ܡܠܟܘܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܡ ܠ ܟ (m l k)
3 terms

Etymology

From ܡܲܠܟܵܐ (malkā, “king”) +‎ -ܘܬܐ (-ūṯā, the abstract noun ending); compare Arabic مَلَكُوت (malakūt), Hebrew מַלְכוּת (malkhút). The meaning in taxonomy is a Semantic loan from English kingdom.

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [malˈkuːθɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [malˈt͡ʃuːtɑː]

Noun

ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (malkūṯā) f sg (plural ܡܲܠܟ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (malkwāṯē))

1. kingdom, realm
   • Matthew 6:13:

     ܘܠܵܐ ܡܲܥܒ݂ܪܸܬ ܠܲܢ ܠܢܸܣܝܘܿܢܵܐ، ܐܸܠܵܐ ܦܲܨܝܼ ܠܲܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܒܝܼܫܵܐ، ܡܸܛܠ ܕܝܼܘܼܟ݂ ܝܼܠܵܗ̇ ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ، ܘܚܲܝܠܵܐ، ܘܬܸܫܒܘܿܚܬܵܐ ܠܥܵܠܲܡ ܥܵܠܡܝܼܢ. ܐܵܡܹܝܢ.

     w-lā maˁḇrit lan l-nisyōnā, illā paṣī lan min bīšā, miṭṭul dīyūḵ īlāh malkūṯā, w-ḥaylā, w-tišbōḥtā l-ˁālam ˁālmīn. āmēn.

     And do not lead us into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one. For Yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen.

   • Psalms 103:19:

     ܡܵܪܝܵܐ ܒܫܡܲܝܵܐ ܡܘܼܩܘܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܟܘܼܪܣܝܹܗ، ܘܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܹܗ ܟܹܐ ܫܲܠܛܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܟܠ.

     māryā bšmayyā mūqwē lēh kursyēh, wmalkūṯēh kē šalṭā ˁal kul.

     The Lord has established His throne in heaven, and His Kingdom rules over all.

2. dynasty, majesty
3. kingship/queenship, dominion, reign, rule

   ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܗ̇ ܝܼܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܝܲܪܝܼܟ݂ܬܵܐ ܝܼܚܝܼܕ݂ܵܐܝܼܬ݂. ― malkūṯāh īwā yarīḵtā īḥīḏāˀīṯ. ― Her reign was uniquely long.

4. (taxonomy) kingdom

   ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܚܲܝ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ ― malkūṯā d-ḥaywāṯē ― the Animal Kingdom

   ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܢܸܨ̈ܒܵܬ݂ܹܐ ― malkūṯā d-niṣbāṯē ― the Plantae Kingdom

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (malkūṯā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܝܼ (malkūṯī)		ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܲܢ (malkūṯan)
	construct	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ (malkūṯ)	2nd person	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (malkūṯūḵ)	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (malkūṯāḵ)	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (malkūṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (malkūṯā)	3rd person	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܹܗ (malkūṯēh)	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (malkūṯāh)	ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (malkuṯhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܡܲܠܟܘܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (malkwāṯī)		ܡܲܠܟܘܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (malkwāṯan)
	construct	ܡܲܠܟ̈ܘܵܬ݂ (malkwāṯ)	2nd person	ܡܲܠܟܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (malkwāṯūḵ)	ܡܲܠܟܘܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (malkwāṯāḵ)	ܡܲܠܟܘܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (malkwāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܠܟ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܹܐ (malkwāṯē)	3rd person	ܡܲܠܟܘܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (malkwāṯūh)	ܡܲܠܟ̈ܘܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (malkwāṯōh)	ܡܲܠܟܘܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (malkwāṯhōn)

Derived terms

• ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (malkūṯānāyā)
• ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܡܚܲܝܲܕܬܵܐ (malkūṯā mḥayyadtā, “United Kingdom”)
• ܡܲܠܟܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܥܲܪܒ݂ܵܝܬܵܐ ܣܲܥܘܼܕ݂ܵܝܬܵܐ (malkūṯā ˁarḇāytā saˁūḏāytā, “Saudi Arabia”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From ܡܠܟܐ (malkā, “king”) +‎ -ܘܬܐ (-ūṯā, abstract noun ending); compare Arabic مَلَكُوت (malakūt), Hebrew מַלְכוּת (maləḵûṯ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [malˈku.θɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [malˈku.θɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [malˈku.θo]

Noun

ܡܠܟܘܬܐ • (malkūṯā) f (plural ܡܠܟܘܬܐ (malkəwāṯā))

1. kingdom
2. reign, rule
3. realm
4. dynasty
5. majesty
6. (used with possessive suffixes as a title) Majesty

Inflection

    declension of ܡܠܟܘܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܡܠܟܘ	ܡܠܟܘܢ
construct	ܡܠܟܘܬ	ܡܠܟܘܬ
emphatic	ܡܠܟܘܬܐ	ܡܠܟܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܡܠܟܘܬܝ	ܡܠܟܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܡܠܟܘܬܟ	ܡܠܟܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܡܠܟܘܬܟܝ	ܡܠܟܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܡܠܟܘܬܗ	ܡܠܟܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܡܠܟܘܬܗ	ܡܠܟܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܡܠܟܘܬܢ	ܡܠܟܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܡܠܟܘܬܟܘܢ	ܡܠܟܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܡܠܟܘܬܟܝܢ	ܡܠܟܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܡܠܟܘܬܗܘܢ	ܡܠܟܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܡܠܟܘܬܗܝܢ	ܡܠܟܘܬܗܝܢ

References

• “mlkw”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-09
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 186a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 277b-278a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 772b-773a