ἀγμός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *uh₂ǵmós, from the root *weh₂ǵ- (“to break”). By surface analysis, ἄγνυμι (ágnumi, “to break, shatter”) +‎ -μός (-mós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /aŋ.mós/ → /aɣˈmos/ → /aɣˈmos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /aŋ.mós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aɡˈmos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aɣˈmos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aɣˈmos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aɣˈmos/

Noun

ἀγμός • (agmós) m (genitive ἀγμοῦ); second declension

1. fracture
   • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 18b.556:

     τοὺς μελασμοὺς καὶ νεκρώσεις ἀγμῶν

     toùs melasmoùs kaì nekrṓseis agmôn

     black spots and mortifications of fractures

2. cliff, crag

   Synonym: ἄξος (áxos)

   • 413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 263:

     κοιλωπὸς ἀγμός, πορφυρευτικαὶ στέγαι.

     koilōpòs agmós, porphureutikaì stégai.

     a hollow-looking cliff, a shelter-place for purple-fishers.

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ ἀ̆γμός; τοῦ ἀ̆γμοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ἀ̆γμός ho agmós	τὼ ἀ̆γμώ tṑ agmṓ	οἱ ἀ̆γμοί hoi agmoí
Genitive	τοῦ ἀ̆γμοῦ toû agmoû	τοῖν ἀ̆γμοῖν toîn agmoîn	τῶν ἀ̆γμῶν tôn agmôn
Dative	τῷ ἀ̆γμῷ tôi agmôi	τοῖν ἀ̆γμοῖν toîn agmoîn	τοῖς ἀ̆γμοῖς toîs agmoîs
Accusative	τὸν ἀ̆γμόν tòn agmón	τὼ ἀ̆γμώ tṑ agmṓ	τοὺς ἀ̆γμούς toùs agmoús
Vocative	ἀ̆γμέ agmé	ἀ̆γμώ agmṓ	ἀ̆γμοί agmoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “ἀγμός”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
• “ἀγμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀγμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἀγμός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)