विज्ञान

Hindi

Etymology

From Sanskrit विज्ञान (vijñāna).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʋɪɡ.jɑːn/, [ʋɪɡ.jä̃ːn]

Noun

विज्ञान • (vijñān) m (Urdu spelling وگیان)

1. knowledge; understanding
2. science, study of

   वनस्पतिविज्ञान (vanaspativijñān) – study of plants

Declension

Declension of विज्ञान (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	विज्ञान vijñān	विज्ञान vijñān
oblique	विज्ञान vijñān	विज्ञानों vijñānõ
vocative	विज्ञान vijñān	विज्ञानो vijñāno

Derived terms

• अंतरिक्षविज्ञान (antrikṣavijñān)
• जीवविज्ञान (jīvvijñān)
• मनोविज्ञान (manovijñān)
• वनस्पतिविज्ञान (vanaspativijñān)
• विज्ञानी (vijñānī)
• वैज्ञानिक (vaijñānik)
• स्वरविज्ञान (svarvijñān)

 

See also

• शास्त्र (śāstra)
• वैज्ञानिक (vaijñānik, “scientist”)

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “विज्ञान”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Konkani

Noun

विज्ञान • (vijñān) (Latin script vidian, Kannada script ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ)

1. science

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit विज्ञान (vijñāna).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋid͡ʑ.nan/

Noun

विज्ञान • (vijñān) n

1. science

Declension

Declension of विज्ञान (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	विज्ञान vidnyān
direct plural	विज्ञाने, विज्ञानं vidnyāne, vijñāna
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	विज्ञान vidnyān		विज्ञाने, विज्ञानं vidnyāne, vijñāna
oblique सामान्यरूप	विज्ञाना vidnyānā		विज्ञानां- vidnyānān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	विज्ञानाला vidnyānālā		विज्ञानांना vidnyānānnā
ergative	विज्ञानाने, विज्ञानानं vidnyānāne, vidnyānāna		विज्ञानांनी vidnyānānnī
instrumental	विज्ञानाशी vidnyānāśī		विज्ञानांशी vidnyānānśī
locative सप्तमी	विज्ञानात vidnyānāt		विज्ञानांत vidnyānāt
vocative संबोधन	विज्ञाना vidnyānā		विज्ञानांनो vidnyānānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of विज्ञान (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	विज्ञानाचा vidnyānāċā	विज्ञानाचे vidnyānāċe	विज्ञानाची vidnyānācī	विज्ञानाच्या vidnyānācā	विज्ञानाचे, विज्ञानाचं vidnyānāċe, vidnyānāċa	विज्ञानाची vidnyānācī	विज्ञानाच्या vidnyānācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	विज्ञानांचा vidnyānānċā	विज्ञानांचे vidnyānānċe	विज्ञानांची vidnyānāñcī	विज्ञानांच्या vidnyānāncā	विज्ञानांचे, विज्ञानांचं vidnyānānċe, vidnyānānċa	विज्ञानांची vidnyānāñcī	विज्ञानांच्या vidnyānāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• वैज्ञानिक (vaijñānik, “scientist, scientific”)

 

See also

• ज्ञान (jñān, “knowledge”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “विज्ञान”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “विज्ञान”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “विज्ञान”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [biɡ̞ɡjän]
• Phonetic Devanagari: बिग्ग्यान्

Noun

विज्ञान • (vigyān)

1. Alternative form of बिज्ञान [bigyān].

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৱিজ্ঞান (Assamese script)
• ᬯᬶᬚ᭄ᬜᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
• বিজ্ঞান (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰰𑰕𑰿𑰗𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀜𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဝိဇ္ဉာန (Burmese script)
• વિજ્ઞાન (Gujarati script)
• ਵਿਜ੍ਞਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌵𑌿𑌜𑍍𑌞𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦮꦶꦘꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂫𑂱𑂔𑂹𑂖𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ (Kannada script)
• វិជ្ញាន (Khmer script)
• ວິຊ຺ຎານ (Lao script)
• വിജ്ഞാന (Malayalam script)
• ᠸᡳᡯᠨᡳᠶᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘪𑘱𑘕𑘿𑘗𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠢᠽᡛᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧊𑧒𑦵𑧠𑦷𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐶𑐖𑑂𑐘𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଵିଜ୍ଞାନ (Odia script)
• ꢮꢶꢙ꣄ꢛꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆴𑆘𑇀𑆚𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖰𑖕𑖿𑖗𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
• විඥාන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩾𑩑𑩣 𑪙𑩥𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚦𑚮𑚑𑚶𑚓𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
• விஜ்ஞாந (Tamil script)
• విజ్ఞాన (Telugu script)
• วิชฺญาน (Thai script)
• ཝི་ཛྙཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒱𑒖𑓂𑒘𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨭𑨁𑨥𑩇𑨓𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From वि- (vi-, “diverse”) +‎ ज्ञान (jñāna, “knowledge”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋid͡ʑ.ɲɑː.nɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ʋid͡ʑˈɲɑː.n̪ɐ/

Noun

विज्ञान • (vijñāna) stem, n

1. science
2. knowledge
3. wisdom
4. understanding
5. skill; proficiency

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of विज्ञान (vijñāna)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	विज्ञानम् vijñānam	विज्ञाने vijñāne	विज्ञानानि / विज्ञाना¹ vijñānāni / vijñānā¹
Vocative	विज्ञान vijñāna	विज्ञाने vijñāne	विज्ञानानि / विज्ञाना¹ vijñānāni / vijñānā¹
Accusative	विज्ञानम् vijñānam	विज्ञाने vijñāne	विज्ञानानि / विज्ञाना¹ vijñānāni / vijñānā¹
Instrumental	विज्ञानेन vijñānena	विज्ञानाभ्याम् vijñānābhyām	विज्ञानैः / विज्ञानेभिः¹ vijñānaiḥ / vijñānebhiḥ¹
Dative	विज्ञानाय vijñānāya	विज्ञानाभ्याम् vijñānābhyām	विज्ञानेभ्यः vijñānebhyaḥ
Ablative	विज्ञानात् vijñānāt	विज्ञानाभ्याम् vijñānābhyām	विज्ञानेभ्यः vijñānebhyaḥ
Genitive	विज्ञानस्य vijñānasya	विज्ञानयोः vijñānayoḥ	विज्ञानानाम् vijñānānām
Locative	विज्ञाने vijñāne	विज्ञानयोः vijñānayoḥ	विज्ञानेषु vijñāneṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: viññāṇa
  • Tamil: விஞ்ஞானம் (viññāṉam)
• Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀸𑀡 (viṇṇāṇa)
  • → Telugu: విన్నాణము (vinnāṇamu)
• → Assamese: বিজ্ঞান (biggan)
• → Bengali: বিজ্ঞান (biggên)
• → Bishnupriya Manipuri: বিজ্ঞান (bijñāna)
• → Gujarati: વિજ્ઞાન (vijñān)
• → Hindi: विज्ञान (vijñān)
• → Kannada: ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ (vijñāna)
• → Marathi: विज्ञान (vijñān)
• → Nepali: विज्ञान (vigyān)
• → Newar: विज्ञान (wijñāna)
• → Punjabi: ਵਿਗਿਆਨ (vigiāna)
• → Telugu: విజ్ఞానము (vijñānamu)
• → Thai: วิญญาณ (win-yaan)
• → Urdu: وگیان (vigyān)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vijñā́na”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press