ܓܢܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

ܓܢܐ

ܐܬܐ ܕܓܢܐ

Internationalism from Arabic غَانَا (ḡānā).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ˈɣɑːnɑː]

Proper noun

ܓ݂ܵܢܵܐ • (ḡānā) f

1. Ghana (a country in Africa)

Derived terms

• ܓ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ḡānāyā, “Ghanaian”)

Etymology 2

Root
ܓ ܢ ܐ (g n ˀ)
3 terms

From Aramaic גְּנָא (gənā).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ˈɡɑːneː]

Verb

ܓܵܢܹܐ • (gānē) (present participle ܓܢܵܝܵܐ (gnāyā), past participle ܓܸܢܝܵܐ (ginyā))

1. to lie down, recline
2. (with ܫܸܡܫܵܐ (šimšā, “sun”)) (of the sun) to set

   ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܒܸܓܢܵܝܵܐ ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ― wē lāh bignāyā šimšā ― The sun is setting.

3. (with ܝܲܘܡܵܐ (yawmā, “day”)) (of the day) to get late, turn dark, turn into evening

   ܓܢܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܝܲܘܡܵܐ ― gnē lēh yawmā ― It got late. (literally, “The day reclined.”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܓܵܢܹܐ (gānē)

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܝܼ (gnīyā lī)	ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (gnīyā lūḵ)	ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܹܗ (gnīyā lēh)	ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܲܢ (gnīyā lan)	ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gnīyā lāwḵōn)	ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (gnīyā lhōn)
	f		ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (gnīyā lāḵ)	ܓܢܝܼܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (gnīyā lāh)
non-past	m	ܓܵܢܐܹܢ (gānˀēn)	ܓܵܢܐܹܬ (gānˀēt)	ܓܵܢܹܐ (gānē)	ܓܵܢܐܲܚ (gānˀaḥ)	ܓܵܢܐܝܼܬܘܿܢ (gānˀītōn)	ܓܵܢܐܝܼ (gānˀī)
	f	ܓܵܢܐܵܢ (gānˀān)	ܓܵܢܐܵܬܝ (gānˀāt)	ܓܵܢܐܵܐ (gānˀā)
imperative	m		ܓܢܘܿܐ (gnōwā)			ܓܢܘܿܐܘܼܢ (gnōˀūn)
	f		ܓܢܘܿܐܝ (gnōˀy)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ˈɡan.neː]

Noun

ܓܲܢܹ̈ܐ • (gannē) f pl

1. plural construct state of ܓܲܢܬ݂ܵܐ (ganṯā, “garden, park”)

Etymology 4

From Northern Kurdish گيان (giyan); related to Persian جان (jân). The sense of “self, oneself” is a calque of the original word ܪܘܼܚܵܐ (rūḥā), where this sense is not found in the Kurdish source word.

Alternative forms

• ܓܝܵܢܵܐ (gyānā)

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ɡɑːnɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ɡjɑːnɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒɑːnɑː]

Noun

ܓܵܢܵܐ • (gānā) f (plural ܓܵܢܹ̈ܐ (gānē) or ܓܵܢܵܬ݂ܹ̈ܐ (gānāṯē))

1. (dialectal) self, oneself, same

   Synonyms: ܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܐ (nafšā), ܝܵܬ݂ܵܐ (yāṯā), ܩܢܘܿܡܵܐ (qnōmā), ܪܘܼܚܵܐ (rūḥā)

2. (dialectal) spirit

   Synonym: ܪܘܼܚܵܐ (rūḥā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܵܢܵܐ (gānā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܵܢܝܼ (gānī)		ܓܵܢܲܢ (gānan)
	construct	ܓܵܢ (gān)	2nd person	ܓܵܢܘܼܟ݂ (gānūḵ)	ܓܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ (gānāḵ)	ܓܵܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gānāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܵܢܵܐ (gānā)	3rd person	ܓܵܢܹܗ (gānēh)	ܓܵܢܵܗ̇ (gānāh)	ܓܵܢܗܘܿܢ (gānhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܵܢܵܬܝܼ̈ (gānātī)		ܓܵܢܵܬܲܢ̈ (gānātan)
	construct	ܓܵܢܵܬ̈ (gānāt)	2nd person	ܓܵܢܵܬܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (gānātūḵ)	ܓܵܢܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ (gānātāḵ)	ܓܵܢܵܬܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gānātāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܵܢܵܬܹ̈ܐ (gānātē)	3rd person	ܓܵܢܵܬܘܼ̈ܗܝ (gānātūh)	ܓܵܢܵܬ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (gānātōh)	ܓܵܢܵܬܗ̈ܘܿܢ (gānāthōn)