ḥnmmt

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Egyptian

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Etymology

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Possibly ultimately from nmj (to traverse, to travel).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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N8mmtA1 B1
Z2

 f

  1. (collective) a group of people or celestial beings of unclear, possibly originally religious, significance; conventionally rendered sun-folk. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. the king’s inner circle of personal attendants
    2. the priesthood of Heliopolis
    3. a group of divine beings associated with the north polar and eastern regions of the sky
  2. (collective) the people of a given place, especially Egypt
    • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 19:
      sV25wY1&n&f t nr
      Z2
      H_SPACE
      t
      G23Z2ss
      H_SPACE
      p
      a
      t F51A
      N8
      M
      M
      t
      Z2ss
      tA
      U7
      r
      itrniwtHAnb
      nb
      nb
      swḏ n.f rmt rḫyt pꜥt ḥnmmt tꜣ-mrj ḥꜣ(w)-nbw(t)
      Humankind was bequeathed to him, the commoners and patricians, the sunfolk of the Beloved Land (Egypt) and the Aegean islanders.
  3. (collective) humankind

Alternative forms

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Descendants

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  • Old Coptic: ϩⲁⲙⲉⲩ (hameu)

References

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  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 114.6–114.13
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 172
  • Wilson, Penelope (1991) A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages 1173–1174
  • Serrano, Jose M. (1999) “Origin and Basic Meaning of the Word ḥnmmt (The So-Called ‘Sun-Folk’)” in Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur, volume 27, pages 353–368