ὄρτυξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Presumably from Proto-Indo-European *wort-, whence also Sanskrit वर्तिका (vártikā), वर्तक (vartaka), but this does not account for the alternation of the ending -ῠγος (-ugos) ~ -ῠκος (-ukos), which Beekes considers characteristically Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ór.tyks/ → /ˈor.tyks/ → /ˈor.tiks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ór.tyks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈor.tyks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈor.tyks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈor.tyks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈor.tiks/

Noun

ὄρτῠξ • (órtux) m (genitive ὄρτῠγος or ὄρτῠκος); third declension

1. common quail (Coturnix coturnix)
2. harefoot plantain (Plantago lagopus)

   Synonyms: ἀρνόγλωσσον (arnóglōsson), στελέφουρος (steléphouros)

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ ὄρτῠξ; τοῦ ὄρτῠγος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ὄρτῠξ ho órtux	τὼ ὄρτῠγε tṑ órtuge	οἱ ὄρτῠγες hoi órtuges
Genitive	τοῦ ὄρτῠγος toû órtugos	τοῖν ὀρτῠ́γοιν toîn ortúgoin	τῶν ὀρτῠ́γων tôn ortúgōn
Dative	τῷ ὄρτῠγῐ tôi órtugi	τοῖν ὀρτῠ́γοιν toîn ortúgoin	τοῖς ὄρτῠξῐ / ὄρτῠξῐν toîs órtuxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν ὄρτῠγᾰ tòn órtuga	τὼ ὄρτῠγε tṑ órtuge	τοὺς ὄρτῠγᾰς toùs órtugas
Vocative	ὄρτῠξ órtux	ὄρτῠγε órtuge	ὄρτῠγες órtuges
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ὁ ὄρτῠξ; τοῦ ὄρτῠκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ὄρτῠξ ho órtux	τὼ ὄρτῠκε tṑ órtuke	οἱ ὄρτῠκες hoi órtukes
Genitive	τοῦ ὄρτῠκος toû órtukos	τοῖν ὀρτῠ́κοιν toîn ortúkoin	τῶν ὀρτῠ́κων tôn ortúkōn
Dative	τῷ ὄρτῠκῐ tôi órtuki	τοῖν ὀρτῠ́κοιν toîn ortúkoin	τοῖς ὄρτῠξῐ / ὄρτῠξῐν toîs órtuxi(n)
Accusative	τὸν ὄρτῠκᾰ tòn órtuka	τὼ ὄρτῠκε tṑ órtuke	τοὺς ὄρτῠκᾰς toùs órtukas
Vocative	ὄρτῠξ órtux	ὄρτῠκε órtuke	ὄρτῠκες órtukes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ὀρτύκιον (ortúkion)
• ὀρτῠγοθήρᾱς (ortugothḗrās)
• ὀρτῠγοκόμος (ortugokómos)
• ὀρτῠγόκομτος (ortugókomtos)
• ὀρτῠγοκοπέω (ortugokopéō)
• ὀρτῠγόκοπος (ortugókopos)
• ὀρτῠγοκοπῐκός (ortugokopikós)
• ὀρτῠγοκοπῐ́ᾱ (ortugokopíā)
• ὀρτῠγομήτρᾱ (ortugomḗtrā)
• ὀρτῠγομᾰνῐ́ᾱ (ortugomaníā)
• ὀρτῠγοπώλης (ortugopṓlēs)
• ὀρτῠγοτροφεῖον (ortugotropheîon)
• ὀρτῠγοτροφέω (ortugotrophéō)
• ὀρτῠγοτρόφος (ortugotróphos)
• ὀρτῠ́γῐον (ortúgion)
• Ὀρτῠγῐ́ᾱ (Ortugíā)

 

Descendants

• → Latin: ortyx

Further reading

• “ὄρτυξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὄρτυξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ὄρτυξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • quail idem, page 662.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN