पृथु

See also: पथ, पोथा, and पोथी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पृथु (pṛthú), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥tʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥tʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us, from *pleth₂- (“flat”).

Adjective

पृथु • (pŕthu) (indeclinable)

1. broad, wide

Synonyms

• चौड़ा (cauṛā)

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥tʰúṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥tʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us, from *pleth₂- (“flat”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬚𐬎 (pər^əθu), Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús), Old Armenian յաղթ (yałtʻ), English flat.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pr̩.tʰú/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpr̩.t̪ʰu/

Adjective

पृथु • (pṛthú)

1. broad, wide, expansive, extensive, spacious, large
2. great, important
3. ample, abundant
4. copious, numerous, manifold
5. prolix, detailed
6. smart, clever, dexterous

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of पृथु (pṛthú)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पृथुः pṛthúḥ	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथवः pṛthávaḥ
Vocative	पृथो pṛ́tho	पृथू pṛ́thū	पृथवः pṛ́thavaḥ
Accusative	पृथुम् pṛthúm	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथून् pṛthū́n
Instrumental	पृथुना / पृथ्वा¹ pṛthúnā / pṛthvā́¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभिः pṛthúbhiḥ
Dative	पृथवे / पृथ्वे¹ pṛtháve / pṛthvé¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Ablative	पृथोः / पृथ्वः¹ pṛthóḥ / pṛthváḥ¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Genitive	पृथोः / पृथ्वः¹ pṛthóḥ / pṛthváḥ¹	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथूनाम् pṛthūnā́m
Locative	पृथौ pṛthaú	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथुषु pṛthúṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine u-stem declension of पृथु (pṛthú)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पृथुः pṛthúḥ	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथवः pṛthávaḥ
Vocative	पृथो pṛ́tho	पृथू pṛ́thū	पृथवः pṛ́thavaḥ
Accusative	पृथुम् pṛthúm	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथूः pṛthū́ḥ
Instrumental	पृथ्वा pṛthvā́	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभिः pṛthúbhiḥ
Dative	पृथवे / पृथ्वै¹ pṛtháve / pṛthvaí¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Ablative	पृथोः / पृथ्वाः¹ / पृथ्वै² pṛthóḥ / pṛthvā́ḥ¹ / pṛthvaí²	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Genitive	पृथोः / पृथ्वाः¹ / पृथ्वै² pṛthóḥ / pṛthvā́ḥ¹ / pṛthvaí²	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथूनाम् pṛthūnā́m
Locative	पृथौ / पृथ्वाम्¹ pṛthaú / pṛthvā́m¹	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथुषु pṛthúṣu
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter u-stem declension of पृथु (pṛthú)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पृथु pṛthú	पृथुनी pṛthúnī	पृथूनि / पृथु¹ / पृथू¹ pṛthū́ni / pṛthú¹ / pṛthū́¹
Vocative	पृथु / पृथो pṛ́thu / pṛ́tho	पृथुनी pṛ́thunī	पृथूनि / पृथु¹ / पृथू¹ pṛ́thūni / pṛ́thu¹ / pṛ́thū¹
Accusative	पृथु pṛthú	पृथुनी pṛthúnī	पृथूनि / पृथु¹ / पृथू¹ pṛthū́ni / pṛthú¹ / pṛthū́¹
Instrumental	पृथुना / पृथ्वा¹ pṛthúnā / pṛthvā́¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभिः pṛthúbhiḥ
Dative	पृथुने / पृथवे¹ / पृथ्वे¹ pṛthúne / pṛtháve¹ / pṛthvé¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Ablative	पृथुनः / पृथोः¹ / पृथ्वः¹ pṛthúnaḥ / pṛthóḥ¹ / pṛthváḥ¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Genitive	पृथुनः / पृथोः¹ / पृथ्वः¹ pṛthúnaḥ / pṛthóḥ¹ / pṛthváḥ¹	पृथुनोः pṛthúnoḥ	पृथूनाम् pṛthūnā́m
Locative	पृथुनि / पृथौ¹ pṛthúni / pṛthaú¹	पृथुनोः pṛthúnoḥ	पृथुषु pṛthúṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of पृथ्वी (pṛthvī́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पृथ्वी pṛthvī́	पृथ्व्यौ / पृथ्वी¹ pṛthvyaù / pṛthvī́¹	पृथ्व्यः / पृथ्वीः¹ pṛthvyàḥ / pṛthvī́ḥ¹
Vocative	पृथ्वि pṛ́thvi	पृथ्व्यौ / पृथ्वी¹ pṛ́thvyau / pṛ́thvī¹	पृथ्व्यः / पृथ्वीः¹ pṛ́thvyaḥ / pṛ́thvīḥ¹
Accusative	पृथ्वीम् pṛthvī́m	पृथ्व्यौ / पृथ्वी¹ pṛthvyaù / pṛthvī́¹	पृथ्वीः pṛthvī́ḥ
Instrumental	पृथ्व्या pṛthvyā́	पृथ्वीभ्याम् pṛthvī́bhyām	पृथ्वीभिः pṛthvī́bhiḥ
Dative	पृथ्व्यै pṛthvyaí	पृथ्वीभ्याम् pṛthvī́bhyām	पृथ्वीभ्यः pṛthvī́bhyaḥ
Ablative	पृथ्व्याः / पृथ्व्यै² pṛthvyā́ḥ / pṛthvyaí²	पृथ्वीभ्याम् pṛthvī́bhyām	पृथ्वीभ्यः pṛthvī́bhyaḥ
Genitive	पृथ्व्याः / पृथ्व्यै² pṛthvyā́ḥ / pṛthvyaí²	पृथ्व्योः pṛthvyóḥ	पृथ्वीनाम् pṛthvī́nām
Locative	पृथ्व्याम् pṛthvyā́m	पृथ्व्योः pṛthvyóḥ	पृथ्वीषु pṛthvī́ṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Noun

पृथु • (pṛthú) stem, m

1. a particular measure of length
2. fire
3. name of Shiva
4. name of one of the viśve devās
5. name of a dānava
6. name of a son of An-enas
7. name of a vṛṣṇi and son of Citraka
8. name of a son of Citra-ratha
9. name of a descendant of ikṣvāku (son of an-araṇya and father of tri-śaṅku)
10. name of a son of Para
11. name of a son of Prastāra
12. name of a son of Rucaka
13. name of a son of one of the Manus
14. name of one of the Saptarshis
15. name of a son of vaṭe*śvara (father of viśākha-datta)
16. name of a son of veṇa
17. name of a monkey
18. opium

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of पृथु (pṛthú)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पृथुः pṛthúḥ	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथवः pṛthávaḥ
Vocative	पृथो pṛ́tho	पृथू pṛ́thū	पृथवः pṛ́thavaḥ
Accusative	पृथुम् pṛthúm	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथून् pṛthū́n
Instrumental	पृथुना / पृथ्वा¹ pṛthúnā / pṛthvā́¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभिः pṛthúbhiḥ
Dative	पृथवे / पृथ्वे¹ pṛtháve / pṛthvé¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Ablative	पृथोः / पृथ्वः¹ pṛthóḥ / pṛthváḥ¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Genitive	पृथोः / पृथ्वः¹ pṛthóḥ / pṛthváḥ¹	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथूनाम् pṛthūnā́m
Locative	पृथौ pṛthaú	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथुषु pṛthúṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

पृथु • (pṛthú) stem, f

1. (botany) Nigella sativa var. sativa, syn. Nigella indica

Declension

Feminine u-stem declension of पृथु (pṛthú)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पृथुः pṛthúḥ	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथवः pṛthávaḥ
Vocative	पृथो pṛ́tho	पृथू pṛ́thū	पृथवः pṛ́thavaḥ
Accusative	पृथुम् pṛthúm	पृथू pṛthū́	पृथूः pṛthū́ḥ
Instrumental	पृथ्वा pṛthvā́	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभिः pṛthúbhiḥ
Dative	पृथवे / पृथ्वै¹ pṛtháve / pṛthvaí¹	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Ablative	पृथोः / पृथ्वाः¹ / पृथ्वै² pṛthóḥ / pṛthvā́ḥ¹ / pṛthvaí²	पृथुभ्याम् pṛthúbhyām	पृथुभ्यः pṛthúbhyaḥ
Genitive	पृथोः / पृथ्वाः¹ / पृथ्वै² pṛthóḥ / pṛthvā́ḥ¹ / pṛthvaí²	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथूनाम् pṛthūnā́m
Locative	पृथौ / पृथ्वाम्¹ pṛthaú / pṛthvā́m¹	पृथ्वोः pṛthvóḥ	पृथुषु pṛthúṣu
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (piṛik, “palm of hand”)
  • Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (peṛek, “palm of hand”)
  • Shumashti: [script needed] (piṛik)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pr̥thú”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press