ἀφαυρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. Furnée compares φαῦρος (phaûros, “light”), φλαῦρος (phlaûros, “indifferent, bad”) and φαῦλος (phaûlos, “insignificant”). Beekes suggests that ἀμαυρός (amaurós, “dark”) is also cognate and believes that this is a Pre-Greek word.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.pʰau̯.rós/ → /a.ɸaˈβros/ → /a.faˈvros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.pʰau̯.rós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.pʰawˈros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.ɸaˈβros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.faˈvros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.faˈvros/

Adjective

ἀφαυρός • (aphaurós) m (feminine ἀφαυρᾱ́, neuter ἀφαυρόν); first/second declension

1. weak, feeble, powerless

   Synonyms: ἀκῐδνός (akidnós), ἀσθενής (asthenḗs), μῶλῠς (môlus)

Inflection

First and second declension of ἀφαυρός; ἀφαυρᾱ́; ἀφαυρόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἀφαυρός aphaurós	ἀφαυρᾱ́ aphaurā́	ἀφαυρόν aphaurón		ἀφαυρώ aphaurṓ	ἀφαυρᾱ́ aphaurā́	ἀφαυρώ aphaurṓ		ἀφαυροί aphauroí	ἀφαυραί aphauraí	ἀφαυρᾰ́ aphaurá
Genitive		ἀφαυροῦ aphauroû	ἀφαυρᾶς aphaurâs	ἀφαυροῦ aphauroû		ἀφαυροῖν aphauroîn	ἀφαυραῖν aphauraîn	ἀφαυροῖν aphauroîn		ἀφαυρῶν aphaurôn	ἀφαυρῶν aphaurôn	ἀφαυρῶν aphaurôn
Dative		ἀφαυρῷ aphaurôi	ἀφαυρᾷ aphaurâi	ἀφαυρῷ aphaurôi		ἀφαυροῖν aphauroîn	ἀφαυραῖν aphauraîn	ἀφαυροῖν aphauroîn		ἀφαυροῖς aphauroîs	ἀφαυραῖς aphauraîs	ἀφαυροῖς aphauroîs
Accusative		ἀφαυρόν aphaurón	ἀφαυρᾱ́ν aphaurā́n	ἀφαυρόν aphaurón		ἀφαυρώ aphaurṓ	ἀφαυρᾱ́ aphaurā́	ἀφαυρώ aphaurṓ		ἀφαυρούς aphauroús	ἀφαυρᾱ́ς aphaurā́s	ἀφαυρᾰ́ aphaurá
Vocative		ἀφαυρέ aphauré	ἀφαυρᾱ́ aphaurā́	ἀφαυρόν aphaurón		ἀφαυρώ aphaurṓ	ἀφαυρᾱ́ aphaurā́	ἀφαυρώ aphaurṓ		ἀφαυροί aphauroí	ἀφαυραί aphauraí	ἀφαυρᾰ́ aphaurá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ἀφαυρῶς aphaurôs				ἀφαυρότερος aphauróteros				ἀφαυρότᾰτος aphaurótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀφαυρότης (aphaurótēs)
• ἀφαυρόω (aphauróō)

 

Further reading

• “ἀφαυρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀφαυρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀφαυρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀφαυρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀφαυρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀφαυρός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN