/

Noun

ان • (en)

1. Transliteration of the name of the Latin-script letter n in English and other European languages.

Derived terms

• دی‌ان‌ای (di-en-ey)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic ـَان (-ān).

Suffix

ـان • (-ān)

1. Suffix used in forming intensive adjectives of the pattern فَعْلَان (faʕlān).

Usage notes

• Intensive adjectives often act as active participles of stative verbs, usually having the pattern فِعِل (fiʕil), for instance:

  عطش (ʕiṭiš, “to be thirsty”) → عطشان (ʕaṭšān, “thirsty”)

  حزن (ḥizin, “to get sad”) → حزنان (ḥaznān, “sad”)

See also

Category:South Levantine Arabic intensive adjectives

Torwali

Etymology

From Sanskrit अन्ध (andha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *andʰás.

Adjective

ان (an)

1. blind

Urdu

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit अन- (ana-).

Compare Middle Persian ʾn (an-).

Alternative forms

• اـ (before consonants)

Prefix

انـ • (an-) (Hindi spelling अन-)

1. A negating prefix. non-, un-, a-, an-, etc.

   ‎ان + ‎کہا (kahā, “said”) → ‎انکہا (ankahā, “unsaid, unspoken”)

Usage notes

This form is used before words that begin with vowels.

Etymology 2

Pronoun

اِن • (in) m pl or f pl (Hindi spelling इन)

1. (proximal) third-person plural objective personal pronoun: them
2. (oblique case) these; plural of اِس (is)
3. (formal, proximal) third-person singular objective personal pronoun: him, (oblique case) her
4. (formal, oblique case) this

Pronoun

اُن • (un) m pl or f pl (Hindi spelling उन)

1. (distal) third-person plural objective personal pronoun: them
2. (oblique case) those; plural of اُس (us)
3. (formal, distal) third-person singular objective personal pronoun: him, (oblique case) her
4. (formal, oblique case) that

Determiner

اِن • (in) pl (Hindi spelling इन)

1. (oblique case) these; plural of اِس (is)
2. (formal, oblique case) this

Determiner

اُن • (un) pl (Hindi spelling उन)

1. (oblique case) those; plural of اُس (us)
2. (formal, oblique case) that

See also

Urdu personal pronouns
Person	Description		Direct case	Indirect case	Ergative case	Dative/Accusative case
1st person	singular		مَیں (ma͠i)	مُجھ (mujh)	مَیں نے (ma͠i ne)	مُجھ کو (mujh ko), مُجھے (mujhe)
	formal (rare)		خَاکْسَار (xāksār)		خَاکْسَار نے (xāksār ne)	خَاکْسَار کو (xāksār ko)
	plural		ہَم (ham)		ہَم نے (ham ne)	ہَم کو (ham ko), ہَمیں (hamẽ)
2nd person	informal (intimate)		تُو (tū)	تُجھ (tujh)	تُو نے (tū ne)	تُجھ کو (tujh ko), تُجھے (tujhe)
	semiformal (familiar)		تُم (tum)		تُم نے (tum ne)	تُم کو (tum ko), تُمھیں (tumhẽ)
	formal (polite)		آپ (āp)		آپ نے (āp ne)	آپ کو (āp ko)
3rd person	proximal	singular / informal	یہ (ye)	اِس (is)	اِس نے (is ne)	اِس کو (is ko), اِسے (ise)
		plural / formal		اِن (in)	اِنْہوں نے (inhõ ne)	اِن کو (in ko), اِنْہیں (inhẽ)
	distal	singular / informal	وہ (vo)	اُس (us)	اُس نے (us ne)	اُس کو (us ko), اُسے (use)
		plural / formal		اُن (un)	اُنْہوں نے (unhõ ne)	اُن کو (un ko), اُنْہیں (unhẽ)