कण

See also: कोण

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कण (kaṇa).

Noun

कण • (kaṇ) m

1. speck, particle, atom

Declension

Declension of कण (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	कण kaṇ	कण kaṇ
oblique	कण kaṇ	कणों kaṇõ
vocative	कण kaṇ	कणो kaṇo

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कण (kaṇa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəɳ/

Noun

कण • (kaṇ) m

1. particle
2. atom

   Synonym: अणू (aṇū)

Declension

Declension of कण (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	कण kaṇ
direct plural	कण kaṇ
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	कण kaṇ		कण kaṇ
oblique सामान्यरूप	कणा kaṇā		कणां- kaṇān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	कणाला kaṇālā		कणांना kaṇānnā
ergative	कणाने, कणानं kaṇāne, kaṇāna		कणांनी kaṇānnī
instrumental	कणाशी kaṇāśī		कणांशी kaṇānśī
locative सप्तमी	कणात kaṇāt		कणांत kaṇāt
vocative संबोधन	कणा kaṇā		कणांनो kaṇānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of कण (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	कणाचा kaṇāċā	कणाचे kaṇāċe	कणाची kaṇācī	कणाच्या kaṇācā	कणाचे, कणाचं kaṇāċe, kaṇāċa	कणाची kaṇācī	कणाच्या kaṇācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	कणांचा kaṇānċā	कणांचे kaṇānċe	कणांची kaṇāñcī	कणांच्या kaṇāncā	कणांचे, कणांचं kaṇānċe, kaṇānċa	कणांची kaṇāñcī	कणांच्या kaṇāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “कण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• কণ (Assamese script)
• ᬓᬡ (Balinese script)
• কণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• ကဏ (Burmese script)
• કણ (Gujarati script)
• ਕਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌕𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦏꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂍𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಕಣ (Kannada script)
• កណ (Khmer script)
• ກຓ (Lao script)
• കണ (Malayalam script)
• ᡬᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘎𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦮𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑐞 (Newa script)
• କଣ (Odia script)
• ꢒꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖜 (Siddham script)
• කණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩜𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚊𑚘 (Takri script)
• கண (Tamil script)
• కణ (Telugu script)
• กณ (Thai script)
• ཀ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨋𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kánas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kánas, from Proto-Indo-European *kón-os, from *ken- (“dust, ashes”); if so, then cognate with Latin cinis, Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis). Alternatively, related to कनीयस् (kanīyas, “younger, smaller”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐ́.ɳɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐ.ɳɐ/

Noun

कण • (káṇa) stem, m

1. any minute particle, atom
2. a grain, grain of corn, single seed
3. a grain or particle (of dust)
4. flake (of snow)
5. a drop (of water)
6. a spark (of fire)
7. the spark or facet of a gem

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कण (káṇa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कणः káṇaḥ	कणौ / कणा¹ káṇau / káṇā¹	कणाः / कणासः¹ káṇāḥ / káṇāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कण káṇa	कणौ / कणा¹ káṇau / káṇā¹	कणाः / कणासः¹ káṇāḥ / káṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कणम् káṇam	कणौ / कणा¹ káṇau / káṇā¹	कणान् káṇān
Instrumental	कणेन káṇena	कणाभ्याम् káṇābhyām	कणैः / कणेभिः¹ káṇaiḥ / káṇebhiḥ¹
Dative	कणाय káṇāya	कणाभ्याम् káṇābhyām	कणेभ्यः káṇebhyaḥ
Ablative	कणात् káṇāt	कणाभ्याम् káṇābhyām	कणेभ्यः káṇebhyaḥ
Genitive	कणस्य káṇasya	कणयोः káṇayoḥ	कणानाम् káṇānām
Locative	कणे káṇe	कणयोः káṇayoḥ	कणेषु káṇeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Assamese: কণী (koni), কণা (kona), কনি (koni)
• Punjabi: ਕਣ (kaṇ)
• → Gujarati: કણ (kaṇ)
• → Hindi: कण (kaṇ)
• → Kannada: ಕಣ (kaṇa)
• → Malayalam: കണം (kaṇaṁ)
• → Marathi: कण (kaṇ)
• → Telugu: కణము (kaṇamu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “कण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 245/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 291
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 146