پشم

See also: بسم, تشم, and تسم

Persian

Dari	پشم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	пашм

پشم

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *pášma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *páćšma (“hair, bristles”), from Proto-Indo-European *poḱ-s-mn̥ (“hair, whiskers”), from *peḱ- (“to shear, pluck”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥 (pašman), Sanskrit पक्ष्मन् (pakṣman).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [paʃm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäʃm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäʃm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰäʃm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰäʃm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰæʃm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäʃm]

Readings
Classical reading?	pašm
Dari reading?	pašm
Iranian reading?	pašm
Tajik reading?	pašm

Noun

پشم • (pašm)

1. wool

   پشمِ گوسفند ― pašm-e gusfand ― fleece (lit. sheep wool)

   • c. 1080, ʿUmar Khayyām, نوروزنامه:

     و از پس او طهمورث بنشست، و سی سال پادشاهی کرد، و دیوان را در طاعت آورد، و بازارها و کوچها بنهاد، و ابریشم و پشم ببافت، و رهبان بزسپ در ایام او بیرون آمد، و دین صابیان آورد، و او دین بپذیرفت، و زنار بر بست، و آفتاب را پرستید، و مردمان را دبیری آموخت […]

     u az pas-i ō tahmōras binišast, u sī sāl pādšāhī kard, u dēwān rā dar tā'at āward, u bāzār-hā u kōča-hā binihād, u abrēšum⁠ u pašm bibāft, u ruhbān-i buzasp dar ayām-i ō bērūn āmad, u dīn-i sābiyān āwarad, u ō dīn bipaḏīruft, u zunnār bar bast, u āftāb rā parastīd, u mardumān rā dabīrī āmōxt […]

     And after him, Tahmōras sat [on the throne] and ruled for thirty years. He forced the demons into submission, built markets and alleyways, and wove with silk and wool. Buzasp the Monk appeared in his days, and he [Tahmōras] accepted the faith of the Sabians, bound the girdle on himself, and worshipped the sun. And he taught people the arts of writing […]

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. (slang) androgenic hair

   پشمِ سینه ― pašm-e sine ― chest hair

3. (slang) pubic hair

Derived terms

• پشمالو (pašmâlu)
• پشمام! (pašmâm, literally “my pubes!”)
• پشمک (pašmak)
• پشمی (pašmi)
• پشمین (pašmin)
• پشمینه (pašmine)

 

Further reading

• M. Tavoosî, A Glossary of Shâyast Nê Shâyast, Shirâz University publications, 1986, pages 123 and 125
• Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 357
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 797, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 797</ref>