جار
Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Root |
---|
ج و ر (j-w-r) |
From Proto-West Semitic *gawar-.
Verb[edit]
جَارَ • (jāra) I, non-past يَجُورُ (yajūru)
- to deviate, to stray
- to commit an outrage, to wrong, to persecute, to oppress, to tyrannize
- to encroach, to make inroads
Conjugation[edit]
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
jawr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
jāʔir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
majūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | jurtu |
jurta |
جَارَ jāra |
jurtumā |
jārā |
jurnā |
jurtum |
jārū | |||
f | jurti |
jārat |
jāratā |
jurtunna |
jurna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔajūru |
tajūru |
yajūru |
tajūrāni |
yajūrāni |
najūru |
tajūrūna |
yajūrūna | |||
f | tajūrīna |
tajūru |
tajūrāni |
tajurna |
yajurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔajūra |
tajūra |
yajūra |
tajūrā |
yajūrā |
najūra |
tajūrū |
yajūrū | |||
f | tajūrī |
tajūra |
tajūrā |
tajurna |
yajurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔajur |
tajur |
yajur |
tajūrā |
yajūrā |
najur |
tajūrū |
yajūrū | |||
f | tajūrī |
tajur |
tajūrā |
tajurna |
yajurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | jur |
jūrā |
jūrū |
||||||||
f | jūrī |
jurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | jīra |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yujāru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yujāra |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yujar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Etymology 2[edit]
Root |
---|
ج ر ر (j-r-r) |
Alternative forms[edit]
Verb[edit]
جَارَرَ or جَارَّ • (jārra or jārara) III, non-past يُجَارُّ or يُجَارِرُ (yujārru or yujāriru)
- to be in the neighborhood of, to live nextdoor to
- to adjoin
- to be in the vicinity, to be close to
- to border
Conjugation[edit]
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
jirār or mujārara or mujārra | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mujārr or mujārir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mujārr or mujārar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | jārartu |
jārarta |
جَارَّ or جَارَرَ jārra or jārara |
jārartumā |
jārrā or jārarā |
jārarnā |
jārartum |
jārrū or jārarū | |||
f | jārarti |
jārrat or jārarat |
jārratā or jāraratā |
jārartunna |
jārarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔujārru or ʔujāriru |
tujārru or tujāriru |
yujārru or yujāriru |
tujārrāni or tujārirāni |
yujārrāni or yujārirāni |
nujārru or nujāriru |
tujārrūna or tujārirūna |
yujārrūna or yujārirūna | |||
f | tujārrīna or tujārirīna |
tujārru or tujāriru |
tujārrāni or tujārirāni |
tujārirna |
yujārirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔujārra or ʔujārira |
tujārra or tujārira |
yujārra or yujārira |
tujārrā or tujārirā |
yujārrā or yujārirā |
nujārra or nujārira |
tujārrū or tujārirū |
yujārrū or yujārirū | |||
f | tujārrī or tujārirī |
tujārra or tujārira |
tujārrā or tujārirā |
tujārirna |
yujārirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔujārra or ʔujārri or ʔujārir |
tujārra or tujārri or tujārir |
yujārra or yujārri or yujārir |
tujārrā or tujārirā |
yujārrā or yujārirā |
nujārra or nujārri or nujārir |
tujārrū or tujārirū |
yujārrū or yujārirū | |||
f | tujārrī or tujārirī |
tujārra or tujārri or tujārir |
tujārrā or tujārirā |
tujārirna |
yujārirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | jārra or jārri or jārir |
jārrā or jārirā |
jārrū or jārirū |
||||||||
f | jārrī or jārirī |
jārirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | jūrirtu |
jūrirta |
jūrira |
jūrirtumā |
jūrirā |
jūrirnā |
jūrirtum |
jūrirū | |||
f | jūrirti |
jūrirat |
jūriratā |
jūrirtunna |
jūrirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔujārru or ʔujāraru |
tujārru or tujāraru |
yujārru or yujāraru |
tujārrāni or tujārarāni |
yujārrāni or yujārarāni |
nujārru or nujāraru |
tujārrūna or tujārarūna |
yujārrūna or yujārarūna | |||
f | tujārrīna or tujārarīna |
tujārru or tujāraru |
tujārrāni or tujārarāni |
tujārarna |
yujārarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔujārra or ʔujārara |
tujārra or tujārara |
yujārra or yujārara |
tujārrā or tujārarā |
yujārrā or yujārarā |
nujārra or nujārara |
tujārrū or tujārarū |
yujārrū or yujārarū | |||
f | tujārrī or tujārarī |
tujārra or tujārara |
tujārrā or tujārarā |
tujārarna |
yujārarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔujārra or ʔujārri or ʔujārar |
tujārra or tujārri or tujārar |
yujārra or yujārri or yujārar |
tujārrā or tujārarā |
yujārrā or yujārarā |
nujārra or nujārri or nujārar |
tujārrū or tujārarū |
yujārrū or yujārarū | |||
f | tujārrī or tujārarī |
tujārra or tujārri or tujārar |
tujārrā or tujārarā |
tujārarna |
yujārarna |
Etymology 3[edit]
Root |
---|
ج و ر (j-w-r) |
If we assume a pronunciation /ɔː/ for ā in ancient Ḥijāzi dialects of Arabic, as is also found necessary to be posited for other borrowings as قَيُّوم (qayyūm) and to make the Ethiopian Semitic borrowings of the present word phonologically plausible, then it is possible to conceive this word loaned from copiously attested Aramaic גיורא / ܓܝܘܪܐ (gīyōrā, “alien; proselyte”), functionally equivalent to Ugaritic 𐎂𐎗 (gr, “foreign resident, protected guest”) and Hebrew גֵּר (gēr, “alien; proselyte”) of which the feminine is גִיוֹרֶת (giyyṓreṯ, “proselyte”), while the specific meaning of a “neighbour” is found developed in Palestinian Aramaic מגירה / ܡܓܝܪܐ (məḡīrā), Northwest Semitic derivations of Proto-West Semitic *gawar- in the sense of ”to encroach upon the limits of, to assail, to come over” (while inheritance from Proto-West Semitic of the present noun per se would be difficult to construct); for the simplification of the shape of the word regard Arabic حُوت (ḥūt, “fish; whale”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
جَار • (jār) m (plural جِيرَان (jīrān), feminine جَارة (jāra))
- neighbor
- جارنا الجديد هو شخص لطيف وودود.
- Jārnā al-ǧadīd huwa šaḫṣ laṭīf wa-wadūd.
- Our new neighbor is a kind and friendly person.
- refugee
- protégé, charge
Declension[edit]
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَار jār |
الْجَار al-jār |
جَار jār |
Nominative | جَارٌ jārun |
الْجَارُ al-jāru |
جَارُ jāru |
Accusative | جَارًا jāran |
الْجَارَ al-jāra |
جَارَ jāra |
Genitive | جَارٍ jārin |
الْجَارِ al-jāri |
جَارِ jāri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | جَارَيْن jārayn |
الْجَارَيْن al-jārayn |
جَارَيْ jāray |
Nominative | جَارَانِ jārāni |
الْجَارَانِ al-jārāni |
جَارَا jārā |
Accusative | جَارَيْنِ jārayni |
الْجَارَيْنِ al-jārayni |
جَارَيْ jāray |
Genitive | جَارَيْنِ jārayni |
الْجَارَيْنِ al-jārayni |
جَارَيْ jāray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جِيرَان jīrān |
الْجِيرَان al-jīrān |
جِيرَان jīrān |
Nominative | جِيرَانٌ jīrānun |
الْجِيرَانُ al-jīrānu |
جِيرَانُ jīrānu |
Accusative | جِيرَانًا jīrānan |
الْجِيرَانَ al-jīrāna |
جِيرَانَ jīrāna |
Genitive | جِيرَانٍ jīrānin |
الْجِيرَانِ al-jīrāni |
جِيرَانِ jīrāni |
Descendants[edit]
- Egyptian Arabic: جار (gār)
- Gulf Arabic: يار (yār), جار (jār)
- Maltese: ġar
- Moroccan Arabic: جار (jār)
- → Amharic: ጋር (gar, “with, in company of”), ጋራ (gara)
- → Ge'ez: ጎር (gor, “neighbour”)
- → Harari: ጋር (gār, “house”)
- → Tigre: ጎር (gor, “neighbour; near, in proximity to”)
- → Tigrinya: ጎር (gor, “neighbour”)
Etymology 4[edit]
Root |
---|
ج ر ي (j-r-y) |
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
جَارٍ • (jārin) (informal جَارِي (jārī), feminine جَارِيَة (jāriya), masculine plural جَارُون (jārūn), feminine plural جَارِيَات (jāriyāt))
- active participle of جَرَى (jarā)
Declension[edit]
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular triptote in ـٍ (-in) | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَارِي jārī |
الْجَارِي al-jārī |
جَارِيَة jāriya |
الْجَارِيَة al-jāriya |
Nominative | جَارٍ jārin |
الْجَارِي al-jārī |
جَارِيَةٌ jāriyatun |
الْجَارِيَةُ al-jāriyatu |
Accusative | جَارِيًا jāriyan |
الْجَارِيَ al-jāriya |
جَارِيَةً jāriyatan |
الْجَارِيَةَ al-jāriyata |
Genitive | جَارٍ jārin |
الْجَارِي al-jārī |
جَارِيَةٍ jāriyatin |
الْجَارِيَةِ al-jāriyati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَارِيَيْن jāriyayn |
الْجَارِيَيْن al-jāriyayn |
جَارِيَتَيْن jāriyatayn |
الْجَارِيَتَيْن al-jāriyatayn |
Nominative | جَارِيَانِ jāriyāni |
الْجَارِيَانِ al-jāriyāni |
جَارِيَتَانِ jāriyatāni |
الْجَارِيَتَانِ al-jāriyatāni |
Accusative | جَارِيَيْنِ jāriyayni |
الْجَارِيَيْنِ al-jāriyayni |
جَارِيَتَيْنِ jāriyatayni |
الْجَارِيَتَيْنِ al-jāriyatayni |
Genitive | جَارِيَيْنِ jāriyayni |
الْجَارِيَيْنِ al-jāriyayni |
جَارِيَتَيْنِ jāriyatayni |
الْجَارِيَتَيْنِ al-jāriyatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَارِين jārīn |
الْجَارِين al-jārīn |
جَارِيَات jāriyāt |
الْجَارِيَات al-jāriyāt |
Nominative | جَارُونَ jārūna |
الْجَارُونَ al-jārūna |
جَارِيَاتٌ jāriyātun |
الْجَارِيَاتُ al-jāriyātu |
Accusative | جَارِينَ jārīna |
الْجَارِينَ al-jārīna |
جَارِيَاتٍ jāriyātin |
الْجَارِيَاتِ al-jāriyāti |
Genitive | جَارِينَ jārīna |
الْجَارِينَ al-jārīna |
جَارِيَاتٍ jāriyātin |
الْجَارِيَاتِ al-jāriyāti |
Descendants[edit]
- → Azerbaijani: cari
- → Chagatai: جاری
- → Ottoman Turkish: جاری
- Turkish: cari
- → Persian: جاری (jâri)
References[edit]
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “جار”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 231–232
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “جار”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 322–323
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “جار”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 438
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “جار”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 173
Central Kurdish[edit]
Noun[edit]
جار (car)
Gulf Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
جار • (jār) m (plural جيران (jīrān))
- Alternative form of يار (yār)
Hijazi Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
جار • (jār) m (plural جيران (jīrān), feminine جارة (jāra))
Moroccan Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
جار • (jār) m (plural جيران (jīrān), feminine جارة (jāra))
South Levantine Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ج و ر |
1 term |
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج و ر
- Arabic terms inherited from Proto-West Semitic
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-West Semitic
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic hollow verbs by conjugation
- Arabic hollow form-I verbs
- Arabic hollow verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with و as second radical
- Arabic verbs with impersonal passive
- Arabic intransitive verbs
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج ر ر
- Arabic form-III verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs by conjugation
- Arabic geminate form-III verbs
- Arabic geminate verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج ر ي
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic adjectives
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -in
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic adjectives with sound masculine plural
- Arabic adjectives with sound feminine plural
- Central Kurdish lemmas
- Central Kurdish nouns
- Gulf Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Gulf Arabic lemmas
- Gulf Arabic nouns
- Gulf Arabic masculine nouns
- Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic lemmas
- Hijazi Arabic nouns
- Hijazi Arabic masculine nouns
- Moroccan Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic 1-syllable words
- Moroccan Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Moroccan Arabic terms with audio links
- Moroccan Arabic lemmas
- Moroccan Arabic nouns
- Moroccan Arabic masculine nouns
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ج و ر
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio links
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic nouns
- South Levantine Arabic masculine nouns