ترنج

Arabic

Alternative forms

• أُتْرُنْج (ʔutrunj), أُتْرُجّ (ʔutrujj)

Etymology

أُتْرُنْج (ʔutrunj) with epenthesis instead of prothesis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tu.rund͡ʒ/
• (Baḥrain) IPA^(key): /trind͡ʒ/

Noun

تُرُنْج • (turunj) m (collective, singulative تُرُنْجَة f (turunja))

1. citron (Citrus medica fruit and tree)
2. mandorla, citrus-shape for a center-medallion, or the medallion itself

Declension

Declension of noun تُرُنْج (turunj)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُرُنْج turunj	التُّرُنْج at-turunj	تُرُنْج turunj
Nominative	تُرُنْجٌ turunjun	التُّرُنْجُ at-turunju	تُرُنْجُ turunju
Accusative	تُرُنْجًا turunjan	التُّرُنْجَ at-turunja	تُرُنْجَ turunja
Genitive	تُرُنْجٍ turunjin	التُّرُنْجِ at-turunji	تُرُنْجِ turunji
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُرُنْجَة turunja	التُّرُنْجَة at-turunja	تُرُنْجَة turunjat
Nominative	تُرُنْجَةٌ turunjatun	التُّرُنْجَةُ at-turunjatu	تُرُنْجَةُ turunjatu
Accusative	تُرُنْجَةً turunjatan	التُّرُنْجَةَ at-turunjata	تُرُنْجَةَ turunjata
Genitive	تُرُنْجَةٍ turunjatin	التُّرُنْجَةِ at-turunjati	تُرُنْجَةِ turunjati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُرُنْجَتَيْن turunjatayn	التُّرُنْجَتَيْن at-turunjatayn	تُرُنْجَتَيْ turunjatay
Nominative	تُرُنْجَتَانِ turunjatāni	التُّرُنْجَتَانِ at-turunjatāni	تُرُنْجَتَا turunjatā
Accusative	تُرُنْجَتَيْنِ turunjatayni	التُّرُنْجَتَيْنِ at-turunjatayni	تُرُنْجَتَيْ turunjatay
Genitive	تُرُنْجَتَيْنِ turunjatayni	التُّرُنْجَتَيْنِ at-turunjatayni	تُرُنْجَتَيْ turunjatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُرُنْجَات turunjāt	التُّرُنْجَات at-turunjāt	تُرُنْجَات turunjāt
Nominative	تُرُنْجَاتٌ turunjātun	التُّرُنْجَاتُ at-turunjātu	تُرُنْجَاتُ turunjātu
Accusative	تُرُنْجَاتٍ turunjātin	التُّرُنْجَاتِ at-turunjāti	تُرُنْجَاتِ turunjāti
Genitive	تُرُنْجَاتٍ turunjātin	التُّرُنْجَاتِ at-turunjāti	تُرُنْجَاتِ turunjāti

Derived terms

• تُرُنْجِيّ (turunjiyy)
• تُرُنْجَان (turunjān)

Descendants

• → Amharic: ትርንጎ (tərəngo)
• → Middle Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)
  • Armenian: թուրինջ (tʻurinǰ)
• → Catalan: taronja
• → Ge'ez: ትርንጐ (tərəngʷä)
• → Middle Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi)
  • Georgian: თურინჯი (turinǯi), თრუნჯი (trunǯi)
• → Persian: ترنج (toronj)
• → Portuguese: toranja, toronja
• → Spanish: toronja
• → Sicilian: taroccu
• → Tigre: ትርንጎ (tərəngo), ትሩንጎ (tərungo)
• → Tigrinya: ትርንጒ (tərəngʷi)
• → Ottoman Turkish: ترنج (turunç, türünç), تورونج (turunç, türünç), تورنج (turunç, türünç)
  • Turkish: turunç

Baluchi

Noun

ترنج • (trunj)

1. citron

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• تورونج (turunç, türünç), تورنج (turunç, türünç)

Etymology

From Arabic تُرُنْج (turunj).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tuˈɾunt͡ʃ], [tʏˈɾʏnt͡ʃ]

Noun

ترنج • (turunç, türünç)

1. bitter orange

Related terms

• ترنجی (türünci, turuncu)

Descendants

• Turkish: turunç

References

• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ترنج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[1], Vienna, column 1162
• Zenker, Julius Theodor (1866) “ترنج”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 1 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 280

Persian

FWOTD – 25 May 2017

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تُرُنْج (turunj).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [tu.ɾund͡ʒ], [tu.ɾand͡ʒ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰʊ.ɾʊnd͡ʒ], [t̪ʰʊ.ɾänd͡ʒ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰu.ɾund͡ʒ̥], [t̪ʰu.ɾänd͡ʒ̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰo.ɹond͡ʒ̥], [t̪ʰo.ɹænd͡ʒ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰu.ɾund͡ʒ], [t̪ʰu.ɾänd͡ʒ]

Readings
Classical reading?	turunj, turanj
Dari reading?	turunj, turanj
Iranian reading?	toronj, toranj
Tajik reading?	turunj, turanj

Noun

ترنج • (classical turunj, turanj, iranian toronj, toranj)

1. citron (fruit)
2. (art) medallion created using rich arabesque patterns usually found in some artworks, especially that of a (Persian) carpet, an illuminated manuscript, or in Islamic tiles
   • Resalat Newspaper, [2]

     ترنج باید در مرکز فرش قرار گیرد

     toranj bâyad dar markaz-e farš qarâr girad

     The medallion should be placed in the center of carpet [...]

   • Goljaam Quarterly [3]

     بررسی نقش نمادین ترنج در فرش ایرانی

     barresi-ye naqš-e namâdin-e toranj dar farš-e irâni

     On the Symbolic Role of Medallion in Persian Carpet

Synonyms

• (citron): بادرنگ (bâdrang)

Derived terms

• ترنجیدن (classical turunjîdan, iranian toronjidan)
• ترنجی (classical turunjî, iranian toronji)

Descendants

• → Gujarati: તુરુંજ (turuñj), તુરંજ (turañj)

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “ترنج”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• بررسي ريشه شناختي چند فعل هورامي