ܡܛܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܡ ܛ ܪ (m ṭ r)
4 terms

ܡܛܪܐ

Etymology

From Aramaic מִטְרָא (miṭrā), from Proto-Semitic; compare Arabic مَطَر (maṭar), Biblical Hebrew מָטָר (māṭā́r), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎉𐎗 (mṭr), with the Akkadian 𒈪𒋫𒅈𒌑 (/⁠miṭar⁠/, “field irrigated by rainwater”) appearing only at Ras Shamra, most likely borrowed from West Semitic.

Pronunciation

• (standard, Iraqi Koine) IPA^(key): [ˈmɪtˤ.rɑː]
• (Ashiret, Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ˈmɪtˤ.ɾˤɑ]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [ˈmʊtˤ.ɾˤɒ]

Noun

ܡܸܛܪܵܐ • (miṭrā) f or m (plural ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܹܐ (miṭrātē) or ܡܸܛܪܹ̈ܐ (miṭrē) or ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ (miṭrānē) or ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܪܹܐ (miṭrārē))

1. rain (condensed water falling from a cloud)

   ܩܘܼܕܡܹܐ ܒܸܬ ܗܵܘܝܵܐ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ― qudmē bit hāwyā miṭrā ― Tomorrow it will rain

   ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܒܸܨܠܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ― miṭrā biṣlāyā ìlāh (literally, “Rain is descending”)

   ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܒܸܥܪܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ― miṭrā biˁrāyā ìlāh (literally, “Rain is pouring out”)

   • Matthew 7:27:

     ܘܨܠܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ، ܘܐ݇ܬܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܢܲܗܪ̈ܵܘܵܬܹܐ، ܘܩܝܼܡ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܦܵܘܚܹ̈ܐ، ܘܩܝܼܬ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܒܗ̇ܘ ܒܲܝܬܵܐ، ܘܢܦܝܼܠ ܠܹܗ، ܘܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܢܦܵܠܬܹܗ ܓܘܼܪܬܵܐ.

     w-ṣlē lāh miṭrā, w-tē lhōn nahrāwātē, w-qīm lhōn pāwḥē, w-qīt lhōn b-awa baytā, w-npīl lēh, w-wē lāh npāltēh gurtā.

     And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house, and it fell with a great crash.

   • James 5:7:

     ܒܵܣ ܚܡܘܿܠܘܼܢ، ܐܲܚܘܵܬܹ̈ܐ، ܗܲܠ ܐ݇ܬܵܝܬܵܐ ܕܡܵܪܲܢ. ܚܙܹܝܡܘܼܢ ܕܵܐܟ݂ܝܼ ܐܲܟܵܪܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܣܵܦܹܪ ܠܛܥܘܼܢܝܵܬܹ̈ܐ ܛܝܼܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܕܐܲܪܥܵܐ، ܘܕܵܐܟ݂ܝܼ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܪܝܸܟ݂ ܒܹܐܢܹܗ ܥܲܠܵܝܗܝ ܗܲܠ ܕܩܲܒܸܠ ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܒܟ݂ܝܼܪܵܝܬܵܐ ܘܡܫܵܘܚܲܪܬܵܐ.

     bās ḥmōlūn, aḥwātē, hal tāytā d-māran. ḥzēmūn dāḵī akkārā kē sāpēr l-ṭˁunyātē ṭīmānē d-arˁā, w-dāḵī kē maryiḵ bēnēh ˁallāyh hal d-qabbil miṭrā bḵīrāytā w-mšāwḥartā.

     Therefore be patient, brethren, until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth, waiting patiently for it until it receives the early and latter rain.

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܸܛܪܵܐ (miṭrā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܸܛܪܝܼ (miṭrī)		ܡܸܛܪܲܢ (miṭran)
	construct	ܡܛܲܪ (mṭar)	2nd person	ܡܸܛܪܘܼܟ݂ (miṭrūḵ)	ܡܸܛܪܵܟ݂ܝ (miṭrāḵ)	ܡܸܛܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (miṭrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܸܛܪܵܐ (miṭrā)	3rd person	ܡܸܛܪܹܗ (miṭrēh)	ܡܸܛܪܵܗ̇ (miṭrāh)	ܡܸܛܪܗܘܿܢ (miṭrhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܝܼ (miṭrātī)		ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܲܢ (miṭrātan)
	construct	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬ (miṭrāt)	2nd person	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܘܼܟ݂ (miṭrātūḵ)	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ (miṭrātāḵ)	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (miṭrātāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܹܐ (miṭrātē)	3rd person	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܘܼܗܝ (miṭrātūh)	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܘܿܗ̇ (miṭrātōh)	ܡܸܛܪ̈ܵܬܗܘܿܢ (miṭrāthōn)

Derived terms

• ܡܸܛܪܵܢܵܐ (miṭrānā, “rainy”)

References

• “ܡܸܛܪܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2022 November 26 (last accessed)
• Maclean, Arthur John (1901) “ܡܸܛܪܵܐ”, in Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac as Spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, North-West Persia and the Plain of Mosul, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 172b

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Compare Arabic مَطَر (maṭar) and Hebrew מָטָר (māṭār).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈmɛtˤ.rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈmɪtˤ.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈme.tˤro]

Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (meṭrā) m (uncountable)

1. rain
   • Peshitta, Matthew 7:27:

     ܘܢܚܬ ܡܛܪܐ. ܘܐܬܘ ܢܗܪ̈ܘܬܐ. ܘܢܫܒ ܪ̈ܘܚܐ. ܘܐܬܛܪܝܘ ܒܒܝܬܐ ܗܘ.

     wa-nəḥeṯ meṭrā, wə-ʾĕṯaw nahrawwāṯā, wa-nəšaḇ rūḥē, wə-ʾettəṭarrīw bə-ḇaytā haw

     And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house

Inflection

    declension of ܡܛܪܐ

state	singular (uncountable)
absolute	ܡܛܪ
construct	ܡܛܪ
emphatic	ܡܛܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܛܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܛܪܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܛܪܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܛܪܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܛܪܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܛܪܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܛܪܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܢ-ܛ-ܪ (n-ṭ-r) related to guarding; compare Arabic مَنْظَر (manẓar).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): /man.tˤə.rɑʔ/, [ˈmatˤ.(tˤə.)rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈmatˤ.rɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈmɑ.tˤro]

Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (maṭṭərā) m (plural ܡܛܪܐ (maṭṭərē))

1. guarding, protecting, keeping

Inflection

    inflection of ܡܛܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܛܪ	ܡܛܪܝܢ
construct	ܡܛܪ	ܡܛܪܝ
emphatic	ܡܛܪܐ	ܡܛܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܛܪܝ	ܡܛܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܛܪܟ	ܡܛܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܝ	ܡܛܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܛܪܗ	ܡܛܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܛܪܗ	ܡܛܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܛܪܢ	ܡܛܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܘܢ	ܡܛܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܝܢ	ܡܛܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܛܪܗܘܢ	ܡܛܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܛܪܗܝܢ	ܡܛܪܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

From Ancient Greek μήτρᾱ (mḗtrā, “womb, paunch”).

Alternative forms

• ܡܝܛܪܐ (mêṭrā)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈme.tˤ(ə.)rɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈme.tˤrɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈme.tˤrɑ]

Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (mēṭrā) m (plural ܡܛܪܐ (mēṭrē))

1. (anatomy) uterus, womb

Inflection

    inflection of ܡܛܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܛܪ	ܡܛܪܝܢ
construct	ܡܛܪ	ܡܛܪܝ
emphatic	ܡܛܪܐ	ܡܛܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܛܪܝ	ܡܛܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܛܪܟ	ܡܛܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܝ	ܡܛܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܛܪܗ	ܡܛܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܛܪܗ	ܡܛܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܛܪܢ	ܡܛܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܘܢ	ܡܛܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܛܪܟܝܢ	ܡܛܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܛܪܗܘܢ	ܡܛܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܛܪܗܝܢ	ܡܛܪܝܗܝܢ

Synonyms

• ܡܪܒܥܐ (marbəʿā)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [m(ə.)ˈtˤɑ.re]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈmtˤɑ.re]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈmtˤo.re]

Noun

ܡܛܪܐ • (məṭārē)

1. emphatic plural of ܡܛܪܬܐ (məṭārtā)

References

• “mṭr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-08
• “myṭrˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-08
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 181a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 268a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 749a